Publications by authors named "Dehghani A"
The term "neuroenhancement" describes the enhancement of cognitive function associated with deficiencies resulting from a specific condition. Nevertheless, there is currently no agreed-upon definition for the term "neuroenhancement", and its meaning can change based on the specific research being discussed. As humans, our continual pursuit of expanding our capabilities, encompassing both cognitive and motor skills, has led us to explore various tools.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: There is no definitive solution for the treatment of striae distensae (SD), and effectiveness of each treatment method remains controversial. We aimed to investigate and compare the efficacy of the combination of Erbium YAG (Er:YAG) laser and stromal vascular fraction (SVF), the combination of Er:YAG laser and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and Er:YAG laser plus saline in the treatment of SD.
Materials And Methods: In 12 participating patients with at least three lesions (36 lesions in total), each lesion was treated with an Er:YAG laser.
Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the complications of diabetes. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of curcumin-piperine on laboratory factors and macular vascular in DR.
Materials And Methods: The present study was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-arm clinical trial that was conducted on 60 patients with DR aged 30-65 years.
In this study, chitosan/curcumin (CS/Cur) and chitosan/papain (CS/Pa) nanoparticles were prepared and then characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential light scattering (DLS). Subsequently, release rate, porosity, swelling, degradability, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, and cell viability tests were conducted to investigate and compare the healing potential of the nanoparticles for various types of wounds. The results of FTIR, XRD, and DLS indicated that the nanoparticles were manufactured correctly with a hydrodynamic diameter of 429 nm (CS/Cur) and 460 nm (CS/Pa), and zeta potential of 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease worldwide, particularly among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Early detection and intervention are crucial in slowing the progression of DN and improving patient outcomes. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as the measurement of albuminuria and serum creatinine, often fail to detect early renal damage because structural kidney damage may occur before albumin excretion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: According to the WHO report and evaluations, Iran has a moderate prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). The present study evaluates Iran's IDA prevention and control policies by analysing the agenda-setting policy using the multiple streams framework (MSF).
Methods: The present study used Kingdon's MSF model to analyse policies related to IDA in Iran qualitatively.
Ureteral stent migration should be considered a rare complication of urologic procedures. We report a 69-year-old woman diagnosed with ureteral stent migration two weeks after undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy while she was symptom-free. The stent passed through the heart and extended to the superior vena cava and right brachiocephalic vein.
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- This systematic review analyzed obesity and overweight prevalence in Iran, utilizing data from various scientific databases.
- The overall prevalence among the Iranian population was found to be 18.38% for overweight and 10.91% for obesity, with higher rates in children and adolescents than in adults.
- The study highlights the need for urgent public health interventions, particularly as obesity trends are rising, and suggests that policymakers should implement preventive measures.
Background: We aimed to explore the association between peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (pRNFL), macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL), and cognitive impairment (CI) in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD).
Method: In this cross-sectional study, 38 (28 aquaporin-4 (AQP4) IgG-seropositive) NMOSD patients and 20 healthy controls (HC) underwent cognitive assessment using Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Function in Multiple Sclerosis (MACFIMS) battery. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed for both eyes of all NMOSD patients.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates how synbiotic supplements can help reduce allergic asthma symptoms in offspring exposed to environmental cigarette smoke and house-dust mites.
- - Researchers found that pups from mothers exposed to cigarette smoke had increased lung resistance and elevated immune markers, indicating worse asthma symptoms, but synbiotics helped improve these conditions.
- - By promoting healthy gut bacteria, synbiotic intervention in early life showed promise in reducing allergic reactions and suggests a potential strategy for preventing allergies in children affected by pollution.
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of eplerenone in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) patients in a clinical trial design.
Methods: In this double-blind clinical trial, naive acute. CSCR patients were divided into two groups: treatment with eplerenone 25 mg daily in the 1 week followed by 50 mg for the next 3 weeks and placebo group.
Article Synopsis
- This study compares cryotherapy and electrosurgery methods for removing bothersome skin conditions like sebaceous hyperplasia and cherry angioma.
- Conducted as an assessor-blind trial with 32 lesions in each treatment group, it assessed patient and physician satisfaction over several follow-up visits.
- Results indicated that while electrosurgery showed higher satisfaction for most conditions, cryotherapy was more effective for treating seborrheic keratosis; some side effects like hypopigmentation were observed in both methods.
A Successful Case of Intervention for Traumatic Central Retinal Artery Occlusion.
Case Rep Ophthalmol
October 2024
Introduction: Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a serious ophthalmic disease predominantly affecting older individuals with cardiovascular risk factors. While most cases are attributed to thrombus formation from atheromatous plaques or cardioembolic events, trauma-related CRAO, though rare, presents unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
Case Presentation: A 47-year-old woman with multiple controlled comorbidities presented to the emergency department with right eye pain and erythema following a traumatic injury involving a knitting needle.
Article Synopsis
- This study focuses on evaluating preparedness tools for responding to chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) incidents specifically in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.
- An online survey involving disaster medicine experts helped assess the effectiveness of CBRN response flowcharts, training scenarios, and preparedness assessment tools through statistical methods and AI techniques.
- Results showed strong agreement among experts on the validity of these tools, indicating they can effectively enhance response strategies for CBRN incidents across various regions.
This study investigated the effect of plyometric training with and without additional load on young male soccer players' jumping ability and isokinetic strength. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 39 U-17 male trained soccer players were randomly divided into plyometric training with additional load (PT+AL), plyometric training with just bodyweight (PTBW) and control (CON) groups. PT+AL and PTBW were performed for six weeks (2 days/week).
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- The study investigates how diabetes and prediabetes relate to the risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD), considering factors like age, gender, lifestyle, and blood pressure.
- The research involved 4,063 participants aged 35 to 70 in Iran, assessing CKD prevalence using specific diagnostic criteria, revealing a CKD prevalence of 15.3%, with higher rates in diabetic individuals (29.6%).
- The findings highlight the need for early detection and management of CKD risk factors, especially for high-risk groups, to prevent CKD progression and improve health outcomes.
The basolateral amygdala (BLA) contains adrenergic receptors, which are known to be involved in stress, anxiety, and memory. The objective of this study was to explore whether inhibition of α-adrenergic receptors (by phentolamine, an α-adrenergic receptor antagonist) in the BLA can reduce foot-shock stress-induced anxiety-like behavior, memory deficits, and long-term potentiation (LTP) deficits within the CA1 region of the rat hippocampus. Forty male Wistar rats were assigned to the intact, control, stress (Str), Phent (phentolamine), and Phent + Str groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The present study is a type of exploratory qualitative studies and applied research. The approach of this study is a prospective policy analysis in which we will formulate appropriate policy options to prevent and control iron deficiency anemia in Iran.
Methods And Materials: Current study is a multi-method research with an analysis for policy approach containing three phases.
Article Synopsis
- A recent study examined a condition called "pure spinal" MS, which features demyelination mainly in the spinal cord, potentially responding well to disease-modifying treatments (DMT).
- Researchers analyzed data from around 8000 patients and identified 7 women with this condition, averaging 40 years old and having positive markers in their cerebrospinal fluid indicative of demyelination.
- Treatment with DMT resulted in reduced relapse rates and stabilization of symptoms in these patients, suggesting that pure spinal MS may merit further study and could lead to updates in diagnostic criteria for MS.
Background: Misinformation (infodemics) can hinder effective healthcare delivery. This study assessed Iranian healthcare workers' (HCWs) knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding infodemic management (IM).
Method: A cross-sectional survey using a self-reported questionnaire (KAPIM) distributed via convenience sampling to 1890 HCWs across all Iranian Medical Sciences Universities.
Article Synopsis
- Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome (HPS) is a rare genetic disorder with symptoms including oculocutaneous albinism, bleeding issues, and potential lung and bowel complications, linked to mutations in genes critical for cellular transport.
- The study specifically focuses on HPS-9, associated with a variant in the BLOC1S6 gene, highlighting a novel Copy Number Variation (CNV) found in an Iranian family, which contributes to the understanding of this subtype's genetic basis.
- Results from Whole Exome Sequencing revealed a significant deletion in the BLOC1S6 gene, confirming the absence of its expression in affected individuals, which has implications for patient healthcare and future treatment strategies.
Article Synopsis
- - STK11 adnexal tumours are rare malignant neoplasms associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, primarily arising from para-adnexal soft tissues and potentially affecting the fallopian tube and ovary; diagnosis currently involves identifying STK11 mutations.
- - Researchers conducted immunohistochemistry (IHC) on 122 tumours, including 17 STK11 adnexal tumours and 105 lookalikes; results showed that STK11 adnexal tumours had complete loss of STK11 protein expression, while other tumour types generally retained it.
- - The study concludes that STK11 serves as a sensitive and specific marker for distinguishing STK11 adnexal tumours
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive neuromodulatory technique with the potential to provide pain relief. However, tDCS effects on pain are variable across existing studies, possibly related to differences in stimulation protocols and expectancy effects. We investigated the independent and joint effects of contralateral motor cortex tDCS (anodal vs cathodal) and socially induced expectations (analgesia vs hyperalgesia) about tDCS on thermal pain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLongevity, the length of an organism's lifespan, is impacted by environmental factors, metabolic processes, and genetic determinants. The base excision repair (BER) pathway is crucial for maintaining genomic integrity by repairing oxidatively modified base lesions. Nei-like DNA Glycosylase 1 (NEIL1), part of the BER pathway, is vital in repairing oxidative bases in G-rich DNA regions, such as telomeres and promoters.
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