Female genitalia: dynamic MR imaging with use of MS-325 initial experiences evaluating female sexual response.

Purpose: To determine whether magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with MS-325, a recently developed blood pool contrast agent, can depict sexual arousal response in healthy women.

Materials And Methods: Serial MR imaging of the external genitalia was performed in 12 healthy sexually functional women before and after administration of MS-325. MR images were obtained every 3 minutes during a 45-minute examination.

Radiologic and clinical spectrum of occipital condyle fractures: retrospective review of 107 consecutive fractures in 95 patients.

Objective: We proposed to characterize the radiologic spectrum of occipital condyle fractures in a large series of patients and to correlate fracture pathology with neurosurgical treatment and patient outcome.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of the findings on conventional radiography, CT, and MR imaging in 95 patients with 107 occipital condyle fractures. We described fracture patterns according to two previously published classification systems.

Cerebrospinal fluid signal intensity increase on FLAIR MR images in patients under general anesthesia: the role of supplemental O2.

Purpose: To determine whether increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) signal intensity is seen on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) magnetic resonance (MR) images in patients under general anesthesia and to investigate the cause of these changes.

Materials And Methods: MR images from nine examinations performed in eight patients under general anesthesia were reviewed retrospectively. In phantom experiments, T1 measurements obtained with several inhaled anesthetic agents and propofol dissolved in saline were compared with those obtained with either 100% O2 or room air.

Radiologic spectrum of craniocervical distraction injuries.

Injuries to the atlanto-occipital region, which range from complete atlanto-occipital or atlantoaxial dislocation to nondisplaced occipital condyle avulsion fractures, are usually of critical clinical importance. At initial cross-table lateral radiography, measurement of the basion-dens and basion-posterior axial line intervals and comparison with normal measurements may help detect injury. Computed tomography (CT) with sagittal and coronal reformatted images permits optimal detection and evaluation of fracture and luxation.

Balloon angioplasty for the treatment of vasospasm: results of first 50 cases.

Objective: To report the results of the first 50 consecutive patients with vasospasm secondary to subarachnoid hemorrhage treated with balloon angioplasty after failure of medical management.

Methods: Retrospective uncontrolled study of 50 consecutive patients treated with balloon angioplasty between February 1988 and July 1992. Forty-six had objective clinical deterioration despite maximal medical therapy, whereas four were treated on the basis of rapidly accelerating transcranial Doppler velocities and decreased regional blood perfusion detected by technetium-99m-exametazime brain single photon emission computed tomography.

Serial MR in gene therapy for recurrent glioblastoma: initial experience and work in progress.

Purpose: To describe the MR imaging findings in a pilot study evaluating gene therapy for treatment of patients with recurrent glioblastoma.

Methods: Serial MR examinations were evaluated retrospectively in patients treated with gene therapy that included a retroviral vector containing the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene and intravenous ganciclovir. Images were obtained after tumor resection and after each cycle of treatment, at approximately 40-day intervals.

Prognostic significance of type 1 neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen Disease) in childhood optic glioma.

Although the association between optic glioma and neurofibromatosis is well recognized, few studies have systematically compared the outcomes of patients with optic gliomas and neurofibromatosis and patients with optic gliomas without neurofibromatosis. In the present study, patients with optic gliomas and Type 1 neurofibromatosis (NF-1) were compared with patients with optic gliomas without NF-1, with respect to survival, time to tumor progression, and tumor location. Forty-four patients with optic gliomas who were evaluated between 1949 and 1991 were studied retrospectively.

The effect of extent of resection on recurrence in patients with low grade cerebral hemisphere gliomas.

Background: To evaluate the role of radical resection for low grade cerebral hemisphere gliomas, the authors analyzed the preoperative and postoperative radiographic tumor volumes (computed tomography hypodensity, magnetic resonance imaging-T2 signal hyperintensity) in 53 patients.

Methods: Using a previously described method of computerized image analysis, the authors evaluated whether the percent of resection and volume of residual disease, postoperatively, influenced the incidence of recurrence, time to tumor progression, and histology of the recurrent tumor. Survival was not analyzed in this study.

Differential interactions of dimethyltryptamine (DMT) with 5-HT1A and 5-HT2 receptors.

The interactions of the indolealkylamine N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) with 5-hydroxytryptamine1A (5-HT1A) and 5-HT2 receptors in rat brain were analyzed using radioligand binding techniques and biochemical functional assays. The affinity of DMT for 5-HT1A sites labeled by [3H]-8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin ([3H]-8-OH-DPAT) was decreased in the presence of 10(-4) M GTP, suggesting agonist activity of DMT at this receptor. Adenylate cyclase studies in rat hippocampi showed that DMT inhibited forskolin-stimulated cyclase activity, a 5-HT1A agonist effect.

5-Hydroxtryptamine1D receptor agonism predicts antimigraine efficacy.

The interactions of four abortive anti-migraine agents and four prophylactic anti-migraine agents with 5-HT1D receptors in bovine brain were analyzed using radioligand binding techniques and adenylate cyclase assays. In bovine caudate, the affinities of abortive anti-migraine agents (i.e.