Hospitalizations in Children with a Penicillin Allergy Label: An Assessment of Healthcare Impact.

Background: Beta-lactam allergy is overdiagnosed. Diagnosis of penicillin allergy has been associated with a greater use of hospital resources and an increased risk of antibiotic-resistant infections, although this issue remains poorly studied in children. We aimed to compare patient characteristics and use of hospital resources in hospitalized children with and without a record of penicillin allergy.

Production of isotope-labeled proteins in insect cells for NMR.

Baculovirus-infected insect cells have become a powerful tool to express recombinant proteins for structural and functional studies by NMR spectroscopy. This article provides an introduction into the insect cell/baculovirus expression system and its use for the production of recombinant isotope-labeled proteins. We discuss recent advances in inexpensive isotope-labeling methods using labeled algal or yeast extracts as the amino acid source and give examples of advanced NMR applications for proteins, which have become accessible by this eukaryotic expression host.

Characterization of oat beta-glucan and coenzyme Q10-loaded beta-glucan powders generated by the pressurized gas-expanded liquid (PGX) technology.

The physicochemical properties of the oat beta-glucan powder (BG) and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)-loaded BG powder (L-BG) produced by the pressurized gas-expanded liquid (PGX) technology were studied. Helium ion microscope, differential scanning calorimeter, X-ray diffractometer, AutoSorb iQ and rheometer were used to determine the particle morphology, thermal properties, crystallinity, surface area and viscosity, respectively. Both BG (7.

Swimming pool exposure is associated with autonomic changes and increased airway reactivity to a beta-2 agonist in school aged children: A cross-sectional survey.

Background: Endurance swimming exercises coupled to disinfection by-products exposure has been associated with increased airways dysfunction and neurogenic inflammation in elite swimmers. However, the impact of swimming pool exposure at a recreational level on autonomic activity has never been explored. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate how swimming pool attendance is influencing lung and autonomic function in school-aged children.

Publication trends of Allergy, Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, and Clinical and Translational Allergy journals: a MeSH term-based bibliometric analysis.

We performed a MeSH term-based bibliometric analysis aiming to assess the publication trends of EAACI journals, namely Allergy, Pediatric Allergy and Immunology (PAI) (from 1990 to 2015) and Clinical and Translational Allergy (CTA) (from its inception in 2011 to 2015). We also aimed to discuss the impact of the creation of CTA in the publication topics of Allergy and PAI. We analysed a total of 1973 articles and 23,660 MeSH terms.

Clinical and economic burden of hospitalizations with registration of penicillin allergy.

Background: Penicillin allergy is commonly reported, but only a minority of claimants has a confirmed diagnosis. Nevertheless, patients labeled as having penicillin allergy are treated with second-line antibiotics, which are more expensive and less effective, possibly increasing the risk of drug-resistant infections.

Objective: To compare hospitalizations with and without registration of penicillin allergy concerning their morbidity and hospital resource use.

Effects of weight changes in the autonomic nervous system: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Obesity has been linked to autonomic dysfunction, which is thought to be one of the main contributors for hypertension, cardiac remodelling and death. Exercise and diet-based weight loss are the mainstay therapy for obesity, but there is a paucity of data regarding the effect of weight changes in autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity.

Objective: To describe the impact of weight changes in autonomic nervous system.

Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis and erythema multiforme drug-related hospitalisations in a national administrative database.

Background: Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) and erythema multiforme (EM) are immunologically-mediated dermatological disorders commonly triggered by drug exposure and/or other external agents. We aimed to characterise SJS/TEN- and EM-drug-related hospitalisations in a nationwide administrative database, focusing on demographic and clinical characteristics, and in the most frequently implicated drug classes.

Methods: We analysed all drug-related hospitalisations with associated diagnosis of SJS/TEN or EM in Portuguese hospitals between 2009 and 2014.

Orthognathic Considerations of Vascular Malformations.

Vascular malformations affect the craniofacial skeleton in many ways, depending on the type of the lesion and its location. The lesions may exert a mass effect and cause thinning or thickening of the bone or cause expansion from direct bony infiltration. Orthognathic surgery can be used to correct any malocclusion or open bite deformities after the soft tissues are addressed.

Re-emergence of rabies virus maintained by canid populations in Paraguay.

Paraguay has registered no human cases of rabies since 2004, and the last case in dogs, reported in 2009, was due to a variant maintained in the common vampire bat "Desmodus rotundus". In 2014, a dog was diagnosed as positive for rabies with aggression towards a boy and all required measures of control were successfully adopted. Epidemiological investigation revealed that the dog was not vaccinated and had been attacked by a crab-eating fox, "zorro" (Cerdocyon thous).

Spirometry-adjusted fraction of exhaled nitric oxide increases accuracy for assessment of asthma control in children.

Spirometry and exhaled nitric oxide are two important complimentary tools to identify and assess asthma control in children. We aimed to determine the ability of a new suggested spirometry-adjusted fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (NO) index in doing that. A random sample of 1602 schoolchildren were screened by a health questionnaire, skin prick tests, spirometry with bronchodilation and exhaled NO.

Double acid etching treatment of dental implants for enhanced biological properties.

Background: The topographical features on the surface of dental implants have been considered as a critical parameter for enhancing the osseointegration of implants. In this work, we proposed a surface obtained by a combination of shot blasting and double acid etching. The double acid etching was hypothesized to increase the submicron topography and hence further stimulate the biological properties of the titanium implant.

Acetic acid and pepsin result in high yield, high purity and low macrophage response collagen for biomedical applications.

Collagen based devices are frequently associated with foreign body response. Although several pre- (e.g.

Differential neuronal and glial behavior on flat and micro patterned chitosan films.

Chitosan is a biodegradable natural polysaccharide that has been widely studied for regenerative purposes in the central nervous system. In this study we assessed the in vitro glial and neuronal cells response to chitosan either flat or patterned with grooves in the micrometric range. Chitosan demonstrated to be a good substrate for the attachment and growth of both neurons and glial cells.

The effect of deep brain stimulation on the non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease: a critical review of the current evidence.

The benefit of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in controlling the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease is well established, however, the impact on the non-motor symptoms (NMS) remains to be elucidated, although the growing investigative efforts are promising. This article reviews the reported data and considers the level of evidence available with regard to the effect of DBS on NMS total burden and on the cognitive, neuropsychiatric, sleep, pain, dysautonomic, and weight domains. Multiple case series suggest that DBS improves the burden of NMS by reducing prevalence, intensity, and non-motor fluctuations.

Mechanisms of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in athletes: Current perspectives and future challenges.

The evidence of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) without asthma (EIBw ) occurring in athletes led to speculate about different endotypes inducing respiratory symptoms within athletes. Classical postulated mechanisms for bronchial obstruction in this population include the osmotic and the thermal hypotheses. More recently, the presence of epithelial injury and inflammation in the airways of athletes was demonstrated.

Post-Transplant Diabetes Mellitus After Kidney Transplant in Hispanics and Caucasians Treated with Tacrolimus-Based Immunosuppression.

BACKGROUND Development of post-transplant diabetes mellitus after kidney transplant (PTDM) significantly increases kidney graft loss and mortality. Several risk factors for PTDM have been reported, including Hispanic ethnicity and the use of calcineurin inhibitors and corticosteroids. The incidence and impact of PTDM in the Hispanic kidney transplant population is unknown.

[Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: Report of a fatal case and analysis of predictive factors of a poor prognosis].

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is an illness with multiple causes and distinctive clinicalradiological characteristics that should be known by intensivists and emergency room physicians for a timely diagnosis and treatment. A fatal case of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is presented, and the risk factors related to the outcome are identified.A 60-year-old man without a relevant medical history arrived at the emergency room presenting with depressed consciousness, seizures, and high blood pressure.

The Vespid Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire - cultural adaptation and translation to Portuguese.

A cross-cultural translation of the Vespid Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire (VQLQ) to the Portuguese population (VQLQ-P) was performed, assessing its applicability in wasp and in non-beekeeper bee venom allergic patients. Additionally, we evaluated a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) to estimate hymenoptera allergy interference with daily life. Cross-cultural translation was performed according to recommendations.

A reference floral transcriptome of sexual and apomictic Paspalum notatum.

Background: Paspalum notatum Flügge is a subtropical grass native to South America, which includes sexual diploid and apomictic polyploid biotypes. In the past decade, a number of apomixis-associated genes were discovered in this species through genetic mapping and differential expression surveys. However, the scarce information on Paspalum sequences available in public databanks limited annotations and functional predictions for these candidates.

Diagnostic tools in ocular allergy.

Ocular allergy (OA) includes a group of common and less frequent hypersensitivity disorders frequently misdiagnosed and not properly managed. The diagnosis of OA is usually based on clinical history and signs and symptoms, with the support of in vivo and in vitro tests when identification of the specific allergen is required. To date, no specific test is available for the diagnosis of the whole spectrum of the different forms of OA.

Improving Communication between Physicians and Their Patients through Mindfulness and Compassion-Based Strategies: A Narrative Review.

Communication between physicians and patients is a key pillar of psychosocial support for enhancing the healing process of patients and for increasing their well-being and quality of life. Physicians and other health professionals might benefit from interventions that increase their self-care, awareness, compassion, and other-focused concern, and reduce the chances of distress and burnout. There is substantial evidence for the contribution of different management strategies to achieve these aims.

Dual Inhibition of Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase and Phosphoinositide-3-Kinase p110 as a Therapeutic Approach to Treat Non-Hodgkin's B Cell Malignancies.

Although new targeted therapies, such as ibrutinib and idelalisib, have made a large impact on non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients, the disease is often fatal because patients are initially resistant to these targeted therapies, or because they eventually develop resistance. New drugs and treatments are necessary for these patients. One attractive approach is to inhibit multiple parallel pathways that drive the growth of these hematologic tumors, possibly prolonging the duration of the response and reducing resistance.