Enhanced low-concentration phosphate adsorption using magnetic UiO-66@FeO composite with potential linker exchange.

A magnetic FeUiO-66 adsorbent was created to achieve high phosphate adsorption capacity. The incorporation of FeO facilitated the precipitation and growth of UiO-66 during crystallization, resulting in a shift towards a multilayer heterogeneous distribution of adsorption sites. The increased FeO content notably enhanced the magnetic properties of FeUiO-66, while negligibly affecting its adsorption performance.

Use of membrane transport models to design cryopreservation procedures for oocytes.

Oocyte cryopreservation is increasingly being used in reproductive technologies for conservation and breeding purposes. Further development of oocyte cryopreservation techniques requires interdisciplinary insights in the underlying principles of cryopreservation. This review aims to serve this purpose by: (1) highlighting that preservation strategies can be rationally designed, (2) presenting mechanistic insights in volume and osmotic stress responses associated with CPA loading strategies and cooling, and (3) giving a comprehensive listing of oocyte specific biophysical membrane characteristics and commonly used permeation model equations.

Laser Welding of Titanium/Steel Bimetallic Sheets with In Situ Formation of Fe(CoCrNiMn)Ti High-Entropy Alloys in Weld Metal.

Due to the notable disparities in the physical and chemical characteristics between titanium and steel, the direct fusion of titanium/steel bimetallic sheets results in a considerable formation of fragile intermetallic compounds, making it difficult to achieve excellent metallurgical welded joints. In this study, a multi-principal powder of CoCrNiMn was designed and utilized as a filler material in the welding of the TA1/Q345 bimetallic sheet. It was expected that the in situ formation of Fe(CoCrNiMn)Ti high-entropy alloys would be achieved using the filler powders, combined with the Ti and Fe elements from the melting of the TA1 and Q345 so as to restrain the generation of Fe-Ti IMCs and obtain the promising welded joints of the TA1/Q345 bimetallic sheet.

Cooling dynamics of droplets exposed to solid surface freezing and vitrification.

Solid surface freezing or vitrification (SSF/SSV) can be done by depositing droplets of a sample, e.g., cells in a preservation solution, onto a pre-cooled metal surface.

Enhanced Hardness-Toughness Balance Induced by Adaptive Adjustment of the Matrix Microstructure in In Situ Composites.

With the development of high-speed and heavy-haul railway transportation, the surface failure of rail turnouts has become increasingly severe due to insufficient high hardness-toughness combination. In this work, in situ bainite steel matrix composites with WC primary reinforcement were fabricated via direct laser deposition (DLD). With the increased primary reinforcement content, the adaptive adjustments of the matrix microstructure and in situ reinforcement were obtained at the same time.

Investigating the Activation Mechanism Differences between Human and Mouse cGAS by Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) has been widely investigated as a drug target for its crucial role in innate immunity. However, the inhibitors designed using mouse model were often shown to be ineffective for humans. This outcome indicates that the activation mechanisms of human and mouse cGAS (mcGAS) are different.

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy coupled with machine learning classification for identification of oxidative damage in freeze-dried heart valves.

Freeze-drying can be used to ensure off-the-shelf availability of decellularized heart valves for cardiovascular surgery. In this study, decellularized porcine aortic heart valves were analyzed by nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) staining and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to identify oxidative damage during freeze-drying and subsequent storage as well as after treatment with HO and FeCl. NBT staining revealed that sucrose at a concentration of at least 40% (w/v) is needed to prevent oxidative damage during freeze-drying.

high-throughput droplet vitrification of stallion sperm using permeating cryoprotective agents.

Stallion sperm is typically cryopreserved using low cooling rates and low concentrations of cryoprotective agents (CPAs). The inevitable water-to-ice phase transition during cryopreservation is damaging and can be prevented using vitrification. Vitrification requires high cooling rates and high CPA concentrations.

Transport processes in equine oocytes and ovarian tissue during loading with cryoprotective solutions.

Background: Rational design of cryopreservation strategies for oocytes and ovarian cortex tissue requires insights in the rate at which cryoprotective agents (CPA) permeate and concomitant water transport takes place. The aim of the current study was to investigate possible differences in permeation kinetics of different CPAs (i.e.