The effects of L-carnitine and fructose in improved Ham's F10 on sperm culture in idiopathic severe asthenospermia within 24h.

To study the effects of L-carnitine and fructose on semen parameters of severe asthenospermia patients by sperm culturing in vitro within 24h. We optimized the energy composition and antioxidant substances of sperm culture medium in vitro (based on Ham's F10 culture medium) by orthogonal test for preparing high quality culture medium. Sperms of 60 patients with idiopathic severe asthenospermia were collected, and cultured in vitro within 24h, by Ham's F10 culture medium added to different concentrations of L-carnitine and fructose and culture temperature, whose effects on sperm motility were observed to determine which is the most appropriate concentration and temperature.

The efficacy and safety of monoclonal antibody therapies for interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of monoclonal antibody therapies (MATs) for interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS).

Methods: A systematic search was conducted across databases including PubMed, Embase, clinicalTrial.gov, and the Cochrane Library Central Register of Controlled Trials.

[Research on the anti-tumor effects of CRYAB in prostate cancer].

Objective: To explore the relationship between CRYAB and the prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa) as well as the potential mechanism.

Methods: Bioinformatics analysis was performed using R software, including differential gene expression and clinical correlation analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Kaplan-Meier (KM) curve generation. Gene expression was detected using RT-qPCR, and protein expression was validated using Western Blot.

Case report and literature review of rezvilutamide in the treatment of hormone-sensitive prostate cancer.

Background: Prostate cancer represents a major health concern worldwide, with the treatment of metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) and locally advanced prostate cancer posing a particular challenge. Rezvilutamide, a new androgen receptor antagonist from China, has shown early promise; however, its real-world effectiveness and safety profile require further evidence. This case series evaluates the preliminary clinical outcomes of rezvilutamide in combination with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), focusing on PSA response and radiological findings across various stages of prostate cancer in four patients.

BCL6 is required for the thymic development of TCRαβCD8αα intraepithelial lymphocyte lineage.

TCRαβCD8αα intraepithelial lymphocytes (CD8αα αβ IELs) are a specialized subset of T cells in the gut epithelium that develop from thymic agonist selected IEL precursors (IELps). The molecular mechanisms underlying the selection and differentiation of this T cell type in the thymus are largely unknown. Here, we found that deficiency in αβ T cells resulted in the near absence of CD8αα αβ IELs.

The correlation between clinical features and ultrastructure of testis of non-mosaic Klinefelter's syndrome patients with hypogonadism and androgen deficiency: A case report.

Background: Klinefelter Syndrome (KS) is a sex chromosomal syndrome usually with an extra X chromosome (47, XXY) in males, which has various phenotype (mosaicism 47, XXY/46, XY, or more chromosomes 48, XXXY, 49, XXXXY) and clinical features, including eunuchoid body proportions, abnormally long legs and arm span, gynecomastia, ynecomastia, absent or decreased facial and pubic hair, small hyalinized testes, small penis, below-normal verbal intelligence quotient, and learning difficulties. At present, there are no studies on the correlation between the clinical characteristics of patients with KS and the ultrastructural changes of intracellular organelles in testicular tissue in China.

Case Presentation: Here we report the ultrastructure manifestation of the testis tissues in a KS patient with hypogonadism and androgen deficiency, to find a relationship between ultrastructural changes of organelles and spermatogenic dysfunction, clinical features, timing of surgery and metabolic abnormalities.

A novel genes-based signature with prognostic value and predictive ability to select patients responsive to Atezolizumab treatment in bladder cancer: an analysis on data from real-world studies.

Background: There is a lack of molecular markers that effectively predict response to treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with uroepithelial bladder carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to explore molecular markers that effectively predict the efficacy of Atezolizumab in the treatment of uroepithelial bladder carcinoma based on real-world clinical trial data.

Methods: Gene expression and clinical information of two groups of patients in two datasets, IMvigor210 and GSE176307, who were treated effectively and ineffectively with the programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor Atezolizumab, were obtained.

Multiparametric MRI radiomics in prostate cancer for predicting Ki-67 expression and Gleason score: a multicenter retrospective study.

Purpose: Prostate cancer (PCa) with high Ki-67 expression and high Gleason Scores (GS) tends to have aggressive clinicopathological characteristics and a dismal prognosis. In order to predict the Ki-67 expression status and the GS in PCa, we sought to construct and verify MRI-based radiomics signatures.

Methods And Materials: We collected T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) images from 170 PCa patients at three institutions and extracted 321 original radiomic features from each image modality.

A -element at the locus regulates the development of type 3 innate lymphoid cells.

Background: As an important early source of IL-17A and IL-22 in immune responses, type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are critically regulated by the transcription factor retinoic-acid-receptor-related orphan receptor gamma t (RORγt). Previously, we have identified a crucial role of the conserved non-coding sequence 9 (CNS9), located at +5,802 to +7,963 bp of the gene, in directing T helper 17 differentiation and related autoimmune disease. However, whether -acting elements regulate RORγt expression in ILC3s is unknown.

Effects of L-carnitine Administration on Sperm and Sex Hormone Levels in a Male Wistar Rat Reproductive System Injury Model in a High-Altitude Hypobaric Hypoxic Environment.

The plateau environment impacts male reproductive function, causing decreased sperm quality and testosterone levels. L-carnitine can improve the semen microenvironment. However, the role of L-carnitine in a high-altitude environment remains unclear.

Clinical Efficacy of PD-1 Inhibitors Plus Split-Course Radiotherapy in the First-Line Treatment of Advanced Kidney Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To assess the clinical efficacy of programmed death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors plus split-course radiotherapy in the first-line treatment of advanced kidney cancer.

Methods: In this prospective, randomized, single-blinded, controlled trial, 44 patients with advanced kidney cancer initially treated in our hospital from January 2017 to December 2018 were recruited. They were concurrently and randomly assigned at a ratio of 1 : 1 to the control group and the study group, with 22 cases in each group.

Interactions of circRNAs with methylation: An important aspect of circRNA biogenesis and function (Review).

Circular RNA (circRNA) molecules are noncoding RNAs with unique circular covalently closed structures that contribute to gene expression regulation, protein translation and act as microRNA sponges. circRNAs also have important roles in human disease, particularly tumorigenesis and antitumor processes. Methylation is an epigenetic modification that regulates the expression and roles of DNA and coding RNA and their interactions, as well as of noncoding RNA molecules.

Role of Hub Genes in the Occurrence and Development of Testicular Cancer Based on Bioinformatics.

Background: Testicular cancer severely affects male health, so finding effective diagnosis and prognostic indicators and exploring its pathogenesis are very important.

Purpose: This study aims to explore the hub genes that play important roles in the occurrence and development of testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT).

Methods: Data were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus datasets (GSE3218 and GSE1818) and verified in The Cancer Genome Atlas database and the Genotype-Tissue Expression database and the Human Protein Atlas database.

Progress in diagnosis of bone metastasis of prostate cancer.

The diagnosis of bone metastasis of prostate cancer (PC) is of great significance to the treatment and prognosis of patients with PC.Bone scan is the most commonly used in the early diagnosis of bone metastasis, but its specificity is low and there is a high false positive.In recent years, with the in-depth study of the application of CT, MRI, emission computed tomography (ECT), positron emission computed tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and deep learning algorithm-convolutional neural networks (CNN) in the diagnosis of bone metastasis, the combined application of various auxiliary parameters in the diagnosis of bone metastasis has significantly been improved.

[Establishment of a model of reproductive system injury in male Wistar rats in high-altitude hypoxia environment].

Objective: To establish a model of reproductive system injury in male rats at high altitude using the low-pressure hypoxic animal laboratory and study the changes in the testicular tissue, semen parameters, blood gas and oxidative stress in male rats at different altitudes.

Methods: Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to be raised on the plains (the plains group, n = 20), at an altitude of 4 000 m (the plateau model group Ⅰ, n = 20), or at an altitude of 6 000 m (the plateau model group Ⅱ, n = 20) for a spermatogenic cycle of 14 days. After establishment of the model of high-altitude reproductive system injury, the testis tissues of the rats were harvested for HE staining and observed for histopathological changes under the light microscope, and their epididymedes collected for preparation of sperm suspension and detection of sperm motility, sperm count and the percentage of morphologically abnormal sperm (MAS).

Roles of circRNAs in prostate cancer: Expression, mechanism, application and potential.

Circular RNA (circRNA) is a member of the non-coding RNA family that is formed by trans-splicing. Because of its unique structure and characteristics, it has extraordinary value for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of diseases, particularly for tumors. Study of the role of circRNAs in the occurrence and development of prostate cancer has made considerable progress, but many areas remain that require further exploration and improvement.

The Conserved Non-coding Sequences CNS6 and CNS9 Control Cytokine-Induced Rorc Transcription during T Helper 17 Cell Differentiation.

RORγt is the lineage-specific transcription factor for T helper 17 (Th17) cells whose upregulation in developing Th17 cells is critically regulated by interleukin-6 (IL-6) and TGF-β, the molecular mechanisms of which remain largely unknown. Here we identified conserved non-coding sequences (CNSs) 6 and 9 at the Rorc gene, essential for its expression during Th17 cell differentiation but not required for RORγt expression in innate lymphocytes and γδ T cells. Mechanistically, the IL-6-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) axis appeared to be largely dependent on CNS9 and only partially on CNS6 in controlling RORγt expression and epigenetic activation of the Rorc locus.

Cyclic AMP-Responsive Element-Binding Protein (CREB) is Critical in Autoimmunity by Promoting Th17 but Inhibiting Treg Cell Differentiation.

The molecular mechanisms that govern differential T cell development into pro-inflammatory Th17 vs. regulatory T (Treg) cells remain unclear. Here, we show that selective deletion of CREB in T cells or Th17 cells impaired Th17 cell differentiation in vitro and in vivo, and led to resistance to autoimmune diseases.

Theoretical study of the mechanism of the N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed cyclotetramerization of acrylates.

A theoretical study of the N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed cyclotetramerization of acrylates forming trisubstituted cyclopentenones indicates a mechanism through a key deoxy-Breslow intermediate generated from one molecule of NHC and two molecules of methyl acrylate (MA). Pathways involving different proton-transfer (α or β) and the role of a tert-butoxide ( (t) BuO(-)) group were investigated.

[Mutation screening of VHL gene in a Chinese family with nonsyndromic pheochromocytoma].

Objective: To detect the VHL gene mutations in a Chinese family with nonsyndromic pheochromocytoma.

Methods: Mutations of VHL gene were detected in a Chinese family with nonsyndromic pheochromocytoma. Five patients and fifteen relatives were involved in this study.