Acrometastasis of Lung Adenocarcinoma to the Fibula: A Report of a Rare Case.

Acrometastasis is an extremely rare diagnosis, invariably associated with poor prognosis. A 60-year-old female with complaints of cough and breathing difficulty also presented with pain and swelling in her left leg. Radiological investigations suggested a double primary in the lung and leg; histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) confirmed the lesion in the leg to be metastatic from the lung primary.

Accuracy of Narrow-Band Imaging-Guided Histopathology and Ki-67 Index in Head and Neck Carcinoma.

Unlabelled: As per Globocan 2012, every year the incidence of head and neck cancer is 683235/1000000 with a mortality of around 375665/1000000 thus being the sixth cause of cancer death throughout the world. Head and neck cancer includes cancer of the nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, and oral cavity. Early diagnosis of head and neck cancer is very challenging, hence detecting mucosal lesions at an early stage decreases mortality thereby improving overall survival, disease-free survival, and quality of life.

Geographical distribution of the Cryptococcus gattii species complex: a systematic review.

The taxonomy of the Cryptococcus gattii species complex continues to evolve, and has been divided into five pathogenic species. The objective of this systematic review was to summarise the geographical distribution of the C gattii species complex and the species within the C gattii species complex. We searched PubMed for articles related to human, animal, ecological, or laboratory-based studies of C gattii species complex isolates with traceable geographical origin published from January, 1970, until September, 2021.

Room Temperature, Twist Angle Independent, Momentum Direct Interlayer Excitons in van der Waals Heterostructures with Wide Spectral Tunability.

Interlayer excitons (IXs) in van der Waals heterostructures with static out of plane dipole moment and long lifetime show promise in the development of exciton based optoelectronic devices and the exploration of many body physics. However, these IXs are not always observed, as the emission is very sensitive to lattice mismatch and twist angle between the constituent materials. Moreover, their emission intensity is very weak compared to that of corresponding intralayer excitons at room temperature.

Machine Learning Approach to Study Social Determinants of Chronic Illness in India: A Comparative Analysis.

Background: Several studies on noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) have been carried out worldwide, the basis of most of which is the identification of risk factors-modifiable (or behavioral) and metabolic. Majority of the NCDs are due to sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, and behavior, which can be prevented to a great extent. Thus, it is a health challenge and a necessity to identify such factors of NCDs.

A review on the surface modification of materials for 3D-printed diagnostic devices.

Three-dimensional (3D) printing in tissue engineering and biosensing of analytes by using biocompatible materials or modifying surface structures is an upcoming area of study. This review discusses three common surface modification techniques, alkaline hydrolysis, UV light photografting, and plasma treatment. Alkaline hydrolysis involves the reaction of an alkaline solution with the surface of a material, causing the surface to develop carboxyl and hydroxyl groups.

Iodine Status, Thyroid Disorder and Feto-Maternal Outcome among the Tribal Pregnant Women of Eastern Himalayas.

Introduction: Iodine deficiency and thyroid disorder during pregnancy have adverse effects on fetal and neonatal outcomes.

Objective: To assess iodine status and thyroid functioning during pregnancy and to evaluate the feto-maternal outcome.

Methods: Urinary iodine content (UIC) is determined by arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry method and thyroid hormone analysis was carried out by chemiluminescence assay.

Drivers and potential distribution of anthrax occurrence and incidence at national and sub-county levels across Kenya from 2006 to 2020 using INLA.

Anthrax is caused by, Bacillus anthracis, a soil-borne bacterium that infects grazing animals. Kenya reported a sharp increase in livestock anthrax cases from 2005, with only 12% of the sub-counties (decentralised administrative units used by Kenyan county governments to facilitate service provision) accounting for almost a third of the livestock cases. Recent studies of the spatial extent of B.

The potential distribution of Bacillus anthracis suitability across Uganda using INLA.

To reduce the veterinary, public health, environmental, and economic burden associated with anthrax outbreaks, it is vital to identify the spatial distribution of areas suitable for Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of the disease. Bayesian approaches have previously been applied to estimate uncertainty around detected areas of B. anthracis suitability.

Modelling the ecological niche of naturally occurring anthrax at global and circumpolar extents using an ensemble modelling framework.

Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, is a spore-forming bacterium that primarily affects herbivorous livestock, wildlife and humans exposed to direct contact with infected animal carcasses or products. To date, there are a limited number of studies that have delineated the potential global distribution of anthrax, despite the importance of the disease from both an economic and public health standpoint. This study compiled occurrence data (n = 874) of confirmed human and animal cases from 1954 to 2021 in 94 countries.

Ecological Niche Model of Group Isolates Containing a Homologue of the pXO1 Anthrax Toxin Genes Infecting Metalworkers in the United States.

While typically causes opportunistic infections in humans, within the last three decades, severe and fatal infections caused by isolates of the group harboring anthrax toxin genes have been reported in the United States. From 1994 to 2020, seven cases of anthrax-like illness resulting from these isolates have been identified. With one exception, the cases have occurred in the Gulf States region of the United States among metalworkers.

Predictive Risk Mapping of Schistosomiasis in Madagascar Using Ecological Niche Modeling and Precision Mapping.

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) found throughout tropical and subtropical Africa. In Madagascar, the condition is widespread and endemic in 74% of all administrative districts in the country. Despite the significant burden of the disease, high-resolution risk maps have yet to be produced to guide national control programs.

Epidemiology, Genotyping, Mutational and Phylogenetic Analysis of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in North-east India.

Background/objective: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem globally. Northeast India is home to indigenous tribes with different ethnicity and high rates of drug abuse and HIV infection. The study was designed to estimate the burden of HBV infection across various spectrums of liver diseases from this region.

Distribution of tungiasis in latin America: Identification of areas for potential disease transmission using an ecological niche model.

Background: Tungiasis is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) found in Sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America. Despite the high frequency in marginalized populations, little information is available on the geography and estimates of the population at risk in endemic regions. Here we used a geostatistical model to map the potential geographic distribution of areas suitable for tungiasis transmission in Latin America and estimated the at-risk population.

Characterization of the gut microbes of greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella Linnaeus) shows presence of potential polymer degraders.

Greater wax moth (GWM), Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is a highly destructive honey bee pest prevalent throughout the world. It is considered as a major factor to the alarming decline in honey bee population. GWM destroys active honey combs as it feeds on the beeswax and lays eggs in bee hives, and the primary food of their larva is beeswax.

Genomic Diversity of Burkholderia pseudomallei in Ceara, Brazil.

is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes the sapronotic disease melioidosis. An outbreak in 2003 in the state of Ceara, Brazil, resulted in subsequent surveillance and environmental sampling which led to the recognition of as an endemic pathogen in that area. From 2003 to 2015, 24 clinical and 12 environmental isolates were collected across Ceara along with one from the state of Alagoas.

Expression pattern of ALDH1, E-cadherin, Vimentin and Twist in early and late onset sporadic colorectal cancer.

To evaluate the expression pattern of ALDH1 (aldehyde dehydrogenase 1), E-cadherin, Vimentin and Twist in early and late onset sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) and to study association of their expression with the occurrence of CRC at a young age. Immunohistochemistry of ALDH1, E-cadherin, Vimentin and Twist was performed on 103 pretreated CRC biopsy samples. ALDH1 expression was found to have strong correlation with early onset CRC (p < 0.

Mapping the Geographic Distribution of Tungiasis in Sub-Saharan Africa.

The geographic distribution of tungiasis is poorly understood, despite the frequent occurrence of the disease in marginalized populations of low socioeconomic status. To date, little work is available to define the geography of this neglected tropical disease (NTD). This exploratory study incorporated geostatistical modeling to map the suitability for tungiasis transmission in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

Production of pharmaceutical active recombinant globular adiponectin as a secretory protein in Withania Somnifera hairy root culture.

Among various in vitro plant culture systems, hairy root systems seem to be one of the most appealing methods of recombinant protein production due to their advantages in combining both whole-plant cultivation and suspension cell culture platform. This is a report on production and secretion of a recombinant pharmaceutically active protein from hairy roots cultures of Withania somnifera to improve the economic potential of this plant for the production pharmaceutical compounds. In this study, we selected and synthesized a codon-optimized globular adiponectin (gAd) gene with a calreticulin signal peptide and cloned the sequence into a plant expression binary vector containing a nptII gene as a selectable marker gene.

Genetic Polymorphisms Along with Dietary and Environmental Factors Enhance the Susceptibility to Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Nagaland of Northeast India.

This study investigated the association of seven widely known DNA repair gene polymorphisms (hOGG1 Ser326Cys, XRCC1 Arg194Trp, XRCC1 Arg280His, XRCC1 Arg399Gln, XPC Val499Ala, XPD Lys751Gln and ERCC1 Cys8092Ala) with dietary and environmental factors for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) susceptibility in Nagaland of Northeast India. The genotypes were determined in 128 NPC patients and 180 healthy controls by PCR-RFLP. XRCC1 Arg280His, XPC Val499Ala and ERCC1 Cys8092Ala were found to be associated with NPC risk.

The Geography of Farmworker Health in Colorado: An Examination of Disease Clusters and Healthcare Accessibility.

: Known by some as the "invisible" people because of their precarious work and low social status, migratory and seasonal farmworkers (MSFW) are a critical and underappreciated component to the agriculture industry in the United States. Despite advances in knowledge about the health needs of this population, identifying geographies of high-risk remains a challenging task for community health workers and farmworker advocacy organizations.: Using patient encounter data (2011-2015) from regional Community and Migrant Health Centers (C/MHC), this study investigates the geography of farmworker chronic disease (diabetes, obesity, hypertension) and associated risk factors (anxiety, stress, depression, tobacco use) in Northeastern Colorado through the lens of Geographic Information Science (GIS).

Carbon dots derived from water hyacinth and their application as a sensor for pretilachlor.

Recently,carbon-based nanomaterials have been attracted much interest among the scientific community due to its extraordinary properties and applications. Mostly the fluorescent carbon nanomaterials are prepared from commercially available precursors. In this work, develop a new strategy for producing carbon nanoparticles (carbon dots) using phosphoric acid as an activating agent from water hyacinth present in Assam, India.