Short- and Medium-Term Outcomes Comparison of Native- and Valve-in-Valve TAVI Procedures.

Background: In high-risk patients with degenerated aortic bioprostheses, valve-in-valve (ViV) transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has emerged as a less invasive alternative to surgical valve replacement. To compare outcomes of ViV and native valve (NV) TAVI procedures.

Methods: 34 aortic ViV-TAVI performed between 2012 and 2022 using self-expanding valves, were included in this retrospective analysis.

Cytokine Signaling in Pediatric Kidney Tumor Cell Lines WT-CLS1, WT-3ab and G-401.

Renal tumors comprise ~7% of all malignant pediatric tumors. Approximately 90% of pediatric kidney tumors comprise Wilms tumors, and the remaining 10% include clear cell sarcoma of the kidney, malignant rhabdoid tumor of the kidney, renal cell carcinoma and other rare renal tumors. Over the last 30 years, the role of cytokines and their receptors has been considerably investigated in both cancer progression and anti-cancer therapy.

Reflecting the human lip in vitro: Cleft lip skin and mucosa keratinocytes keep their identities.

Objectives: Cell models have shown great promise as tools for research, potentially providing intriguing alternatives to animal models. However, the original tissue characteristics must be maintained in culture, a fact that is often assumed, but seldom assessed. We aimed to follow the retention of the original tissue identities of cleft lip-derived skin and mucosa keratinocytes in vitro.

Long-term pulmonary outcome of children with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: functional lung MRI using matrix-pencil decomposition enables side-specific assessment of lung function.

Objectives: In patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) the exact functional outcome of the affected lung side is still unknown, mainly due to the lack of spatially resolved diagnostic tools. Functional matrix-pencil decomposition (MP-) lung MRI fills this gap as it measures side-specific ventilation and perfusion. We aimed to assess the overall and side-specific pulmonary long-term outcomes of patients with CDH using lung function tests and MP-MRI.

Natural Lipid Extracts as an Artificial Membrane for Drug Permeability Assay: In Vitro and In Silico Characterization.

In vitro non-cellular permeability models such as the parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA) are widely applied tools for early-phase drug candidate screening. In addition to the commonly used porcine brain polar lipid extract for modeling the blood-brain barrier's permeability, the total and polar fractions of bovine heart and liver lipid extracts were investigated in the PAMPA model by measuring the permeability of 32 diverse drugs. The zeta potential of the lipid extracts and the net charge of their glycerophospholipid components were also determined.

Elevated Fasting Glucose and C-Reactive Protein Levels Predict Increased All-Cause Mortality after Elective Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.

Surgical aortic valve replacement in the elderly is now being supplanted by transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Scoring systems to predict survival after catheter-based procedures are understudied. Both diabetes (DM) and underlying inflammatory conditions are common in patients undergoing TAVI, but their impact remains understudied in this patient group.

The First Two Years of the Association of Pediatric Surgery Training Program Directors (APSTPD) Transition to Fellowship Course: Lessons Learned and Future Directions.

Objective: The first transition to fellowship course for incoming pediatric surgery fellows was held in the US in 2018 and the second in 2019. The course aimed to facilitate a successful transition in to fellowship by introduction of the professional, patient care, and technical aspects unique to pediatric surgery training. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the first two years of this course in the US and discuss subsequent evolution of this endeavor.

[Transcatheter aortic valve replacement – 10 years experience at Gottsegen György National Cardiovascular Center in Hungary].

Unlabelled: Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: A transzkatéteres aortaműbillentyű-beültetés (TAVI) az idős, súlyos aortastenosisban szenvedő, multimorbid, magas műtéti kockázattal rendelkező betegek esetében javasolt a szívsebészeti aortaműbillentyű-beültetés alternatívájaként. Célkitűzés: Jelen munkánkban az intézetünkben elindult TAVI-program első 10 éve alatt elvégzett 463, TAVI-n átesett beteg rövid és hosszú távú eredményeit tekintjük át és értékeljük.

The prognostic value of immediate post-TAVI hemodynamic evaluation is superior to aortography and transoesophageal echocardiography in predicting patient survival.

Background: Although post-TAVI PAR is commonly seen, its exact evaluation, grading and the true impact on patients' survival are still debated. This single center study aimed to evaluate the effect of post transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) paravalvular aortic regurgitation (PAR) on patients' survival. The outcome was evaluated by the three most commonly used techniques just after TAVI in the interventional arena.

Kilogram scale chemical synthesis of 2'-fucosyllactose.

A scalable synthetic procedure to high quality 2'-fucosyllactose, the most abundant oligosaccharide in human breast milk, has been designed and validated in kilogram scale. The synthetic route has been developed to suit industrial environment and contains only a single chromatographic purification step.

[The first 200 transcatheter aortic valve implantations in the Gottsegen Gyorgy Institute of Cardiology, Hungary].

Introduction: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation is a therapeutic alternative for contraindicated and high surgical risk patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis. This intervention is part of daily routine in the Institute of the authors.

Aim: In the present work the results of the first 200 patients are discussed.

Design of an α-L-transfucosidase for the synthesis of fucosylated HMOs.

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are recognized as benefiting breast-fed infants in multiple ways. As a result, there is growing interest in the synthesis of HMOs mimicking their natural diversity. Most HMOs are fucosylated oligosaccharides.

Novel efficient routes to indoxyl glycosides for monitoring glycosidase activities.

A new efficient synthesis for broad access to indoxyl glycosides was developed. Indoxylic acid allyl ester linked to a sugar structure served as the key intermediate in this route. Selective ester cleavage and mild decarboxylation led to the corresponding indoxyl glycosides in good yields.

Solid-phase random glycosylation.

Two different approaches were employed to study solid phase random glycosylations to obtain oligosaccharide libraries. In approach I, Wang resin esters were attached to the acceptors structures. Following their glycosylation and resin cleavage, the peracetylated components of the oligosaccharide libraries were characterized.

Comparative solution and solid-phase glycosylations toward a disaccharide library.

A comparative study on solution-phase and solid-phase oligosaccharide synthesis was performed. A 16-member library containing all regioisomers of Glc-Glc, Glc-Gal, Gal-Glc, and Gal-Gal disaccharides was synthesized both in solution and on solid phase. The various reaction conditions for different approaches and corresponding yields are analyzed and discussed.

Synthesis of 4-O-glycosylated 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose and of 1,5-anhydro-D-tagatose from a common intermediate 2,3-O-isopropylidene-D-fructose.

Four novel disaccharides of glycosylated 1,5-anhydro-D-ketoses have been prepared: 1,5-anhydro-4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-D-fructose, 1,5-anhydro-4-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-D-fructose, 1,5-anhydro-4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-D-tagatose, and 1,5-anhydro-4-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-D-tagatose. The common intermediate, 1,5-anhydro-2,3-O-isopropylidene-beta-D-fructopyranose, was prepared from D-fructose and was converted into the D-tagatose derivative by oxidation followed by stereoselective reduction to the 4-epimer. The anhydroketoses thus prepared were glycosylated and deprotected to give the disaccharides.

The antibacterial substance taurolidine exhibits anti-neoplastic action based on a mixed type of programmed cell death.

The antibacterial amino-acid derivative taurolidine (TAU) has been recently shown to exhibit anti-neoplastic activity based on a mechanism, which is still unknown in detail. Cytotoxicity and clonogenic assays were performed and the impact of apoptosis modulators, a radical scavenger, autophagy inhibitors, silencing of apoptosis inducing actor (AIF) and cytochrome-c (Cyt-C) by siRNA, and knockdown of autophagy related genes were evaluated in vitro. The intracellular ATP-content, release of AIF and Cyt-C, and DNA-laddering were investigated.

1,5-anhydro-D-fructose from D-fructose.

1,5-anhydro-D-fructose was efficiently prepared from D-fructose via regiospecific 1,5-anhydro ring formation of 2,3-O-isopropylidene-1-O-methyl(tolyl)sulfonyl-D-fructopyranose and subsequent deprotection.

Synthesis of 1,4-anhydro-D-fructose and 1,4-anhydro-D-tagatose.

1,4-Anhydro-D-fructose and 1,4-anhydro-D-tagatose were prepared from 1,2-O-isopropylidene-D-glucofuranose via the common intermediate 3,5,6-tri-O-benzyl-D-glucitol. The title compounds may be interesting anti-oxidants and feature activities akin to their natural pyranoid counterpart, 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose.

[Adsorption of neutral polymers on liposomes: investigation of the correlation between liposomes and polymers].

The characteristics of the adsorption process of neutral polymers: poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(vinyl pyrrolidone), and dextrane onto liposomes with three different lipid compositions were investigated as follows. 1 determination of the amount of polymers adsorbed on the surface of liposomes, 2 detection of the changes in the membrane structure brought by the adsorption of polymers with a high precision densimeter, 3 test dye release experiments with membrane diffusion cells after remote loading of liposomes with acridine orange (AO). The amount of polymers adsorbed on the surface of liposomes was expressed with adsorption isotherms at 25 +/- 1 degrees C.

Novel liposaccharide conjugates for drug and peptide delivery.

Sugar-lipid conjugates with general structure 1-4 were prepared by coupling amino sugars with N-Boc-protected lipoamino acids and oligomers. Conjugates with general structure 5 were also prepared from glucuronic acid and methyl 2-aminohexadecanoate. The physicochemical properties of the conjugates were modified by varying the nature and number of sugars or the number of lipoamino acids or their alkyl chain length.