Long-term pulmonary functional outcome of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and premature birth.

Pulmonary function and exercise tolerance were evaluated in late childhood in two groups of prematurely born children: one group with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) [n = 15; gestational age at birth (GA): 29.6 +/- 2.8 weeks; birth weight (BW): 1,367 +/- 548 g; age at test: 7.

Reliability of pulse oximetry during exercise in pulmonary patients.

To evaluate the reliability of pulse oximetry during exercise, we studied 101 patients primarily with chronic pulmonary diseases. Three devices were used on different patients. Radial arterial blood was sampled at rest and maximal exercise simultaneously to pulse oximetric determination.

Pulmonary function in infancy and in childhood following mechanical ventilation in the neonatal period.

Pulmonary function was evaluated in both infancy and childhood in the same 19 prematurely born infants, who required mechanical ventilation (MV) during the neonatal period. Results of our patients were compared with those of control subjects. Upon first evaluation, we found that lung resistance (RL) was significantly elevated (24.

Diaphragmatic and genioglossus electromyographic activity at the onset and at the end of obstructive apnea in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

We studied the activity of the diaphragm and of the genioglossus at the onset and at the end of obstructive sleep apnea in children. Seven children (mean age 46 months, range 15-87) with obstructive sleep apneas mainly due to enlarged tonsils were tested during natural sleep. We recorded sleep stages (neurophysiological criteria), nasal and buccal air flow (thermistors), thoracoabdominal motion (magnetometers), genioglossus and diaphragm electromyographic activity (EMG) (surface electrodes), and transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen (Radiometer 44 degrees C).

Paradoxical inward rib cage motion during rapid eye movement sleep in infants and young children.

In neonates, rib cage motion on inspiration during rapid eye movement sleep is almost exclusively paradoxical. We wondered whether or not duration of paradoxical inward rib cage motion on inspiration during rapid eye movement sleep decreases in infancy and early childhood. Thirteen healthy infants from 7 to 31 months of age were tested during natural afternoon naps.

Lung function of children treated for malignant extrapulmonary tumors.

Lung function was studied in 29 children suffering from extrapulmonary tumors of varying etiology (Wilm's tumor, n = 7; bone malignancy, n = 17; nasopharyngeal epithelioma, n = 5). Lung volume: vital capacity (VC) and functional residual capacity (FRC), lung mechanics: lung resistance (RL), dynamic lung compliance (CLdyn) and static lung compliance (CLstat) and lung transfer factor for CO (TLCO), and blood gases were determined at different stages of therapy: at t0, before any aggressive treatment for respiratory function; at t1, after the initiation of polychemotherapy with or without local tumoral treatment (surgery or local irradiation); at t2, less than 6 months after onset of thoracopulmonary irradiation (whole lung irradiation at 20 grays) (group I), or local thoracopulmonary irradiation at high exposure greater than 40 grays (group II); at t3 after more than 6 months following irradiation with chemotherapy maintained; at t4, after cessation of all treatment (mean: 25 months +/- 14 after cessation of treatment). At t0, lung function data in children without pulmonary metastases did not deviate from predicted values.