Evaluation of Compounded Transdermal Analgesic Formulations Using the Franz Finite Dose Model.

To evaluate the transdermal delivery of six analgesic drugs (i.e., ketamine, gabapentin, clonidine, lidocaine, ketoprofen, and amitriptyline) that were compounded into three commercially available bases, Salt Stable LS Base, Transdermal Pain Base, and Lipoderm ActiveMax Base, the Franz finite dose model was used for an in vitro penetration study using porcine skin over 48 hours.

A universal monoclonal antibody-aptamer conjugation strategy for selective non-invasive bioparticle isolation from blood on a regenerative microfluidic platform.

Simultaneous isolation of various circulating tumor cell (CTC) subtypes from whole blood is useful in cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Microfluidic affinity separation devices are promising for CTC separation because of their high throughput capacity and automatability. However, current affinity agents, such as antibodies (mAbs) and aptamers (Apts) alone, are still suboptimal for efficient, consistent, and versatile cell analysis.

Perspectives on miRNAs Targeting DKK1 for Developing Hair Regeneration Therapy.

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) remains an unsolved problem for the well-being of humankind, although multiple important involvements in hair growth have been discovered. Up until now, there is no ideal therapy in clinical practice in terms of efficacy and safety. Ultimately, there is a strong need for developing a feasible remedy for preventing and treating AGA.

β-Cyclodextrin-grafted hyaluronic acid as a supramolecular polysaccharide carrier for cell-targeted drug delivery.

β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) was grafted onto hyaluronic acid (HA) in a single step to generate a supramolecular biopolymer (HA-β-CD) that was explored for targeted drug delivery applications. Along with its excellent biocompatibility, the prepared HA-β-CD exhibits not only exceptionally high loading capacity for the model drugs doxorubicin and Rhodamine B through the formation of inclusion complexes with the β-CD component, but also the capability of targeted drug delivery to cancerous cells with a high level of expression of CD44 receptors, attributable to its HA component. The polymer can release the drug under slightly acidic conditions.

Non-invasive isolation of rare circulating tumor cells with a DNA mimic of double-sided tape using multimeric aptamers.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are indicative for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, conventional immuno-magnetic cell capture technologies using antibody- and aptamer-functionalized magnetic particles generate increased intracellular oxidative stress through endocytosis. Herein, we efficiently, selectively, and non-invasively isolate CTCs from whole blood by mimicking double-sided tape using DNA.

Regenerative NanoOctopus Based on Multivalent-Aptamer-Functionalized Magnetic Microparticles for Effective Cell Capture in Whole Blood.

Isolation of specific rare cell subtypes from whole blood is critical in cellular analysis and important in basic and clinical research. Traditional immunomagnetic cell capture suffers from suboptimal sensitivity, specificity, and time- and cost-effectiveness. Mimicking the features of octopuses, a device termed a "NanoOctopus" was developed for cancer cell isolation in whole blood.

Nano-functionalized long-period fiber grating probe for disease-specific protein detection.

Optical biosensors have great significance for rapid and sensitive detection and monitoring of biomolecular interactions. Here, recent advancement in the nano-functionalized long-period fiber grating (LPFG) is used to develop a cost-effective approach for label-free and real-time detection of the carbonic anhydrase-IX (CA9) monoclonal antibody, a diagnostic biomarker in hypoxia condition cultured carcinoma cells.

Dual-ligand modified liposomes provide effective local targeted delivery of lung-cancer drug by antibody and tumor lineage-homing cell-penetrating peptide.

The abilities of a drug delivery system to target and penetrate tumor masses are key factors in determining the system's chemotherapeutic efficacy. Here, we explored the utility of an anti-carbonic anhydrase IX (anti-CA IX) antibody and CPP33 dual-ligand modified triptolide-loaded liposomes (dl-TPL-lip) to simultaneously enhance the tumor-specific targeting and increase tumor cell penetration of TPL. In vitro, the dl-TPL-lip increased the cytotoxicity of TPL in CA IX-positive lung cancer cells, which showed tunable size (137.

Pulmonary delivery of triptolide-loaded liposomes decorated with anti-carbonic anhydrase IX antibody for lung cancer therapy.

Antibody-decorated liposomes can facilitate the precise delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to the lung by targeting a recognition factor present on the surface of lung tumor cells. Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is an enzyme expressed on the surface of lung cancer cells with a restricted expression in normal lungs. Here, we explored the utility of anti-carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) antibody, conjugated to the surface of triptolide (TPL)-loaded liposomes (CA IX-TPL-Lips), to promote the therapeutic effects for lung cancer via pulmonary administration.

Predicting the right spacing between protein immobilization sites on self-assembled monolayers to optimize ligand binding.

Self-assembled monolayers designed to immobilize capture antibodies are usually prepared using a mixture of functional and inactive linkers. Here, using low molar ratios (1:1 to 1:100) of the two linkers resulted in loss of binding capability of the anti-EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) antibody nimotuzumab, as assessed by surface plasmon resonance imaging. We then developed a simple theoretical model to predict the optimal surface density of the functional linker, taking into account the antibody size and linker diameter.

In situ protein microarrays capable of real-time kinetics analysis based on surface plasmon resonance imaging.

In recent years, in situ protein synthesis microarray technologies have enabled protein microarrays to be created on demand just before they are needed. In this paper, we utilized the TUS-TER immobilization technology to allow label-free detection with real-time kinetics of protein-protein interactions using surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi). We constructed an expression-ready plasmid DNA with a C-terminal TUS fusion tag to directionally immobilize the in situ synthesized recombinant proteins onto the surface of the biosensor.