Feeding Faba Beans ( L.) Reduces Myocyte Metabolic Activity in Grass Carp ().

In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of faba bean ( L.) on the energy metabolism of grass carp (). A total of 180 fish (∼2900 g) were randomly assigned to six tanks (2.

Proteomic and metabolomic basis for improved textural quality in crisp grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus C.et V) fed with a natural dietary pro-oxidant.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulate metabolism and chemical composition of various tissues. To understand how ROS affect the textural quality of fish muscle, we performed a multi-omics analysis on an established crisp grass carp model fed with a natural pro-oxidant faba bean. ROS levels were systemically and significantly increased up to three-fold in crisp grass carp, improving the muscle texture.

Artificial substrata increase pond farming density of grass carp () by increasing the bacteria that participate in nitrogen and phosphorus cycles in pond water.

Aquaculture has become a primary method to produce various aquatic products, and intensive aquaculture technologies have become commercially important. To improve the efficiency of intensive aquaculture per unit area without reducing the growth rate of cultured fish, the present study explored the potential of artificial substrata in ponds. Our results showed that the concentrations of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorous (TP) in the ponds with different stocking densities of grass carp were lower than those in the control group in most cases.

Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of soft and firm grass carp muscle.

Fish muscle firmness is an important quality trait for consumer acceptance. Phosphorylation is known to change chemical and physical properties of proteins and is thus expected to affect muscle firmness, but only few such phosphoproteins have been identified. To explore phosphoproteins that affect fish muscle firmness, firm muscle (crisp grass carp) and soft muscle (ordinary grass carp) were analyzed by quantitative phosphoproteomics.

Hydrodynamics of an in-pond raceway system with an aeration plug-flow device for application in aquaculture: an experimental study.

An in-pond raceway system (IPRS) is an effective intensive aquaculture practice for regions with high water consumption and limited land resources. Water flow and dissolved oxygen (DO) are important for sustainable aquaculture. Several innovations have been made in IPRS design and operation to increase water exchange and DO concentration; one of these is the aeration plug-flow device (APFD).

Berberine Influences Blood Glucose via Modulating the Gut Microbiome in Grass Carp.

Berberine (BBR), an isoquinoline alkaloid, is a major pharmacological component of the Chinese herb , which has been listed in the Chinese Fisheries Pharmacopeia as a common drug for the control of bacterial fish diseases. However, BBR is poorly absorbed into the systemic circulation but is significantly accumulated in the intestine. It is difficult to explain the mechanism of clinical effects of BBR based on systemic genes and pathways; it has been proved that the function of BBR in mammals is associated with the host metabolic phenotypes mediated by the structural modulation of gut microbiota.

Epizootic ulcerative syndrome causes cutaneous dysbacteriosis in hybrid snakehead ().

Cutaneous microbiota play an important role in protecting fish against pathogens. infection causes epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) in fish, and by perturbing the integrity of the cutaneous microbiota, increases the potential for infection by pathogenic bacteria. However, whether the composition of the cutaneous microbiota is altered in fish with EUS, and if so, which species are changed and how this might influence infected fish, is still largely unclear.

Lipid droplets participate in modulating innate immune genes in Ctenopharyngodon idella kidney cells.

Lipid droplets (LDs) are increasingly being recognized as important immune modulators in mammals, in additional to their function of lipid ester deposition. However, the role of LDs in fish immunity remains poorly understood. In this study, the function of LDs in the innate immune response of Ctenopharyngodon idella kidney (CIK) cells, which are the equivalent of myeloid cells in vertebrates, was investigated.

Lipid accumulation in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) fed faba beans (Vicia faba L.).

Feeding faba beans (Vicia faba L.) to grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) increases muscle compactness but decreases growth and motility. The lipid metabolism of grass carp was examined to assess potential effects of feeding faba beans on physiological properties using a total of 180 fish.

Smad4-dependent regulation of type I collagen expression in the muscle of grass carp fed with faba bean.

Smad4 is the key regulator in the transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)/Smads signal pathway, and is also the crux of the regulation of type I collagen expression in mammals. In fish, however, the relationship between Smad4 and type I collagen is still unknown. Given the widely accepted importance of type I collagen in fish muscle hardness, we seek to explore this issue by analyzing the expressions of the TGF-β1/Smads pathway molecules and type I collagen in the muscle of crisp grass carp fed with faba bean, which shows increased muscle hardness.

Identification and comparative analysis of the miRNA expression profiles from four tissues of Micropterus salmoides using deep sequencing.

In the present study, four small RNA libraries were constructed from an M. salmoides population and sequenced using deep sequencing technology. A total of 9,888,822; 8,519,365; 20,566,198; and 15,762,254 raw reads representing 666,097; 755,711; 978,923; and 840,175 unique sequences were obtained from the spleen, liver, kidney, and muscle libraries, respectively.

Identification and expression analysis of miRNA in hybrid snakehead by deep sequencing approach and their targets prediction.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important regulatory roles in numerous biological processes, but there is no report on miRNAs of hybrid snakehead. In this study, four independent small RNA libraries were constructed from the spleen, liver kidney and muscle of hybrid snakehead. These libraries were sequenced using deep sequencing technology, as result, a total of 1,067,172, 1,152,002, 1,653,941 and 970,866 clean reads from these four libraries were obtained.

Broad Bean ( L.) Induces Intestinal Inflammation in Grass Carp ( C. et V) by Increasing Relative Abundances of Intestinal Gram-Negative and Flagellated Bacteria.

Constant consumption of broad bean ( L.) induces intestinal inflammation and reduces growth rate in grass carp ( C. et V).

Proteomic signature of muscle fibre hyperplasia in response to faba bean intake in grass carp.

Fish muscle growth is important for the rapidly developing global aquaculture industry, particularly with respect to production and quality. Changes in muscle fibre size are accomplished by altering the balance between protein synthesis and proteolysis. However, our understanding regarding the effects of different protein sources on fish muscle proteins is still limited.

Genome-wide identification and characterization of conserved and novel microRNAs in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) by deep sequencing.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are post-transcriptional regulators which bind to target to regulate protein expression by repressing translation or promoting degradation of the target mRNA. Studies have shown that deep sequencing is a powerful tool for the identification of miRNAs, and it is believed that may more miRNAs remain to be discovered in grass carp. In the present study, a pool of equal amounts of RNA obtained from 8 different adult grass carp tissues (spleen, liver, muscle, kidney, skin, testis, gut and heart) was sequenced using deep sequencing technology.

Microbial succession in biofilms growing on artificial substratum in subtropical freshwater aquaculture ponds.

Biofilms can be used to improve the water quality in aquaculture ponds, and elucidating the process of microbial succession in biofilms would allow the characterization of metabolic processes and permit optimization. In the present study, microbial succession of a biofilm growing on artificial substrata in a subtropical freshwater pond was investigated by high-throughput sequencing. Providing artificial substrata effectively reduced the concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the pond.

Gene Expression Profiling of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) and Crisp Grass Carp.

Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) is one of the most important freshwater fish that is native to China, and crisp grass carp is a kind of high value-added fishes which have higher muscle firmness. To investigate biological functions and possible signal transduction pathways that address muscle firmness increase of crisp grass carp, microarray analysis of 14,900 transcripts was performed. Compared with grass carp, 127 genes were upregulated and 114 genes were downregulated in crisp grass carp.

[Induction of pond-cultivated Anguilla japonica gonadial development by controlling temperature in high temperature season].

In this study, the pond-cultivated Anguilla japonica was induced to mature by artificially controlling temperature at 18 +/- 2 degrees C in high temperature season (from June to September), with injection of hCG and CPE. The results showed that both the male and the female eel could be induced to mature, and the artificial maturation induction rate was 73.33% and 67.