Acquired tracheo-esophageal fistula in adult-a classical case of 'what not to do'.

Acquired tracheo-esophageal fistulas (TEFs) are challenging. The most common causes are prolonged intubation, malignancy, and trauma whereas granulomatous infections like tuberculosis are rare. Endoscopic intervention with esophageal or tracheal stenting or clipping is of unproven benefit in the management of such lesions, where surgical repair is almost invariably required.

The curious case of coronary cameral fistula with infective endocarditis: A rare harbinger of a common clinical entity.

Coronary cameral fistula is a rare entity characterized by an abnormal communication between coronary artery and a cardiac chamber. It is congenital and asymptomatic in the majority of patients. A 29-year-old male patient presented with fever and dyspnea for eight months.

Arteriovenous fistula takedown in hemodialysis patients: our experience of 26 cases.

Introduction: Creation of arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) for providing vascular access in patients dependent on hemodialysis is a very frequent type of surgery. One of the common complications of such a fistula is the formation of an aneurysm or a pseudoaneurysm and the risk of impending rupture. These are a few of the reasons why such surgically created AVF have to be taken down surgically.