Scapular Dyskinesis, Shoulder Joint Position Sense, and Functional Level After Arthroscopic Bankart Repair.

Background: Scapular kinesia is an important component of glenohumeral rhythm and shoulder stability. No studies have evaluated scapular dyskinesis and its relationship to shoulder proprioception in patients who have undergone arthroscopic Bankart repair (ABR).

Purpose: To investigate scapular dyskinesis, proprioception, and functional level after ABR.

Does the right or left hemisphere involvement affect swallowing in patients with hemiplegia?

Background: Stroke is one of the most important causes of swallowing difficulty. It is seen in one of every two patients with stroke. Although the swallowing function is controlled by both hemispheres, it is unknown which hemisphere is more dominant than another for controlling the swallowing function.

Lower extremity alignment due to patellofemoral syndrome and dynamic postural balance.

Study Design: This study is a prospective study.

Aim: Lower extremity malalignment is an important etiologic factor in patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). We hypothesized that lower limb malalignment may affect dynamic balance and physical function.

Is the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation technique superior to Shaker exercises in swallowing rehabilitation?

Purpose: This prospective study was planned to investigate whether the combined isotonic technique of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) is superior to Shaker exercises in improving the function of swallowing muscles.

Methods: Fifty individuals (30 females and 20 males; mean age 68 ± 3.89 years) with swallowing difficulties were separated into two groups randomly.

Effects on Lower Extremity Neuromuscular Control Exercises on Knee Proprioception, Muscle Strength, and Functional Level in Patients with ACL Reconstruction.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of lower extremity motor control exercises on knee proprioception, muscle strength, and functional level in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL-R).

Materials And Methods: Thirty-two of the 57 patients with ACL-R using tibialis anterior allografts were divided into two groups. Group I: lower extremity motor control exercises were added to the standard rehabilitation program.

Quadriceps tendon autograft ACL reconstructed subjects overshoot target knee extension angle during active proprioception testing.

Purpose: To compare the active joint position sense (JPS), muscle strength, and knee functions in individuals who had anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with quadriceps tendon autograft, hamstring tendon autograft, tibialis anterior allograft and healthy individuals. It was hypothesized that when compared to an age and gender-matched healthy control group, subjects who were post-ACL reconstruction would display impaired active joint position sense, knee extensor and flexor strength symmetry and knee function at 1 year post-surgery. A secondary hypothesis was that differences would exist between the quadriceps tendon autograft, hamstring tendon autograft and tibialis anterior allograft groups.

Evaluation of Plantar Foot Sensation, Balance, Physical Performance, and Fear of Movement in Substance Use Disorders.

Background: Neuropathologic changes may occur in the nervous system due to long-term substance use, leading to functional disability with altering of balance. We know little about substance-related mechanisms that can cause movement disorders. This study investigated the effects of plantar foot sensation and balance on physical performance as an effect of substance use in detoxified patients.

Is there a relationship between plantar foot sensation and static balance, physical performance, fear of falling, and quality of life in hemodialysis patients?

Introduction: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between plantar foot sensation and static balance, physical performance, fear of falling, and quality of life in hemodialysis patients.

Materials And Methods: The study involved 24 hemodialysis patients and 20 healthy volunteers. Light touch-pressure sensation (Semmes Weinstein Monofilament test kit), two-point discrimination sensation (esthesiometer) and vibration sensation (128 Hz diapason) were used to evaluate plantar foot sensation.

Correlation between quadriceps to hamstring ratio and functional outcomes in patellofemoral pain.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between quadriceps to hamstring (Q:H) ratio and the functional outcomes in Patellofemoral Pain (PFP) patients.

Methods: The study included forty-four women diagnosed with unilateral PFP. Eccentric and concentric quadriceps and hamstring strength were recorded.

Sagittal plane tilting deformity of the patellofemoral joint: a new concept in patients with chondromalacia patella.

Purpose: The aims of this study were to evaluate sagittal plane alignment in patients with chondromalacia patella via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), analyse the relationships between the location of the patellar cartilaginous lesions and sagittal alignment and finally investigate the relationships between the sagittal plane malalignment and patellofemoral loadings using by finite element analysis.

Methods: Fifty-one patients who were diagnosed with isolated modified Outerbridge grade 3-4 patellar chondromalacia based on MRI evaluation and 51 control subjects were evaluated. Chondromalacia patella patients were divided into three subgroups according to the chondral lesion location as superior, middle and inferior.

The relationship between quadriceps strength and joint position sense, functional outcome and painful activities in patellofemoral pain syndrome.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate how strongly the concentric and eccentric quadriceps strengths were correlated with the joint position sense, functional outcomes and painful activities in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS).

Methods: The study included forty-six women diagnosed with unilateral PFPS. Eccentric and concentric quadriceps strengths were recorded at 60 and 180°/s.

Surgical treatment of Achilles tendon ruptures: the comparison of open and percutaneous methods in a rabbit model.

Background: This study was intended to investigate the healing properties of open and percutaneous techniques in a rabbit model and compare histological, electron microscopical, and biomechanical findings of the healed tendon between the groups.

Methods: Twenty-six rabbits were randomly assigned to two groups of thirteen rabbits each. Percutaneous tenotomy of the Achilles tendon (AT) was applied through a stab incision on the right side 1.

The effects of the sagittal plane malpositioning of the patella and concomitant quadriceps hypotrophy on the patellofemoral joint: a finite element analysis.

Purpose: Anterior knee pain is a common symptom after intramedullary nailing in tibia shaft fracture. Moreover, patellofemoral malalignment is also known to be a major reason for anterior knee pain. Patellofemoral malalignment predisposes to increased loading in patellar cartilage.

A Unique Rectus Femoris Injury in an Adolescent Professional Soccer Player: A Case Report.

Case: A sixteen-year-old professional soccer player presented with persistent pain in the right thigh of two years' duration and the inability to return to play. Evaluation revealed a chronic rupture of the rectus femoris muscle. Because physiotherapy and rehabilitation failed to help, a surgical repair was performed.

Semitendinosus snapping: analysis of movement, electromyographic activities, muscle strength and endurance, motor control and joint position sense.

A female ballet with a history of two-years of semi-tendinosus (ST) snapping was assessed. On physical examination snapping was observed during hyperextension of the knee. Neither any history of trauma nor treatment was recalled.

Rehabilitation after endoscopically percutaneous intramuscular splintage for vastus medialis partial rupture - A case report and review of the literature.

Isolated rupture of the vastus medialis muscle is rare, and surgical repair is recommended. The results of rehabilitation programme after the percutaneous intramuscular splintage of a nearly total vastus medialis muscle tear in a 52-year professional-master degree weight-lifter is presented in this report.

Can standing knee radiographs predict chondral lesions in young- and middle-aged population?

Purpose: The aim of the study is to investigate the correlation between arthroscopic findings and joint space width on the standing knee radiographs at various flexion degrees in the young- and middle-aged patients with complaints of knee pain.

Methods: Middle-aged patients with complaint of knee pain ongoing more than 6 months and failure in conservative treatment methods were included. Weight-bearing full extension, 30 and 45° of flexion radiographs were obtained.

Is there any relationship between Q-angle and lower extremity malalignment?

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between Q-angle and lower extremity alignment in women with unilateral patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS).

Methods: Eighty-five women with unilateral patellofemoral pain participated in the study, with each subject acting as their own internal control using the unaffected limb. Lower extremity alignment and Q-angles of the affected and unaffected knees were compared.

Arthroscopy-assisted reduction versus open reduction in the fixation of medial malleolar fractures.

Purpose: Purpose of this case-control study was to evaluate the feasibility and advantages of arthroscopically assisted reduction and internal fixation of isolated medial malleolar fractures and compare the outcomes with conventional open reduction and internal fixation.

Methods: Forty-seven patients with medial malleolar fractures were grouped into two: arthroscopy-assisted group, and conventional open reduction and internal fixation group. Arthroscopic treatment group consisted of 21 patients.

Is there a relationship between tracking ability, joint position sense, and functional level in patellofemoral pain syndrome?

Purpose: This prospective cohort study investigated proprioception and motor control changes in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS), and how these changes related to knee function, pain, muscle strength and muscle endurance.

Methods: The study included 43 women diagnosed with unilateral patellofemoral pain syndrome. Thirty-one healthy women were recruited as control group.

Static balance in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.

Background: The relationship between one-leg static standing balance (OLSSB) and patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is unknown.

Hypothesis: OLSSB decreases in patients with PFPS.

Design: Prospective case series.

Proprioception level after endoscopically guided percutaneous Achilles tendon.

Purpose: To evaluate ankle function following endoscopically guided percutaneous Achilles tendon repair. The hypothesis of this study was that patients with percutaneous repair of the Achilles tendon would still display impaired involved side ankle proprioception.

Methods: Nineteen male patients with percutaneous Achilles tendon surgery were tested for bilateral ankle active angle reproduction at 10° dorsiflexion and 15° plantar flexion, peak concentric isokinetic ankle dorsiflexor and plantar flexor torque, one-leg hop for distance, and single-leg vertical jump height.

Proximal humeral physeal widening: little leaguer's shoulder or a variation of normal development?

Little leaguer's shoulder is a syndrome involving the proximal humeral epiphyseal plate and has been reported in adolescent athletes between 13-16 years of age. We present an adolescent case with radiological findings of little leaguer's shoulder syndrome in a non-athletic patient. The patient had applied significant rotational stress to the proximal humeral physis as a result of overuse due to physiotherapy, but the left asymptomatic side appeared more affected radiologically, which led to the idea that this may be a physiological change that occurs in adolescents.

How can we strengthen the quadriceps femoris in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome?

Purpose: the aim of this article was to review the clinical approach of quadriceps strengthening programmes.

Methods: a literature search was carried out from 1980 up to September 2011. Eligible studies were those that: (1) evaluated the patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (not healthy or asymptomatic subjects) (2) examined the effect of kinetic chain exercises (3) examined the effect of weight-bearing exercises (4) compared the effect of the combined exercises programme in the treatment of patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.

Comparison of functional outcomes of two anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction methods with hamstring tendon graft.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of Endobutton post-fixation and femoral (TransFix) transfixation in ACL reconstruction on lower extremity muscle strength, joint position sense, and knee stability.

Methods: Subjects who had undergone ACL reconstruction with hamstring tendon using Endobutton post-fixation (n=20, mean age: 26.5 years) or femoral transfixation (n=20, mean age: 29.