Biotechnology Revolution Shaping the Future of Diabetes Management.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has a millennia-long history, with early references dating back to ancient Egypt and India. However, it was not until the 20th century that the connection between diabetes and insulin was fully understood. The sequencing of insulin in the 1950s initiated the convergence of biotechnology and diabetes management, leading to the development of recombinant human insulin in 1982.

Increased Susceptibility for Thromboembolic Events versus High Bleeding Risk Associated with COVID-19.

The infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus is associated with numerous systemic involvements. Besides the severe respiratory injuries and cardiovascular complications, it became obvious early on that this disease carries an increased risk of thromboembolic events, but a higher propensity for bleedings as well. We researched the medical literature over significant PubMed published articles debating on the prevalence, category of patients, the moment of occurrence, and evolution of venous thromboembolism (VTE), but also of venous and arterial "in situ" thrombosis (AT), and hemorrhagic events as well.

Clinical and morphological aspects of lateral femoral condyle status after an osteochondral fracture. A case report.

Although osteochondral fractures of the lateral femoral condyle are uncommon, fixation of the fragments is recommended, mostly when is about young athletes with such post-traumatic pathology. We present a case of a professional handball player teenager female, with a lateral femur condylar osteochondral fracture after a fall with the right knee in extension and in internal rotation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an osteochondral fracture of the lateral femoral condyle, 34.

Morphometric analysis of bone vascular channels during the biointegration of autologous bone grafts.

Vascularization of the transplanted bone tissue is a key factor for success and precedes the formation of bone tissue. Vascularized bone grafts have been widely used in bone transplantation for their efficiency. Maturation of the bone tissue at the place of the transplant involves the change in the vascular patterning, from plexiform irregular vascular networks, to regular, polygonal networks following the structure of osteons.

Microdensity and morphometric analysis of autologous bone grafts cells.

Bone transplantation as a mean to reduce the fracture healing time in large defects was attempted for the first time more than 300 years ago, with nowadays several techniques and methods of assessment of its efficacy. The bone graft was longtime thought as initiating the osteogenesis from the recipient, but new data show that cells from the graft contribute to osteogenesis and to its incorporation into newly formed bone. There is no accurate assessment of the microdensity of bone graft cells in evolution so far, the only studies published recently referring to newly formed bone area.

[Phenotypic characterization of Streptococcus agalactiae strains isolated from urocultures].

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae strains isolated from urocultures in order to obtain new data regarding circulating phenotypes in Urology Department.

Methods: For identifications of Streptococcus agalactiae strains we used Pastorex Strep (BioRad). The sensitivity of isolated germs to antimicrobials was tested using standardised Kirby-Bauer technique.

[Risk factors involved in multiresistant infections with strains of Enterobacteriaceae].

Objective: The present study aims to analyse the risk factors involvement in the cross infectious pathology determined by multiresistant Enterobacteriaceae, in hospitalised patients in the Intensive Care Unit at the County Emergency Clinical Hospital in Timişoara.

Material And Method: We carried out a case-control study with 3 groups of adult inpatients--200 patients with no superadded infectious pathology, 100 patients infected with Enterobacteriaceae strains resistant to 3 classes of antibacterial chemotherapeutic agents and 100 infected with multiresistant strains. Identification of bacterial germs was performed using API ID 20 E manual galleries (BioMérieux) and the inclusion in the resistance phenotypes was done using the Osiris Evolution (BioRad) analyser.

[Gram-positive cocci isolated from urocultures of ambulatory and hospitalized patients with surgical risk].

Objectives: We propose a comparative study of sensitivity to antibiotics of Gram-positive germs isolated in urocultures from patients in ambulatory and two wards with surgical risk (urology and obstetrics-gynaecology), and also to establish the resistance phenotypes of these strains.

Material And Method: 124 strains of Gram-positive cocci were studied: 28 S. aureus strains, 24 strains of coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CNS), 23 Streptococcus aglactiae strains, 1 Streptococcus anginosus strain and 48 Enterococcus spp.

The establishment of resistance phenotypes for bacteria isolated from outpatients in urine cultures.

From 1911 outpatients, who addressed a Timişoara private clinical laboratory, from January to December 2005, we collected 1,889 urine cultures, 431 being positive. Bacteria identification was generally done using morphological, cultural, biochemical characters and pathogenicity tests. Sensitivity testing to antimicrobial medical drugs was done by using the classical diffusion Kirby-Bauer method and the automatic analyzer Osiris, also.

[Antibiotic resistance patterns in Acinetobacter spp. strains isolated from hospital environment].

Introduction: The Acinetobacter species are ubiquitary germs isolated more and more frequently, Acinetobacter baumannii being currently considered the second strictly aerobic microorganism involved in the ethiology of severe nosocomial infections. Acinetobacter baumannii is usually encountered in surgery and intensive care units, especially in patients with depressed immunity, in which various locations are possible, the most frequvent being the respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections and bacteriemia.

Material And Method: The study used 52 strains of Acinetobacter spp.

[Aminoglycoside resistance of enterobacteria isolated from urinary infections in surgical departments].

The aim of the study was to determine the aminoglycosides resistance of Enterobacteriaceae strains isolated from urocultures. Identification of the germs was performed by the API system (BioMerieux) and susceptibility tests was performed by disk-diffusion test (CLSI standards) and with API strips. For detecting the resistance to aminoglycosides we used gentamicin, tobramycin, netilmicin and amikacin.

[Considerations regarding the nosocomial potential of surgical wards].

Purposes: The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of multiresistant germs with nosocomial potential and their main resistance phenotype and genotype patterns in surgical departments.

Methods: Identification of germs was performed by the API system (BioMerieux France) and susceptibility tests by disk-diffusion tests, (CLSI standards) with automatic reading methods (Osiris-Bio Rad Laboratories). ESBL producing E.

[Phenotype characterisation of Enterococcus spp. strains isolated from urocultures].

Objectives: Our aim is to comparatively study the susceptibility to antibiotics of Enterococcus spp. strains isolated from urocultures of patients admitted in the urology department, as well as from ambulatory patients, and also to establish the resistance phenotypes of these strains.

Materials And Methods: We studied 33 strains of Enterococcus spp.

[Monitoring of resistance to chemotherapeutics of enterobacteria strains isolated from urocultures from out-patients].

The importance of urinary tract infections relies in their relatively high incidence, as well as in their numerous and complicated problems of diagnosis and treatment. Considering the high incidence of urinary infections we made a study in order to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae strains isolated from urocultures of ambulatory patients and to precise the resistance phenotypes of these strains. We studied enterobacteriaceae strains isolated from 1889 urocultures of ambulatory patients between January - December 2004.

[The sensitivity of some strains of Klebsiella spp. collected in a neonatal department].

In order to analyse the evolution of the sensitivity to antibiotics of same strains with nosocomial potential such as Klebsiella isolated in a hospital, we took into study a number of 976 samples, collected in a new-born care department of the "Dr. D. Popescu" hospital Timişoara.

[Incidence and sensitivity to antibiotics of germs isolated from surgical wound infections].

We studied 119 bacterial strains isolated from postoperative infected wounds. All these strains were considered to be strains that derived from the same number of nosocomial infections, all the postoperative infections of the wounds being nosocomial infections. Regarding their frequency, we isolated the following strains: E.

[Bacterial strains isolated in high nosocomial risk departments].

We collected 312 samples from hospitalized patients in two hospitals in Timişoara between September-December 2003. We isolated 83 strains with nosocomial potential. Identification of the germs was performed using the automatic API system, and the susceptibility tests were performed using disc-diffusion and the agar dilution test.

[Evaluation of the sensitivity to meropenem of some bacterial strains with nosocomial potential].

This study analyzes the sensitivity to meropenem of 880 bacterial strains isolated from hospitalized patients in various medical units of County Hospital No. 1 Timişoara. As a result, a high sensitivity of gram-negative pathogens to meropenem (82.

[Resistance phenotypes circulating in nosocomial high risk departments].

Objectives: Between November 2001-January 2002 we collected 406 samples from patients hospitalized in Intensive Care adults and new-borns Unit (ICU). The aim was to observe the colonization and infection status with bacteria that may have nosocomial potential and to establish circulating phenotypes in ICUs.

Methods: The identification was performed by API (bioMerieux) method, and we have performed the antimicrobial susceptibility tests by both: API method and by Kirby-Bauer disc-diffusion test.

[A comparative study of resistance phenotypes in E. coli strains isolated in urine from hospitalized and ambulatory patients].

112 strains of E coli from 620 urocultures of hospitalized and ambulatory patients where isolated between March-June 2002. Our purpose was to make a comparative study of the susceptibility to antibiotics of 31 strains of E coli isolated in hospital (County Clinical Hospital Nr. 1 Timisoara--Urology Clinic and Intensive Care Unit) and 81 strains collected from ambulatory patients.