[Clinical and neurophysiological objectification and evaluation of treatment efficacy in children with perinatal hypoxic-ischemic injury of the CNS].

Objective: To objectify indications for treatment with pantogam in premature infants with perinatal hypoxic-ischemic injury of the CNS.

Material And Methods: We studied 71 children, with GA (gestation age) 24-36 weeks (32,9±2,9 weeks), with perinatal hypoxic-ischemic injury of the CNS, I-II grades, and hyperexitability syndrome. The main group (33 patients) received pantogam in dose 50 mg/kg/day at the adjusted age (AA) 36-40 weeks from the conception.

[Prognostic criteria of the premature infants weaning from mechanical ventilation during trigger ventilation].

Unlabelled: Modern mechanical ventilation modes do not prevent ventilator-associated lung injury therefore respiratory cessation must be stopped as soon as possible. However extubation recommendations absence makes difficulties in process of weaning the infants from the mechanical ventilation.

Research Objective: To assess the prognostic criteria of the extubating and weaning from mechanical ventilation in premature infants during trigger ventilation (PSV/PSV + VG).

[Impact of herpesvirus infections on the level of proinflammatory cytokines in premature neonatal infants].

The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of HSV and/or CMV among the pathogens causing intrauterine infections (IUI) and to investigate their impact on the level of proinflammatory cytokines in premature neonatal infants. Examinations were performed in 3 neonatal groups: 1) premature neonates with clinical manifestations of IUI; 2) those without IUI; 3) full-term newborns. In group 1, viral (HSV and/or CMV) and bacterial infections were detectable with the same frequency.

[Clinical-encephalographic evaluation of preterm children treated with cytoflavin during the first year of life].

An aim of the study was the clinical and neurophysiological evaluation of the effect of cytoflavin and reanimation measures on the rate of nervous and mental development of preterm newborns with cerebral ischemia, II--III stage, during the first year of life. One hundred and twenty children with gestational age 28--36 weeks and body mass 1060-3150 g were studied. In the main group (n=61), the complex treatment included cytoflavin in dosage 2 ml/kg/day, intravenously during 5 days.

[Current approaches to cerebroprotective treatment of premature newborns in reanimation and intensive care departments].

This work was conducted in the frames of a multicenter clinical trial. The aim was to study efficacy of cytoflavin (infusion solution) in the prevention and treatment of posthypoxic CNS lesions in premature newborns. The study included 120 premature newborns (gestation period 28-36 weeks) who was born in severe distress and needed the intensive therapy after primary reanimation measures.

[Immune reaction to anesthesia and surgical injury in neonatal infants].

The impact of surgical injury and anesthesia on cellular and humoral immunity parameters was studied in neonatal infants with surgical pathology. These were found to have immunosuppressive activity, which appeared as evolving absolute lymphopenia and a reduction in the serum concentration of IgG. The magnitude of these changes depends on the functional state of the immune system in the preoperative period and is higher in infants with signs of an infectious-inflammatory process in the preoperative period, which increases the risk of septic complications.

[Detection of the markers of herpes simplex virus and cytomegalovirus in newborns and infants].

A total of 111 children suspected for herpesvirus infection were examined. In blood and urine samples the infectious activity of herpes simplex virus (HSV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) was detected by the rapid culture method (RCM) and the presence of virus DNA--by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). HSV and/or CMV were detected by two laboratory methods in 57 examined children (51%).

[Development of a PCR-based method for diagnostics of mycoses].

Since the express-diagnostics of mycoses in immune-deficit patients still remains an acute problem, we developed an effective test system (Kan-Am) to detect DNA Candida albicans, which is a leader in the list of causative agents of candidosis. A comparison study of three PCR-systems used to detect a broad spectrum of fungoid pathogens was carried out, and a universal system (FungAm), which ensures the detection of DNAs of above 78 strains of 25 types of pathogenic fungi, was selected. The results of clinical testing of the species-specific and universal PCR-systems are well confirmed by the culture method, and they are indicative of the efficacy of applying them for the diagnostics of mycoses in neonatology.

Production of Peptide of Retroviral Origin in Sera of Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia at Acute Phase.

In the present study we investigated production of the peptide of retroviral origin in patients with various types of leukemia. For this purpose the high affinity rabbit antibodies were generated against the synthetic peptide representing the "immunosuppressive motif" within the envelope protein of human endogenous retrovirus type C. The presence of this peptide was identified only in sera of the patients with chronic myelo- and/or promonocytic leukemia at acute phase.

[Reverse in situ hybridization of DNA probes of anomalous chromosomes in diagnosing chromosome pathologies].

The results of analysis of congenital chromosomal pathologies and chromosomal rearrangements upon the occurrence of haematological diseases, which was involved constructing DNA libraries of abnormal chromosomes and subsequent reverse CISS hybridization have been considered. High effectiveness of this approach for analysis of chromosomal translocations, deletions of chromosomal regions, minor extra chromosomes, and large marker chromosomes with complex organization was shown. The possibility of implementation of this approach and its large-scale application in medical and genetic studies of congenital developmental pathologies and chromosomal diagnostics of haematological diseases has been discussed.

[Prognostic significance of nucleolar markers in chronic lymphocytic leukemia].

The morphological criteria have been identified permitting the prognosis of the course character of chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL). Slow progressing of CLL is attended by the accumulation in the peripheral blood of lymphocytes in the transient stage G0----G1 with ring-like nucleoli surrounded by the perinuclear area. In rapid progressing of the disease, lymphoid cells in stages G1 and S with homogenous nucleoli containing the nucleolar lipid component, are observed in the blood of CLL patients.

[Aortic endothelium and serum lipoproteins in rats during the restorative period after 30-day hypokinesia].

Experiments in 49 albino rats indicated that serum beta-lipoprotein levels were increased on days 1 to 8 and 24 to 29 of readaptation following 30-day restriction of motor activity of the animals kept in the individual cramped cages. The alpha-lipoprotein concentrations were decreased in initial periods and elevated on days 18 to 23 of restoration. In the course of readaptation, the aortic endothelial layer showed greater lymphocyte and monocyte counts and larger number of endotheliocytes with karyopyknosis, karyolysis, and larger number of mitotically divided and binuclear cells.

[Morphometric analysis of aortic endothelium and serum lipoproteins in rats during readaptation after 15-day hypokinesia].

On hypokinesia day 15, the serum concentration of beta-lipoproteins increased and that of alpha-lipoproteins decreased, and the aortic endothelium was damaged. During the recovery period, the amount of pre-beta-lipoproteins was normal. After hypokinesia the concentration of alpha-lipoproteins increased and returned to normal by the 10th day while that of beta-lipoproteins remained lower for a long time.

[Myeloma-related nephropathy (incidence, clinical aspects and morphology). Analysis of 95 cases of multiple myeloma].

The authors provided the results of observations of 95 patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Signs of renal involvement in that period were detected in 79% of the patients. The authors analyzed the frequency of various symptoms of myelogenic nephropathy (MN) and its evolution.

[Participation of leukocytes in primary hemostasis].

Introduction of a hemolysate of erythrocytes and ADP in the plasma containing leucocytes and platelets results in the formation of mixed-cell (leucocytic-thrombocytic) aggregates, aggregation rate depending on the number of leucocytes involved. In healthy donors this process is ensured equally by both cell types. In inflammation and especially in chronic myelocytic leukemia leucocytes play the main role in mixed-cell aggregation.