Subtyping strokes using blood-based protein biomarkers: A high-throughput proteomics and machine learning approach.

Background: Rapid diagnosis of stroke and its subtypes is critical in early stages. We aimed to discover and validate blood-based protein biomarkers to differentiate ischemic stroke (IS) from intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) using high-throughput proteomics.

Methods: We collected serum samples within 24 h from acute stroke (IS & ICH) and mimics patients.

Expanding the phenotyping spectrum of Witteveen Kolk syndrome: first report of generalized dystonia and cerebellar ataxia.

Witteveen-Kolk syndrome (WITKOS) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by distinct facial features, microcephaly, short stature, intellectual disability, and subtle neuroimaging abnormalities. The syndrome is attributed to a loss of function mutation in the SIN3A gene, a member of the switch-insensitive 3 transcription regulator family. Herein, we present a 21-year-old woman with dysmorphic facial features, short stature, and a chronic, progressively worsening symmetric cerebellar ataxia, along with generalized dystonia.

Efficacy and Safety of Sovateltide in Patients with Acute Cerebral Ischaemic Stroke: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicentre, Phase III Clinical Trial.

Background And Objectives: Sovateltide (Tycamzzi™), an endothelin-B (ET-B) receptor agonist, increases cerebral blood flow, has anti-apoptotic activity, and promotes neural repair following cerebral ischaemic stroke. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sovateltide in adult participants with acute cerebral ischaemic stroke.

Methods: This was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre, Phase III clinical trial of sovateltide in participants with cerebral ischaemic stroke receiving standard of care (SOC) in India.

Safety and efficacy of fluoxetine in post-stroke anxiety-A pilot prospective randomized open blinded endpoint (PROBE) study.

Objective: The prevalence of post-stroke anxiety (PSA) is reported to be 20%-25%. There is insufficient evidence on the efficacy of antidepressants for treating anxiety in such patients. This Prospective Randomized Open Blinded Endpoint (PROBE) study was designed to assess the safety and efficacy of fluoxetine in PSA.

An Instructional Module for Functional Dissociative Seizures (FDS) in Hindi: Enhancing Communication and Management in India.

Background And Objectives: Functional dissociative seizures (FDS) are very common in neurology clinics, they straddle both neurology and psychiatry. In India, scarce resources and guidelines are available for effectively conveying their diagnosis and management, which leads to a substantial gap in care. We aimed to provide an instructional module for FDS, tailored to clinicians, patients, and caregivers in Hindi, to enhance communication of diagnosis and facilitate suitable management strategies.

Safety and Efficacy of Injection Tenecteplase in 4.5 to 24 Hours Imaging Eligible Window Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke (EAST-AIS) - Study Protocol.

Background And Aims: Tenecteplase is used as the standard of care treatment for thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients within 4.5 h of symptom onset. Documented reports were less certain to claim the benefits of it in an extended window period.

Prognostic biomarkers of intracerebral hemorrhage identified using targeted proteomics and machine learning algorithms.

Early prognostication of patient outcomes in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is critical for patient care. We aim to investigate protein biomarkers' role in prognosticating outcomes in ICH patients. We assessed 22 protein biomarkers using targeted proteomics in serum samples obtained from the ICH patient dataset (N = 150).

The role of susceptibility-weighted imaging & contrast-enhanced MRI in the diagnosis of primary CNS vasculitis: a large case series.

Primary CNS Vasculitis (PCNSV) is a rare, diverse, and polymorphic CNS blood vessel inflammatory condition. Due to its rarity, clinical variability, heterogeneous imaging results, and lack of definitive laboratory markers, PCNSV diagnosis is challenging. This retrospective cohort analysis identified patients with histological diagnosis of PCNSV.

Impact of weight reduction on structural and functional parameters of the optic nerve in idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of weight reduction on the structural and functional parameters of the optic nerve in established cases of papilledema in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH).

Methods: A prospective observational study in early and established cases of papilledema in IIH presenting from December 2019 to February 2021. Functional parameters (visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, mean deviation, VER), structural parameters (RNFL, GCL-IPL, and optic disc height), and clinical grading of papilledema were measured at baseline and every 6 weeks for 6 months.

Safety and efficacy of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as an adjunct to standard treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a randomized controlled pilot trial (NACTLYS).

There is a pressing clinical need for thrombolytic agents that can effectively disaggregate arterial thrombi in acute ischemic stroke without significantly increasing the risk of bleeding. This pilot study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as an adjunctive therapy to intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA or alteplase). A randomized, open-label, blinded assessor pilot study was conducted.

Association of obstructive sleep apnea and sleep quality with cognitive function: a study of middle-aged and elderly persons in India.

Introduction: Symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and poor sleep quality affect around one in ten people in India. We aimed to determine if OSA symptoms and poor sleep quality are independently associated with cognition in middle-aged and elderly urban Indian populations.

Methods: We studied the cross-sectional association between OSA symptoms (by Berlin Questionnaire), poor sleep quality (by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and cognitive function in adults ≥ 50 years.

Mild Cognitive Impairment among Elderly Persons Residing in an Urban Resettlement Colony in Delhi.

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a transitional state between normal cognition and clinical dementia. MCI is associated with an increased risk of dementia and mortality. Progression of MCI to dementia can be prevented by cognitive and lifestyle interventions.

Focal CNS vasculitis masquerading as new-onset focal aware seizures.

Primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) is an autoimmune disease with myriad presentations in the form of headache, focal neurological deficits, seizures and rapid cognitive decline. Predilection or isolated and recurrent involvement of one hemisphere is rarely described in literature. This leads to low clinical suspicion and often delayed diagnosis of PACNS, if clinical and radiological involvement is focal.

Clinical factors and vascular endothelial growth factor as determinants of disease progression in Indian patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Objective: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder. Prognostication remains sub-optimally defined. We aimed to assess clinical determinants of disease progression rates in Indian patients with ALS and to assess the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in disease progression.

Cerebrospinal fluid proteins in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: An exploratory SWATH proteomics analysis.

Purpose: The pathogenesis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is currently poorly understood. This exploratory study aimed to identify potential cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers in IIH cases compared to controls using SWATH-MS proteomics approach.

Experimental Design: CSF samples were collected prospectively from IIH cases and control subjects which were subjected to SWATH-MS based untargeted proteomics.

VE-MMODE - A randomized controlled trial of Venlafaxine versus Escitalopram for treatment of mild to moderate depression in persons with epilepsy.

Objectives: Depression in persons with epilepsy (PWE) goes undiagnosed and untreated. Despite being common, there are no direct efficacy comparisons of available antidepressants in PWE. Our aim was to compare the effectiveness of Venlafaxine (VEN) and Escitalopram (ESCIT) in comorbid depression in PWE.