[Osteoarthritis of the wrist].

The term osteoarthritis (OA) of the wrist can be used as an umbrella term for various, often independent areas of OA, as the wrist is made up of several joints. Radiocarpal OA often occurs after untreated ligament injuries, incorrectly healed bone fractures in the carpus or after radius fractures involving the joint. A typical sequence of propagation is known for radiocarpal OA following scapholunate (SL) insufficiency or scaphoid pseudarthrosis.

Atypical Palmaris Profundus with Median Nerve Perforation Presenting Ultrasonically as an Intraneural Mass.

An accessory palmaris profundus tendon might cause carpal tunnel like symptoms and in addition is a known potential reason for persistent symptoms following carpal tunnel release. In our case, a 34-year-old female patient presented with paresthesia of the third digit. Electromyography was without pathological findings.

Midterm Results of Four-Corner Fusion Using Dorsal Circular Plate Fixation.

 The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the results of four-corner fusion using dorsal circular plate.  We operated on 20 patients between 2009 and 2011.  At a mean follow-up period of 30 months (range: 14-62, SD: 16), the mean VAS improved from 8 (range: 4-10, SD: 2) preoperatively to 4 (range: 0-8, SD: 2).

tracking of adipose tissue grafts with cadmium-telluride quantum dots.

Background: Fat grafting, or lipofilling, represent frequent clinically used entities. The fate of these transplants is still not predictable, whereas only few animal models are available for further research. Quantum dots (QDs) are semiconductor nanocrystals which can be conveniently tracked due to photoluminescence.

Cadmium Telluride Quantum Dots as a Fluorescence Marker for Adipose Tissue Grafts.

Plastic and reconstructive surgeons increasingly apply adipose tissue grafting in a clinical setting, although the anticipation of graft survival is insecure. There are only few tools for tracking transplanted fat grafts in vivo.Murine adipose tissue clusters were incubated with negatively charged, mercaptoproprionic acid-coated cadmium telluride quantum dots (QDs) emitting in the dark red or near infrared.

[Treatment of Dupuytren's contracture by means of injectable collagenase: first clinical experiences].

Recently a minimal invasive therapeutic option by means of enzymatic lysis of Dupuytren's cord was introduced in Europe under the name Xiapex® (Pfizer, Germany).Here we present our first experiences in clinical application with special remarks on complications.In this study 16 injections on 12 Dupuytren's cords in 8 patients were conducted.

Technique and proof of patency of microsurgical lympho-lymphonodular anastomoses: a study in the rat model.

Background: Lymphedemas due to local lymphatic blocks can be treated by microsurgical transplantation or transposition of lymphatic vessels. Here, the anastomoses are usually made end-to-end between lymphatics, but occasionally appropriate lymphatic recipient vessels are missing. In such cases, reconstructing lymph drainage by connection to a lymph node could be another technical option.

Atypical incarcerated abdominal wall hernia mimicking acute diverticulitis.

An 89-year-old female presented with typical symptoms of acute diverticulitis. Abdominal CT revealed an abdominal wall hernia with signs of acute incarceration in the lateral part of the transverse abdominis muscle and rupture of the transversalis fascia. The findings were confirmed intraoperatively.

Protein binding capacity in vitro changes metabolism of substrates and influences the predictability of metabolic pathways in vivo.

Unlabelled: Large numbers of lipophilic molecules are attached to fractions of serum protein, e.g. albumin, in vivo.

A new bioassay including a small scale hepatocyte bioreactor for hepato-mediated toxicity testing in a target cell line.

New approaches for in vitro testing of hepato-mediated toxicity are undertaken to offer alternatives to in vivo animal testing. The described bioassay for hepato-mediated toxicity testing is based on a small scale hepatocyte-bioreactor with pig hepatocytes connected to a silicon sensor based microphysiometer system for monitoring of the extracellular acidification rate (EAR) of cells and the microphysiometer alone. EAR represents the metabolic activity of tested cells (hepatocytes and ZR 751 cells) under the influence of perfused media, compared to controls, which were set to 100%.

Towards in-vitro prediction of an in-vivo cytostatic response of human tumor cells with a fast chemosensitivity assay.

The objective of this study is to evaluate a novel approach to chemosensitivity testing with respect to its predictive value in the selection of clinically effective cytostatic drugs to optimize the therapeutic treatment of cancer. The chemosensitivity assay, which we used in this study, has its roots in pharmaceutical drug screening and the surrounding intellectual property is protected by various patent applications and trademarks. Therefore, we will refer to this test in the following pages as ChemoSelect.

Genomic organization of the human CYP3A locus: identification of a new, inducible CYP3A gene.

Proteins encoded by the human CYP3A genes metabolize every second drug currently in use. The activity of CYP3A gene products in the general population is highly variable and may affect the efficacy and safety of drugs metabolized by these enzymes. The mechanisms underlying this variability are poorly understood, but they include gene induction, protein inhibition and unknown genetic polymorphisms.

In vitro toxicology in hepatocyte bioreactors-extracellular acidification rate (EAR) in a target cell line indicates hepato-activated transformation of substrates.

In this article we introduce an in vitro model for hepato-mediated toxicity testing consisting of a Hepatocyte-Bioreactor connected to a microphysiometer system for monitoring of the extracellular acidification rate (EAR) of cells. The EAR in this system represented the metabolic activity of a tested cell line under the influence of bioreactor supernatant. Cyclophosphamide (CYCL), a well-known hepato-activated cytostatic drug was used as a model substrate because of its widespread clinical use.

Cryopreserved porcine hepatocyte cultures.

Cryopreservation of freshly isolated hepatocytes is regarded the standard technique for long term storage of liver cells. Frankly, we were not successful in reproducing viability rates of about 70% of that which have been reported by most authors as results of various freezing protocols for hepatocyte suspensions. In fact, we saw mostly devastating results.