In silico design and computational screening of berberine derivatives for potential antidiabetic activity through allosteric activation of the AMPK pathway.

Unlabelled: Globally, there is an increase in the prevalence of metabolic illnesses, including diabetes mellitus. However, current therapies for diabetes and other metabolic illnesses are not well understood. Pharmacological treatment of type 2 diabetes is challenging, moreover, the majority of antidiabetic medications are incompatible with individuals who have cardiac disease, renal illness, or liver damage.

Recent Advances in Marine-Derived Nanoformulation for the Management of Glioblastoma.

Glioma is the most common and aggressive type of central nervous system tumor as categorized by the World Health Organization. Glioblastoma (GBA), in general, exhibits a grim prognosis and short life expectancy, rarely exceeding 14 months. The dismal prognosis is primarily attributed to the development of chemoresistance to temozolomide, the primary therapeutic agent for GBA treatment.

TWEAK/Fn14 signalling driven super-enhancer reprogramming promotes pro-metastatic metabolic rewiring in triple-negative breast cancer.

Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive breast cancer subtype suffering from limited targeted treatment options. Following recent reports correlating Fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) receptor overexpression in Estrogen Receptor (ER)-negative breast cancers with metastatic events, we show that Fn14 is specifically overexpressed in TNBC patients and associated with poor survival. We demonstrate that constitutive Fn14 signalling rewires the transcriptomic and epigenomic landscape of TNBC, leading to enhanced tumour growth and metastasis.

AMPK pathway: an emerging target to control diabetes mellitus and its related complications.

Purpose: In this extensive review work, the important role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in causing of diabetes mellitus has been highlighted. Structural feature of AMPK as well its regulations and roles are described nicely, and the association of AMPK with the diabetic complications like nephropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy are also explained along with the connection between AMPK and β-cell function, insulin resistivity, mTOR, protein metabolism, autophagy and mitophagy and effect on protein and lipid metabolism.

Methods: Published journals were searched on the database like PubMed, Medline, Scopus and Web of Science by using keywords such as AMPK, diabetes mellitus, regulation of AMPK, complications of diabetes mellitus, autophagy, apoptosis etc.

Aberrant non-canonical NF-κB signalling reprograms the epigenome landscape to drive oncogenic transcriptomes in multiple myeloma.

In multiple myeloma, abnormal plasma cells establish oncogenic niches within the bone marrow by engaging the NF-κB pathway to nurture their survival while they accumulate pro-proliferative mutations. Under these conditions, many cases eventually develop genetic abnormalities endowing them with constitutive NF-κB activation. Here, we find that sustained NF-κB/p52 levels resulting from such mutations favours the recruitment of enhancers beyond the normal B-cell repertoire.

Association between Physical Fitness and Perceived Well-Being in Functionally Independent Community Dwelling Elderly of North-Eastern India.

Background: Regular physical activity helps in independent living, prevention of chronic health problems and quality of life in the elderly. The aim of the study is to determinewhether physical fitness is associated with multiple dimensions of well-being in the community dwelling elderly.

Materials And Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was undertaken to assess the physical fitness and perceived wellness in 400 elderly (≥65 years) subjects.

Validity and Test-retest Reliability of perceived Wellness Survey among Geriatric Population: A Community-based Study from North Eastern India.

Chronic illness and functional decline threaten elderly well-being. "Perceived Wellness Survey (PWS)," which measures psychosocial, physical, and intellectual well-being, may be appropriate for assessing the wellness of the geriatric population. This work has been planned to find out the validity and test-retest reliability of a PWS as a wellness-measuring tool for community-based elderly peopleMaterials and methods: This observational study was undertaken in the community was undertaken to assess PWS in 60 elderly individuals (≥65 years).

Transcriptional Regulation during Aberrant Activation of NF-κB Signalling in Cancer.

The NF-κB signalling pathway is a major signalling cascade involved in the regulation of inflammation and innate immunity. It is also increasingly recognised as a crucial player in many steps of cancer initiation and progression. The five members of the NF-κB family of transcription factors are activated through two major signalling pathways, the canonical and non-canonical pathways.

Nanoparticle-Based Delivery Systems for Vaccines.

Vaccination is still the most cost-effective way to combat infectious illnesses. Conventional vaccinations may have low immunogenicity and, in most situations, only provide partial protection. A new class of nanoparticle-based vaccinations has shown considerable promise in addressing the majority of the shortcomings of traditional and subunit vaccines.

The Delta and Omicron Variants of SARS-CoV-2: What We Know So Far.

The world has not yet completely overcome the fear of the havoc brought by SARS-CoV-2. The virus has undergone several mutations since its initial appearance in China in December 2019. Several variations (i.

A rendezvous technique using laparoscopy and cystoscopy to remove transmigrated intrauterine contraceptive device from abdomen and urinary bladder.

Intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCDs) are the most commonly used reversible contraceptive methods. Uterine perforation followed by transmigration is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication associated with the use of IUCDs. Perforation of the bladder by an IUCD is extremely rare.

Size matters! The largest wild stump-tailed macaque troop ever reported, located in the Hollongapar Gibbon Sanctuary, northeastern India.

Very large and stable, socially coherent primate groups, not including fission-fusion societies, are usually rare in nature, owing to constraints imposed by various ecological and social factors. Moreover, unlike species in open habitats, those in forests tend to have smaller groups, and this becomes further accentuated in small and fragmented forest patches. We report here an unusually large troop of stump-tailed macaques from the Hollongapar Gibbon Sanctuary, a small and isolated lowland tropical rainforest patch in the Upper Brahmaputra Valley of northeastern India - this is possibly the largest wild group of the species recorded anywhere across its distribution range.

Laparoscopic-assisted transjejunal endoscopic management of intrahepatic calculi and anastomotic stricture in a patient with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy.

Management of complications in patients with Roux-en-Y reconstruction is still today an important surgical and endoscopic challenge. Various techniques have been employed to manage biliary strictures and intrahepatic calculi in patients with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy (RYHJ). We report the case of a 24-year-old female who had undergone RYHJ reconstruction 3 years back for choledochal cyst, admitted with the diagnosis of obstructive jaundice due to anastomotic stricture and multiple hepatic duct calculi.

Heat stress induced arginylation of HuR promotes alternative polyadenylation of Hsp70.3 by regulating HuR stability and RNA binding.

Arginylation was previously found to promote stabilization of heat shock protein 70.3 (Hsp70.3) mRNA and cell survival in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) on exposure to heat stress (HS).

Thresholdless Detection of Symbols in Nano-Communication Systems.

Molecular communication (MC) can play an indispensable role in nanonetworking and internet of bio-nano things based applications. In most MC receivers, the detection of data symbols requires the optimal threshold, which depends on the accurate diffusion channel impulse response (DCIR), and statistics of noise and interference (SNI). In order to estimate these parameters, a training phase must be carried out.

Comparative analysis of Naja kaouthia venom from North-East India and Bangladesh and its cross reactivity with Indian polyvalent antivenoms.

Naja kaouthia is one of the most prevalent medically important snakes of North East India and Bangladesh responsible for most of the bite cases. In this study, an attempt was made to decipher venom variation of Naja kaouthia venom from North East India and Bangladesh. Using multidimensional methods including reverse phase HPLC, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (1D-PAGE) and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE), the quantitative differences in venom composition have been revealed.

Janus nanoparticles for contrast enhancement of T-T dual mode magnetic resonance imaging.

The accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning can be improved using a multifunctional nanosystem having T1-T2 dual contrast enhancement. Specifically, the combination of both T1 and T2 effects in a single system helps in acquiring cross validated information during dual mode MRI and reduces the required dose. In this study, polyethylene glycol (PEG) stabilized MnFe2O4@MnO Janus nanoparticles were developed as novel dual-mode MR imaging agents.

Arginylation regulates adipogenesis by regulating expression of PPARγ at transcript and protein level.

Protein modification by arginylation regulates protein stability, function and interaction. The loss of arginylation disrupts a diverse set of fundamental cellular processes from proliferation to death. In the current study, role of arginylation in cell differentiation is investigated.

On the influence of Raman scattering of water in the photoluminescence measurement of water dispersed ZnO nanocrystals.

We present our investigation on the photoluminescence properties of water dispersed ZnO nanocrystals at various excitation wavelengths, and show that one peak in the emission spectrum (recorded by spectrofluorometer) changes its position when the excitation wavelength is changed. The relationship between the peak position and the excitation wavelength is found to be linear. Recording of the emission spectra (by spectrofluorometer) of water at different excitation wavelengths reveals that the linearly varying peak is present in them as well.

Indian psychiatric society multicentric study: Correlates of prescription patterns of psychotropics in India.

Background: There is a lack of information on the clinical and sociodemographic correlates of prescription of psychotropics by psychiatrists.

Aim And Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship of prescription patterns with various clinical and sociodemographic variables.

Methodology: Data of prescription patterns, psychiatric diagnosis, sociodemographic variables, and comorbid physical illnesses were collected for 4480 patients, across 11 centers.

Protein arginylation regulates cellular stress response by stabilizing HSP70 and HSP40 transcripts.

ATE1-mediated post-translational addition of arginine to a protein has been shown to regulate activity, interaction, and stability of the protein substrates. Arginylation has been linked to many different stress conditions, namely ER stress, cytosolic misfolded protein stress, and nitrosative stress. However, clear understanding about the effect of arginylation in cellular stress responses is yet to emerge.

Glycine gated spiking inhibitory postsynaptic membrane at the synaptic cleft.

Background: Enzyme modified field effect transistor (ENFET) may be used to represent the variable conductance of transmitter-gated ion channels in the postsynaptic region of the neuron.

Purpose: The objective of this work is to develop a simple analog circuit model that can simulate the function of neurotransmitter glycine gated ion channels of postsynaptic membrane at the synaptic cleft.

Methods: In this paper, Glycine sensitive ENFET is incorporated into the Hodgkin-Huxley (H-H) circuit model of the postsynaptic membrane at the synaptic cleft.