Dynamin-Related Protein 1 Orchestrates Inflammatory Responses in Periodontal Macrophages via Interaction With Hexokinase 1.

Aim: To explore the potential roles of mitochondrial dysfunction in the initiation of inflammation in periodontal macrophages and to determine the mechanism underlying the involvement of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) in macrophage inflammatory responses through its interaction with hexokinase 1 (HK1).

Materials And Methods: Gingival tissues were collected from patients diagnosed with periodontitis or from healthy volunteers. Drp1 tetramer formation and phosphorylation were analysed using western blot.

mtDNA Maintenance and Alterations in the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Considerable evidence indicates that the semiautonomous organelles mitochondria play key roles in the progression of many neurodegenerative disorders. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes components of the OXPHOS complex but mutated mtDNA accumulates in cells with aging, which mirrors the increased prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases. This accumulation stems not only from the misreplication of mtDNA and the highly oxidative environment but also from defective mitophagy after fission.

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy: A Potential Treatment Targeting Pathological Manifestations of Traumatic Brain Injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) makes up a large proportion of acute brain injuries and is a major cause of disability globally. Its complicated etiology and pathogenesis mainly include primary injury and secondary injury over time, which can cause cognitive deficits, physical disabilities, mood changes, and impaired verbal communication. Recently, mesenchymal stromal cell- (MSC-) based therapy has shown significant therapeutic potential to target TBI-induced pathological processes, such as oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Ion Channel Dysfunction in Astrocytes in Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Astrocytes play an important role in the central nervous system (CNS). Ion channels in these cells not only function in ion transport, and maintain water/ion metabolism homeostasis, but also participate in physiological processes of neurons and glial cells by regulating signaling pathways. Increasing evidence indicates the ion channel proteins of astrocytes, such as aquaporins (AQPs), transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive potassium (K-ATP) channels, and P2X7 receptors (P2X7R), are strongly associated with oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and characteristic proteins in neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Mitochondrial Behavior in Axon Degeneration and Regeneration.

Mitochondria are organelles responsible for bioenergetic metabolism, calcium homeostasis, and signal transmission essential for neurons due to their high energy consumption. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that mitochondria play a key role in axon degeneration and regeneration under physiological and pathological conditions. Mitochondrial dysfunction occurs at an early stage of axon degeneration and involves oxidative stress, energy deficiency, imbalance of mitochondrial dynamics, defects in mitochondrial transport, and mitophagy dysregulation.

Assessment of implant cumulative survival rates in sites with different bone density and related prognostic factors: an 8-year retrospective study of 2,684 implants.

Purpose: This retrospective study was set to explore the influence of local bone density (BD) on implant cumulative survival rates (ICSRs) and to assess prognostic factors associated with implant failure at sites with different BD.

Materials And Methods: Between January 2005 and December 2011, 2,684 implants were placed in 1,377 patients and included in the study. Implants at sites with different BD were divided into four groups (G1 to G4) according to the Lekholm and Zarb classification, corresponding to bone types 1 to 4.

Dormancy activation mechanism of oral cavity cancer stem cells.

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are targeted primarily at rapidly proliferating cancer cells and are unable to eliminate cancer stem cells in the G0 phase. Thus, these treatments cannot prevent the recurrence and metastasis of cancer. Understanding the mechanisms by which cancer stem cells are maintained in the dormant G0 phase, and how they become active is key to developing new cancer therapies.

[A clinical retrospective analysis of dental implants replaced in previously failed sites].

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcomes as well as related factors of dental implants replaced in previously failed sites.

Methods: A total of 12 patients (15 implants) who received replacement in previously failed sites during January 2005 to December 2011 were included. Outcomes of redo-implants were collected and clinical data was recorded and analyzed regarding risk factors related to redo-implants' survival using SPSS13.

[An assessment of different crown-to-implant ratio for implant teeth in the posterior region over 5 years].

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of crown-to-implant ratio (C/I ratio) on the results of restoration in the posterior region.

Methods: From January 2007 to January 2012,119 patients with 208 ITI implants in the posterior region were followed up for 6-66 months. Implant restorations were divided into three groups according to their respective clinical C/I ratios after noble porcelain-fused-to-mental crown restoration: C/I ≤1,1 View Article and Find Full Text PDF

[The antibacterial properties of Ca and Zn-containing coatings prepared with micro-arc oxidation].

Purpose: To prepare Ca and Zn-containing coatings using micro-arc oxidation on pure titanium surface and to investigate the coatings effect on S.mutans adhesion and morphology.

Methods: Five groups including low Ca-containing (L-Ca), high Ca-containing (H-Ca), low Zn-containing (L-Zn), medium Zn-containing (M-Zn), high Zn-containing (H-Zn) were prepared with micro-arc oxidation on titanium surface and machined commercial pure titanium (CP) was used as control group.

Free posterior tibial artery perforator flap for floor of mouth reconstruction: a case report.

In this report, we present a case with floor of mouth squamous cell carcinoma who underwent wide excision of tumor, a marginal mandibulectomy and bilateral selective neck dissections. A 7 cm × 4 cm fasciocutaneous flap based on a posterior tibial artery perforator (PTAP) from the left posterior leg was harvested to reconstruct a floor of the mouth defect. The donor-site defect was closed primarily.

[Preoperative Doppler evaluation of vascular perforators in the anterolateral thigh flap harvest].

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of Hadeco ES-1000spm hand-held doppler during the anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap harvest.

Methods: Twenty-five patients (26 sides) with ALT flaps for head and neck reconstruction between May 2005 and May 2010 received preoperative Doppler examination for the location of the cutaneous perforators of ALT flaps. The Doppler signals and body mass index (BMI) were recorded preoperatively according to ABC system.

Chemokine receptor 7 promotes cell migration and adhesion in metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck by activating integrin αvβ3.

The mechanisms leading to squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) metastasis are incompletely understood. Although evidence shows that the chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) and its ligand CCL19 may regulate tumor dissemination, their role in SCCHN is not clearly defined. CCR7 has been shown to regulate integrins, which facilitate adhesion of cancer cells to and/or migration through the extracellular matrix (ECM).

The chemokine receptor 7 regulates cell adhesion and migration via beta1 integrin in metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

Migration and adhesion of tumor cells are essential prerequisites for the formation of metastases in malignant diseases. Chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) has been shown to regulate integrin which can then facilitate adhesion of cancer cells to and/or migration through the extracellular matrix (ECM). In order to identify the connection between CCR7 and beta1 integrin, and the influence on cell adhesion and migration in metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN).

[Functional reconstruction of total lower lip defect with mental neurovascular V-Y advancement island flap.].

Objective: To introduce a method of functional reconstruction for total lower lip defects.

Methods: Six patients with lower lip cancer were treated by surgery from November 2007 to February 2009. The full thickness defects with a size from eighty percent to total lower lip were reconstructed with two triangular mental neurovascular island flaps of chin.

[Expression of Livin mRNA and protein in human oral squamous cell carcinoma].

Purpose: To investigate the expression of the newly found inhibitor of apoptosis protein Livinalpha and Livinbeta and their gene expression in human oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods: Twenty specimens of human squamous cell carcinoma(SCC), 15 cases of benign cysts, 10 cases of normal oral mucosal tissues adjacent to the cancerous lesions were examined. Polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcription (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysed were used to detect mRNA and protein expression of Livin, respectively.

[The expression of M-phase promoting factor in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma].

Purpose: To study the expression and clinical significance of M-phase promoting factor (MPF) in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC).

Methods: The expression of MPF was investigated in 40 salivary adenoid cystic carcinomas and 40 normal salivary tissues by immunohistochemistry. The expression of MPF was detected in SACC-83 and SACC-LM with Western blot.

[The expression and activity of protein kinase A I in oral squamous cell carcinoma].

Purpose: To detect the expression and distribution of protein kinase A I (PKA I) in oral squamous cell carcinoma as well as its clinicalpathological significance.

Methods: The expression of PKA I was investigated in 40 oral squamous cell carcinomas and 15 normal tissues by immunohistochemistry. The activity of PKAI was detected in 20 human oral squamous cell carcinomas and adjacent normal tissues with Western blot.