Phenotype expansion of variants affecting p38 MAPK signaling in hypospadias patients.

Background: Hypospadias is a congenital anomaly of the male urogenital system. Genetics factors play an important role in its pathogenesis. To search for potential causal genes/variants for hypospadias, we performed exome sequencing in a pedigree with three patients across two generations and a cohort of 49 sporadic patients with hypospadias.

Vaginal tumours in childhood: a descriptive analysis from a large paediatric medical centre.

Purpose: Malignant tumours of the vagina are very rare in children. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyse the clinical presentation, treatment, and outcome of vaginal tumours in children treated in a single institution.

Methods: This study retrospectively analysed the clinical data of children diagnosed with vaginal malignant tumours who were admitted to the Beijing Children's Hospital of Capital Medical University from January 2007 to December 2020 and followed these patients to observe their prognoses and outcomes.

Quantitative assessment of renal perfusion in children with UPJO by contrast enhanced ultrasound: A pilot study.

Background: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a new potential modality for the quantitative evaluation of the microvascular perfusion of a parenchymal organ.

Objective: To prospectively and quantitatively analyse the role of CEUS in evaluating renal perfusion for assessing renal function in children with ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO).

Methods: The study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee, and written informed consent was obtained from the patients' parents or guardians.

Congenital midureteral stenosis in children: a 13-year retrospective study based on data from a large pediatric medical center.

Background: Midureteral stenosis is very rare in children and can cause congenital hydronephrosis. We report our experience treating children with congenital midureteral stenosis at our center, focusing on the differences in preoperative diagnosis and treatment compared with other congenital obstructive uropathies.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 26 children diagnosed with congenital midureteral stenosis at our center between January 2007 and December 2020, such as preoperative examination methods, intraoperative conditions, and postoperative follow-up results.

Extrarenal Wilms tumor in children: A retrospective observational case series.

Introduction: Pediatric extrarenal Wilms tumor (ERWT) is rare. The diversity of clinical characteristics makes diagnosis, treatment and judging the prognosis difficult. Long-term follow-up outcomes and the possible prognostic factors of ERWT are still insufficient.

Use of Acellular Dermal Matrix for Urethroplasty Coverage in Proximal Hypospadias Repair: a Pilot Study.

Introduction: The complication rates of proximal hypospadias, especially fistula, are much higher than those of distal hypospadias. Urethral coverage is an effective method for reducing fistulas. Acellular dermal matrix (ADM) has been shown to exhibit structural compatibility and biocompatibility, both of which promote tissue healing.

The distribution of Preputial vessels in different severity of rat congenital hypospadias model: imaging study using micro-computerized tomography.

Background: Micro-computerized tomography (micro-CT) is considered as an innovative non-invasive and high-resolution imaging technology. The current research aims to reconstruct the distribution of preputial vessels in different severity of rat congenital hypospadias model by micro-CT, and to provide an anatomic basis for the selection of preputial vessel pedicle flaps in surgery.

Methods: Pregnant rats were exposed to finasteride from gestational day 12 to 17.

Drone Detection and Pose Estimation Using Relational Graph Networks.

With the upsurge in use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), drone detection and pose estimation by using optical sensors becomes an important research subject in cooperative flight and low-altitude security. The existing technology only obtains the position of the target UAV based on object detection methods. To achieve better adaptability and enhanced cooperative performance, the attitude information of the target drone becomes a key message to understand its state and intention, e.

Continuous composite finite-time convergent guidance laws with autopilot dynamics compensation.

This paper has proposed two continuous composite finite-time convergent guidance laws to intercept maneuvering targets in the presence of autopilot lag: one is for hit-to-kill and the other is for zeroing the line-of-sight (LOS) angular rate. More specifically, the nonlinear disturbance observer (NDOB) is used to estimate the lumped uncertainty online while the finite-time control technique is used to fulfill the design goal in finite time. The key feature in derivation of the proposed guidance law is that two integral-type Lyapunov functions are used to avoid analytic differentiation of virtual control law encountered with traditional backstepping.