Coenzyme Q10 ameliorates chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment in mice: a preclinical study.

Background: Among the three most used anticancer drugs, cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin, and 5-Fluorouracil (CAF), the most significant outcome is chemobrain, caused by increased oxidative stress, inflammatory insult, and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Objective: In this study, endogenous antioxidant coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) was evaluated for its neuroprotective effects in CICI.

Materials And Methods: The chemobrain was induced in Swiss albino female mice by administering CAF (40 + 4 + 25 mg/kg) intraperitoneal (i.

Understanding zebrafish sleep and wakefulness physiology as an experimental model for biomedical research.

Sleep is a globally observable fact, or period of reversible distracted rest, that can be distinguished from arousal by various behavioral criteria. Although the function of sleep is an evolutionarily conserved behavior, its mechanism is not yet clear. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has become a valuable model for neurobehavioral studies such as studying learning, memory, anxiety, and depression.

Exploratory RCT of a group psychological intervention for postnatal depression in British mothers of South Asian origin - ROSHNI-D.

Background: Postnatal depression (PND) is a global public health problem. There is a high prevalence of PND amongst ethnic minority women and major ethnic inequalities in mental health care in the U.K.

Role of Autophagy and Mitophagy in Neurodegenerative Disorders.

Autophagy is a self-destructive cellular process that removes essential metabolites and waste from inside the cell to maintain cellular health. Mitophagy is the process by which autophagy causes disruption inside mitochondria and the total removal of damaged or stressed mitochondria, hence enhancing cellular health. The mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, performing essential functions such as ATP (adenosine triphosphate) generation, metabolism, Ca buffering, and signal transduction.

Organosulphur, organoselenium and organotellurium compounds for the development of heterogeneous and nanocatalytic systems for Suzuki coupling.

Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling (SMC) is an extremely useful reaction in organic syntheses. During the last two decades, many researchers across the world have employed organochalcogen compounds in various ways for the development of catalytic systems for this reaction. Chalcogen-ligated molecular complexes have been designed using such compounds as ligands, and applied as homogeneous catalytic systems.

The Role of Mitophagy in Various Neurological Diseases as a Therapeutic Approach.

Mitochondria are critical to multiple cellular processes, from the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), maintenance of calcium homeostasis, synthesis of key metabolites, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to maintain necrosis, apoptosis, and autophagy. Therefore, proper clearance and regulation are essential to maintain various physiological processes carried out by the cellular mechanism, including mitophagy and autophagy, by breaking down the damaged intracellular connections under the influence of various genes and proteins and protecting against various neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer disease (AD), and Huntington disease (HD). In this review, we will discuss the role of autophagy, selective macroautophagy, or mitophagy, and its role in neurodegenerative diseases along with normal physiology.

Organosulphur and organoselenium compounds as emerging building blocks for catalytic systems for -arylation of phenols, a C-O coupling reaction.

Diaryl ethers form an important class of organic compounds. The classic copper-mediated Ullmann diaryl ether synthesis has been known for many years and involves the coupling of phenols with aryl halides. However, the use of high reaction temperature, high catalyst loading and expensive ligands has created a need for the development of alternative catalytic systems.

Pharmacological evaluation of the effects of enzymatically liberated fish oil on eosinophilic inflammation in animal models.

The inappropriate activation of eosinophils is a well-recognized driver of various human inflammatory diseases including asthma, chronic rhinitis, and various gastrointestinal diseases, including eosinophilic esophagitis. Steroids, both topical and systemic, remain a cornerstone of treatment and can be highly effective. However, some individuals suffer side effects, unresolved symptoms, or both.

Modeling of neotame and fructose thermochemistry: Comparison with mono and divalent metal ions by Computational and experimental approach.

The metal complexes can demonstrate various interesting biological activities in the human body. However, the role of certain metal ions for specific cell activities is still subject to debate. This study is aimed at comparing the thermochemical properties of neotame (artificial sweetener) and α, β-fructose in gas phase and water medium.

Predictive and diagnostic test accuracy of ultrasonography in differentiating severe dengue from nonsevere dengue.

Diagnosing severe dengue from those who do not develop complication is important to prevent death. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the diagnostic test accuracy of ultrasonography in differentiating severe dengue from nonsevere dengue; and to assess if ultrasonography/ultrasound can be used as a predictive (screening) and diagnostic tool in the course of dengue infection. An electronic search was conducted in different databases via OvidSP platform.

Radium and other alpha emitters in prostate cancer.

Radium (Ra) is the first alpha-emitting therapy proven effective in human cancer. Prospective randomized trials indicate that Ra, which concentrates after intravenous injection in areas of osteoblastic metastatic disease, can prolong survival in bone-dominant castrate resistant prostate cancer patients. Though radium isotopic therapy is conceptually critical to demonstrate that alpha emitters can be safe and effective, Ra has inherent limitations given its restriction to bone metastatic disease.

Interplay of the Quality of Ciprofloxacin and Antibiotic Resistance in Developing Countries.

Ciprofloxacin, a second generation broad spectrum fluoroquinolone, is active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Ciprofloxacin has a high oral bioavailability and a large volume of distribution. It is used for the treatment of a wide range of infections including urinary tract infections caused by susceptible bacteria.

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy: Side Effects Defined and Quantified.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is an important advanced therapy in the treatment of problem wounds, including diabetic foot ulcers and late effect radiation injury. HBOT remains among the safest therapies used today. Nonetheless, there are side effects associated with HBOT.

Biosynthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using Jacaranda mimosifolia flowers extract: Synergistic antibacterial activity and molecular simulated facet specific adsorption studies.

The naturally occurring biomolecules present in the plant extracts have been identified to play an active role in the single step formation of nanoparticles with varied morphologies and sizes which is greener and environmentally benign. In the present work, spherical zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) of 2-4nm size were synthesized using aqueous extract of fallen Jacaranda mimosifolia flowers (JMFs), treated as waste. The microwave assisted synthesis was completed successfully within 5min.

Electrochemical sensing platform amplified with a nanobiocomposite of L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzyme for the detection of capsaicin.

The present study involves the development of a sensitive electrochemical biosensor for the determination of capsaicin extracted from chilli fruits, based on a novel signal amplification strategy using enzyme technology. For the first time, platinum electrode modified with multiwalled carbon nanotubes where phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzyme was immobilized using nafion was characterized by attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy, transmittance electron microscopy and thermo-gravimetric analysis supported by computational methods. Cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry measurements were performed to better understand the redox mechanism of capsaicin.

Studies on Bacterial Proteins Corona Interaction with Saponin Imprinted ZnO Nanohoneycombs and Their Toxic Responses.

Molecular imprinting generates robust, efficient, and highly mesoporous surfaces for biointeractions. Mechanistic interfacial interaction between the surface of core substrate and protein corona is crucial to understand the substantial microbial toxic responses at a nanoscale. In this study, we have focused on the mechanistic interactions between synthesized saponin imprinted zinc oxide nanohoneycombs (SIZnO NHs), average size 80-125 nm, surface area 20.

Single step in situ synthesis and optical properties of polyaniline/ZnO nanocomposites.

Polyaniline/ZnO nanocomposites were prepared by in situ oxidative polymerization of aniline monomer in the presence of different weight percentages of ZnO nanostructures. The steric stabilizer added to prevent the agglomeration of nanostructures in the polymer matrix was found to affect the final properties of the nanocomposite. ZnO nanostructures of various morphologies and sizes were prepared in the absence and presence of sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) surfactant under different reaction conditions like in the presence of microwave radiation (microwave oven), under pressure (autoclave), under vacuum (vacuum oven), and at room temperature (ambient condition).

Analysis of molecular genetic diversity in a representative collection of foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.] from different agro-ecological regions of India.

Foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.

Revisiting an era in Germany from the perspective of adolescents in mother-headed single-parent families.

Much of the documented work on families headed by single mothers is based on empirical evidence from North America and a few Anglo-Saxon countries. Many researchers consider single-mother families to be at a disadvantage because of nonsupportive family policies. This paper uses data from a social context that differed hugely in this respect-the German Democratic Republic (GDR).