Dietary supplementation of mineral nanoparticles for channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus).

This study evaluated the supplementation of iron and copper nanoparticles in channel catfish diets and their influences on growth and health. A comparative feeding trial was carried out for 9 weeks to evaluate combinations of iron and copper nanoparticles: only iron nanoparticles (IronNP), only copper nanoparticles (CopperNP), CopperNP + IronNP, and a control diet supplemented with inorganic iron and copper (FeSO and CuSO). After a 9-week feeding trial, growth performance, hematological parameters, whole-body proximate composition, and intestinal microbiota were evaluated, and fish were subjected to a bacterial challenge against Edwardsiella ictaluri to evaluate the contribution of the experimental treatments to fish health status.

Evaluation of lauric acid enhancement of black soldier fly larvae from coconut.

The current study evaluated the potential enhancement of lauric acid (LA) in black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens, (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) larvae (BSFL), a source of this short-chain fatty acid which has antimicrobial and immunostimulatory properties. Replicate groups of BSFL were reared on either the coconut or Gainesville diet for 7 days.

Influence of probiotic and prebiotic supplementation on intestinal microbiota and resistance to Edwardsiella ictaluri infection in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) following florfenicol administration.

Enteric septicemia of catfish (ESC), caused by the gram-negative enteric bacteria Edwardsiella ictaluri, is a significant threat to catfish aquaculture in the southeastern United States. Antibiotic intervention can reduce mortality; however, antibiotic use results in an imbalance, or dysbiosis, of the gut microbiota, which may increase susceptibility of otherwise healthy fish to enteric infections. Herein, recovery of the intestinal microbiota and survivability of channel catfish in response to ESC challenge was evaluated following a 10-day course of florfenicol and subsequent probiotic or prebiotic supplementation.

Dietary creatine and guanidinoacetic acid supplementation have limited effects on hybrid striped bass.

The effects of dietary supplementation of creatine and guanidinoacetic acid (GDA) have been studied to a limited extent in various fish species including red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) and hybrid striped bass (HBS) (Morone saxatilis x M. chrysops). However, in HSB, there is a need to better understand the impact of creatine and GDA supplementation at elevated salinity which may be encountered by this euryhaline fish.

Amino Acid Requirements for Nile Tilapia: An Update.

This review aims to consolidate the relevant published data exploring the amino acid (AA) requirements of Nile tilapia, , and to reach a new set of recommendations based on those data. There are still inconsistencies in lysine, sulfur-containing AA, threonine, tryptophan, branched-chain AA, and total aromatic AA recommendations in data that have appeared since 1988. This review finds that strain, size, basal diet composition, and assessment method may have contributed to the inconsistencies in AA recommendations.

Dietary Supplementation of a Commercial Prebiotic, Probiotic and Their Combination Affected Growth Performance and Transient Intestinal Microbiota of Red Drum ( L.).

In the present study, the potential synergism between beneficial lactic acid bacteria () contained in a probiotic and a mixture of fermentable complex carbohydrates and autolyzed brewer's yeast (or prebiotic) were explored in red drum. Four experimental diets were formulated from practical ingredients, and the basal diet was supplemented with either probiotic, prebiotic, or both supplements. Red drum juveniles (~5.

Effects of sustained swimming exercise on growth and body composition responses of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus), and hybrid striped bass (Morone chrysops × M. saxatilis).

Exercise has been shown to increase growth of many salmonid species. However, limited research has evaluated exercise on warmwater species. The present study was conducted to evaluate with tilapia, red drum (RD), and hybrid striped bass (HSB), the effects of swimming (exercising) in a constant slow current of approximately one body length/s (1bl/s) compared to not being forced to swim in a static culture system.

The adverse effects of the phenylpyrazole, fipronil, on juvenile white shrimp Litopenaeus setiferus.

Chemical pesticides are commonly used world-wide, and they can flow into estuaries and affect non-targeted organisms. We evaluated the effects of six concentrations of the phenylpyrazole, fipronil (0.0, 0.

Efficacy of purified nucleotide supplements on the growth performance and immunity of hybrid striped bass Morone chrysops x Morone saxatilis.

Fishmeal is being increasingly replaced in aquatic animal diets with alternative plant protein feedstuffs such as soybean meal which have lower concentrations of nucleotides; therefore, supplemental sources of exogenous nucleotides in diets could become increasingly important. A 9-week feeding trial was conducted with triplicate groups of juvenile hybrid striped bass (average initial body weight ± standard deviation, 5.6 ± 0.

Dietary supplementation of galactooligosaccharides (GOS) in Pacific white shrimp, , cultured in a recirculating system and its effects on gut microflora, growth, stress, and immune response.

This study was designed to examine the effects of a prebiotic compound on the immune system, digestive tract histology, and stress physiology of shrimp. The specific effects of dietary supplementation of the prebiotic galactooligosaccharide (GOS or GTGOS) on shrimp health are scarce. This experiment, therefore attempted to evaluate the effects of GOS on growth, survival, intestinal microbiota, stress resistance and immune responses of Pacific white shrimp, .

Effects of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) on growth, survival, gut microflora, stress, and immune response in Pacific white shrimp, , cultured in a recirculating system.

The present study investigated the effects of short-chain fructooligosaccharides (FOS) as dietary supplements on stress, immune response, gut microbiota, growth, and survivability of three different treatment groups of Pacific white shrimp, , cultured in a recirculating system. The experiment was conducted over a 35-day trial period. Shrimps were fed diets, 15 times a day using automated feeder, supplemented with GOS at 0%, 0.

Trace minerals in tilapia fillets: Status in the United States marketplace and selenium supplementation strategy for improving consumer's health.

This goal of this study was to highlight the importance of minerals in the diet of fish for meeting micronutrient requirements in the human diet. First arsenic, calcium, cadmium, copper, iron, molybdenum, magnesium, manganese, sodium, phosphorus, potassium, selenium, and zinc concentrations of twelve commercially available tilapia samples were measured. The nutritional value of fillets in regard to their mineral content were assessed to establish potential health benefits or risks for consumers.

Responses of skeletal muscle size and anabolism are reproducible with multiple periods of unloading/reloading.

Mechanical unloading has long been understood to contribute to rapid and substantial adaptations within skeletal muscle, most notably, muscle atrophy. Studies have often demonstrated that many of the alterations resulting from disuse are reversed with a reintroduction of load and have supported the concept of muscle plasticity. We hypothesized that adaptations during disuse and recovery were a repeatable/reproducible phenomenon, which we tested with repeated changes in mechanical load.

The effect of β-1,3-glucan derived from Euglena gracilis (Algamune ) on the innate immunological responses of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.).

Algamune is a commercial additive produced from Euglena gracilis, providing a rich source of the β-1,3-glucan paramylon. Isolated kidney phagocytes of Nile tilapia were incubated with graded doses (0, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128 μg/ml) of Algamune and purified paramylon to gauge their ability to elicit the production of reactive oxygen species. A linear response was observed for extracellular superoxide anion for both sources but only Algamune for intracellular superoxide anion.

Lethal and sub-lethal effects of the insecticide fipronil on juvenile brown shrimp Farfantepenaeus aztecus.

Chemical pesticides are widely used around the world, but at the same time, they may cause direct or indirect risks to many non-target organisms. Recent increased use of insecticides in coastal areas, for example to control invasive tawny crazy ants, raises concern that insecticides may affect ecologically and/or commercially important species found in estuaries. Here, we investigated the lethal and sub-lethal effects of fipronil on juvenile brown shrimp Farfantepenaeus aztecus over 29 days at five different nominal concentrations (0.

Red drum Sciaenops ocellatus growth and expression of bile salt-dependent lipase in response to increasing dietary lipid supplementation.

Sciaenops ocellatus has a long history in aquaculture and many difficulties associated with its commercial culture have been addressed and successfully resolved; nevertheless, further research in lipid nutrition could address more comprehensive questions on the way these nutrients are utilized. The purpose of this study was to evaluate S. ocellatus growth and lipase gene expression in response to increasing dietary lipid supplementation.

Production of omega-3 enriched tilapia through the dietary use of algae meal or fish oil: Improved nutrient value of fillet and offal.

The goal of this project was to increase the nutrient value of fillets, by-product muscle, and offal of aquacultured tilapia. A diet that includes seafood with a high omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid content, more specifically eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are known to have numerous health benefits for consumers. Improved nutrient value of the offal may also attract new market opportunities for the aquaculture industry.

β-1,3 glucan derived from Euglena gracilis and Algamune™ enhances innate immune responses of red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus L.).

To reduce susceptibility to stressors and diseases, immune-modulators such as β-glucans have been proven effective tools to enhance the innate immune responses of fish. Consequently, commercial sources of this polysaccharide are becoming increasingly more available. Algamune™ is a commercial additive produced from Euglena gracilis, as a source of linear β-1,3-glucan.

Effects of alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) on growth performance and non-specific immunity of juvenile red drum fed diets with low or adequate phosphorus levels.

This study evaluated the effects of α-ketoglutarate (AKG) on the growth performance, body, and skeletal composition, as well as non-specific immunity of juvenile red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) fed adequate or low-phosphorus diets. A 2 × 2 factorial design was arranged with two levels of total phosphorus (1.0 or 1.

Evaluation of Ocimum americanum essential oil as an additive in red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) diets.

This study evaluated productive parameters, whole-body composition, non-specific immune responses and pH and microbiota of digestive tract contents of red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) fed diets supplemented with Ocimum americanum essential oil (OAEO) (0 - control, 0.25, 0.5, 1.