From defense to dysfunction: Autophagy's dual role in disease pathophysiology.

Autophagy is a fundamental pillar of cellular resilience, indispensable for maintaining cellular health and vitality. It coordinates the meticulous breakdown of cytoplasmic macromolecules as a guardian of cell metabolism, genomic integrity, and survival. In the complex play of biological warfare, autophagy emerges as a firm defender, bravely confronting various pathogenic, infectious, and cancerous adversaries.

Brevicillin, a novel lanthipeptide from the genus Brevibacillus with antimicrobial, antifungal, and antiviral activity.

Aim: This study was aimed to determine antimicrobial and antiviral activity of a novel lanthipeptide from a Brevibacillus sp. for disinfectant application.

Methods And Results: The antimicrobial peptide (AMP) was produced by a bacterial strain AF8 identified as a member of the genus Brevibacillus representing a novel species.

Targeting dendritic cells with TLR-2 ligand-coated nanoparticles loaded with Mycobacterium tuberculosis epitope induce antituberculosis immunity.

Novel vaccination strategies are crucial to efficiently control tuberculosis, as proposed by the World Health Organization under its flagship program "End TB Strategy." However, the emergence of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), particularly in those coinfected with HIV-AIDS, constitutes a major impediment to achieving this goal. We report here a novel vaccination strategy that involves synthesizing a formulation of an immunodominant peptide derived from the Acr1 protein of Mtb.

Corrigendum: Curdlan Limits Survival Through STAT-1 Regulated Nitric Oxide Production.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.

Chlorhexidine: An effective anticovid mouth rinse.

Context: Dentists across the globe are witnessing a completely unforeseen and uncertain professional situation during these times of COVID-19 pandemic. There is conflicting evidence regarding the effectiveness of routinely used mouthwashes and especially Chlorhexidine, to reduce the viral load in oral cavity and the aerosols during oral procedures.

Aims: Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of the current 'gold standard' chlorhexidine and povidone iodine as a control agent, through an in-vitro analysis.

A multiple T cell epitope comprising DNA vaccine boosts the protective efficacy of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Background: Approximately 80% - 90% of individuals infected with latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) remain protected throughout their life-span. The release of unique, latent-phase antigens are known to have a protective role in the immune response against Mtb. Although the BCG vaccine has been administered for nine decades to provide immunity against Mtb, the number of TB cases continues to rise, thereby raising doubts on BCG vaccine efficacy.

Potential Role of Gut Microbiota in Induction and Regulation of Innate Immune Memory.

The gut microbiota significantly regulates the development and function of the innate and adaptive immune system. The attribute of immunological memory has long been linked only with adaptive immunity. Recent evidence indicates that memory is also present in the innate immune cells such as monocytes/macrophages and natural killer cells.

Curdlan Limits Survival Through STAT-1 Regulated Nitric Oxide Production.

Host-directed therapies have emerged as an innovative and promising approach in tuberculosis (TB) treatment due to the observed limitations of current TB regimen such as lengthy duration and emergence of drug resistance. Thus, we explored the role of curdlan (beta glucan polysaccharide) as a novel strategy to activate macrophages against (). The aim of the study was to investigate the role of curdlan in restricting the growth both and .