Surgical Experience in Pediatric Patients with Chiari-I Malformations Aged ≤18 Years.

Objective: The objective of this study was to retrospectively study Chiari I malformation patients (<18 years) treated surgically.

Materials And Methods: Chiari I malformation patients (<18 years) treated surgically at our institute were retrospectively studied.

Results: During the study period between January 1999 and June 2011, fifty patients, aged ≤18 years with Chiari malformation, were treated surgically and formed the basis for this series.

Association of intracellular Staphylococcus aureus with prognosis in chronic rhinosinusitis.

Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) has been shown to exist within nasal epithelial cells in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients. This study investigates the localization of intracellular S.

Efficacy of NVC-422 against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms in a sheep biofilm model of sinusitis.

Background: Bacterial biofilms are a major obstacle in management of recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis. NVC-422 is a potent, fast-acting, broad-spectrum, nonantibiotic, antimicrobial with a new mechanism of action effective against biofilm bacteria in in vitro conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of NVC-422 as local antibiofilm treatment in a sheep model of rhinosinusitis.

Quantitative analysis of in vivo mucosal bacterial biofilms.

Background: Quantitative assays of mucosal biofilms on ex vivo samples are challenging using the currently applied specialized microscopic techniques to identify them. The COMSTAT2 computer program has been applied to in vitro biofilm models for quantifying biofilm structures seen on confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM). The aim of this study was to quantify Staphylococcus aureus (S.

A sheep model to investigate the role of fungal biofilms in sinusitis: fungal and bacterial synergy.

Background: The role of fungi in the spectrum of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is poorly understood. Fungal biofilms have recently been discovered in CRS patients. We have developed an animal model for the investigation of sinonasal fungal biofilms.

Aspergillus fumigatus biofilm on primary human sinonasal epithelial culture.

Background: Bacterial biofilms have been implicated in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). However, direct evidence in support of fungal biofilms in sinus disease is lacking in the literature. This study was designed to develop and characterize an in vitro Aspergillus fumigatus biofilm model on primary human sinonasal epithelial cell culture.

Staphylococcus aureus biofilms: Nemesis of endoscopic sinus surgery.

Objectives/hypothesis: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients with biofilms have persistent postoperative symptoms, ongoing mucosal inflammation, and recurrent infections. Recent evidence suggests that biofilms of differing species confer varying disease profiles in CRS patients. We aimed to prospectively investigate the effects of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, and fungal biofilms on outcomes following endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS).

Effect of head position and surgical dissection on sinus irrigant penetration in cadavers.

Background: Effective treatment for recalcitrant rhinosinusitis requires unobstructed surgical marsupialization of sinus cavities and use of delivery systems that will topically penetrate the sinuses.

Aims: To determine the extent of sinus penetration achieved with nasal irrigation by varying the ostial size and head position.

Methods: Ten thawed fresh-frozen cadaver heads were dissected in a staged manner.

The impact of biofilms on outcomes after endoscopic sinus surgery.

Background: Although biofilms have been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), there is little evidence that their presence or absence has any effect on the outcomes of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of biofilms on postsurgical outcomes after ESS.

Methods: A prospective, blinded study of 51 consecutive patients undergoing ESS for CRS was conducted.

Targeted imaging modality selection for bacterial biofilms in chronic rhinosinusitis.

Objectives/hypothesis: Biofilms are increasingly recognized as having an etiological role in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Research into biofilms in CRS currently relies on microscopic imaging techniques, none of which are universally accepted. This study compares LIVE/DEAD BacLight (Invitrogen Corp.

A prospective controlled trial of pulsed nasal nebulizer in maximally dissected cadavers.

Background: Nasal douching is common practice in treatment of chronic sinusitis and after endoscopic sinus surgery. Current nasal delivery techniques show inconsistent sinus penetration. The aim of this study was to compare sinonasal penetration of nasal douching to an optimized nasal nebulizer in an operated cadaver model.

The incidence of complications using new landmarks and a modified technique of canine fossa puncture.

Background: Canine fossa puncture (CFP) is a technique that improves access to the maxillary sinus and may be required to ensure complete disease removal from this sinus. Traditional approaches through the canine fossa often have resulted in injury to branches of the infraorbital nerve. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency, severity, and duration of complications using recently described.

Sinonasal leiomyoma: report of 2 cases.

Leiomyomas are benign smooth-muscle tumors that are common in the alimentary tract, uterus, skin, and subcutaneous tissue. They are very uncommon in the upper respiratory tract and rare in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. To the best of our knowledge, only 23 such cases have heretofore been published in the literature.

Balloon cell nevus of the pharynx.

Background: Mucosal melanotic lesions are rare, and the still rarer balloon cell variant has not been reported in the upper aerodigestive tract mucosa. We report a case of balloon cell nevus of the pharynx.

Methods: A 35-year-old woman was seen with complaints of a black color in her mouth.