With a growing global population increasing demand for food production, fertilisers are of paramount importance in the agricultural industry. New fertiliser coating candidates may reduce environmental harm but it is critical that they are evaluated for their native biodegradation potential within agricultural soils and their effects on microbial communities. Four of the seven compounds tested, poly(1,4-butylene adipate) (PBA), polyethylene adipate (PEA), polycaprolactone (PCL) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), showed degradation by indigenous soil microorganisms with headspace CO concentrations increasing between 14 to 98 % compared to the soil only control.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrobial necromass is a crucial source of stable organic matter in composting, yet its role in the humification process remains poorly understood. This study aims to explore the contribution of microbial necromass carbon (MNC) to humic acid (HA) formation during the composting of sewage sludge (SS), kitchen waste (KW), and pig manure (PM), and to examine the involvement of fungal communities in microbial necromass humification. The results show that fungal necromass carbon (FNC) consistently contributes more to MNC than bacterial necromass carbon (BNC), with FNC accounting for over 60% of MNC across all treatments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
February 2025
Efficient separation and purification of methane is a key step in promoting its wide application as an environmentally friendly energy carrier and an important chemical raw material. Development of single solid adsorbents simultaneously combining robust structure, high separation capacity, and easy performance recovery is highly desired but quite a challenge for realizing methane depuration. In the present study, we report an ultramicroporous hydrogen-bonded organic framework compound constructed from a tetracyano bithiophene-functionalized ligand.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOver half the global population depends on food grown with synthetic nitrogen fertilizers, but much of this nitrogen is lost as nitrates, NO and NH, harming the environment and health and incurring substantial environmental costs. Practical technologies aimed at enhancing nitrogen efficiency to reduce these losses promised considerable societal benefits. Nitrification inhibitors (NIs) can help reduce these losses, but their effectiveness varies, often lasting only weeks or days, for the strategy to improve NIs efficiency reducing environmental pollution that are still poorly contrived.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicine (Baltimore)
October 2024
Nitrogen (N) management is the key to achieving food security and environmental sustainability. Here we analyse N flows using a localized N management model for wheat, maize and rice in 1,690 Chinese counties, with a breakdown of multiple reactive N (Nr) loss pathways. Results show that the total N input for producing these three staple crops in China was 22.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe burgeoning field of frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) heterogeneous catalysts has garnered significant interest in recent years, primarily due to their inherent ability to activate H-source molecules, thereby facilitating hydrogenation reactions. In this study, non-precious transition metal atoms were anchored onto several models of pyridinic nitrogen incorporated graphene sheet. Theoretical calculations substantiated energy barriers as low as 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn unavoidable consequence of chicken meat production is the generation of substantial quantities of spent litter. This poses several environmental and social challenges, as broiler farms become hotspots for odour emissions. The main source of odour from broiler litter is the microbial decomposition of organic material.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe direct hydrogenation of 2-nitroacylbenzene to 2,1-benzisoxazole presents a significant challenge in the pharmaceutical and fine chemicals industries. In this study, a defect engineering strategy is employed to create bifunctional single-atom catalysts (SACs) by anchoring Pt single atoms onto metal vacancies within MgO(Al) nanosheets. The resultant Pt/MgO(Al) SAC displays an exceptional catalytic activity and selectivity in the hydrogenation-cyclization of 2-nitroacylbenzene, achieving a 97.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe loss of carbon and nitrogen from broiler litter limits nutrient recycling and is damaging to the environment. This study investigated lignite, a low-rank brown coal, as an amendment to reduce the loss of carbon and nitrogen from broiler litter over 3 consecutive grow-out cycles, November 2021 to May 2022, at a commercially operated farm in Victoria, Australia. Lignite-treated litter contained significantly more carbon and nitrogen, with an increase of 70.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDue to its adverse environmental and human health hazards, addressing the elimination of nitric oxide (NO) has become a pressing concern for modern society. Currently, electrochemical NO reduction provides a new alternative to traditional selective catalytic reduction technology under mild reaction conditions. However, the complexity and variability of products make the coverage of NO an influencing factor that needs to be investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAmmonia (NH) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are substantial contributors to C and N loss in composting. Lignite can increase N retention by absorbing and NH. However, the effects of co-composting on NH and GHG emissions in view of closing nutrient cycle are still poorly investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTen new cadinane-type sesquiterpenoids, named hibisceusins I-R (-), along with 14 known sesquiterpenoids (-), were acquired from the tainted stems of . Their structures were identified via spectroscopic analysis, one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) NMR, and computer-assisted structure elucidation techniques, including infrared (IR) and mass spectrometry (MS) data. Additionally, subsequent DP4/DP4+ probability methods were used to resolve 's relative configurations by comparing their experimental values to the predicted NMR data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi
December 2023
This study aimed to investigate the chemical constituents of supercritical extract from Qi-nan Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum by silica gel column chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. One new elemane-type and one new eudesmane-type sesquiterpene compounds were isolated from the extract, and their structures were identified by MS, UV, IR, NMR, and ECD spectroscopic techniques, and named aquqinanol C(1) and aquqinanol D(2). Both compounds are novel compounds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAddressing global warming necessitates innovative strategies in fossil fuel management. This study evaluates lignite, a low-rank coal with limited calorific value, exploring applications beyond its use as fuel. Utilizing Pt/TiO catalytic oxidation, the research aims to enhance the cadmium adsorption capacity of lignite in wastewater.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChina produces more than half of global vegetables with greenhouse farms contributes approximately 35 % to the country's overall vegetable supply. The average nitrogen (N) application rate of greenhouse vegetable production exceeds 2000 kg N ha yr, considerably contributing to global agricultural GHG emissions and reactive N (Nr) losses. Optimizing the N fertilizer utilization in greenhouse vegetable production is essential for mitigating environmental pollution and promoting sustainable development nationally and globally.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo study risk factors for central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) using the Chinese Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (C-TIRADS). We retrospectively analysed patients who underwent PTC surgery and central lymph node dissection at First People's Hospital of Foshan City. The clinical and ultrasonic data of the patients from 1150 cases were analysed by multivariate regression to evaluate the correlation between grayscale ultrasound (US) features, C-TIRADS score, and the classification of thyroid nodules and CLNM of PTCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHydrothermal carbonization (HTC) technology is an emerging technology for the disposal of manure-based wet wastes. However, the effects of manure-derived hydrochar inputs to agricultural soils on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) morphology and conversion in soil-water systems remain largely unexplored. In this study, pig and cattle manure (PM and CM), and their derived hydrochar (PCs and CCs) were applied to agricultural soils, with changes in nutrient morphology and enzyme activities related to N and P transformation in the soil-water systems observed through flooded incubation experiments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHerein, a nonreversible heat-induced supramolecular gel based on natural products was reported for the first time. This natural triterpenoid, fupenzic acid (FA), isolated from the roots of Rosa laevigata, was discovered to be capable of forming supramolecular gel spontaneously in 50 % ethanol-water solution induced by heating. Distinguished from the common thermosensitive gels, the FA-gel showed a distinctive nonreversible phase transition from the liquid to gel state upon heating.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAs the wastewater sector moves towards achieving net zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, quantifying and understanding fugitive emissions from various sewage treatment steps is crucial for developing effective GHG abatement strategies. Methane (CH) emissions from a sludge drying pan (SDP) were measured at a wastewater treatment plant in Australia for more than a year, using a micrometeorological technique paired with open-path lasers. The emission rate was tightly associated with sludge additions, climatology, and operational processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetal organic frameworks (MOFs) with high porosity and highly tunable physical/chemical properties can serve as heterogeneous catalysts for CO photoreduction, but the application is hindered by the large band gap (E) and insufficient ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT). In this study, a simple one-pot solvothermal strategy is proposed to prepare an amino-functionalized MOF (aU(Zr/In)) featuring an amino-functionalizing ligand linker and In-doped Zr-oxo clusters, which enables efficient CO reduction driven with visible light. The amino functionalization leads to a significant reduction of E as well as a charge redistribution of the framework, allowing the absorption of visible light and the efficient separation of photogenerated carriers.
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