Adjuvant Everolimus in Non-Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Clinical trial data on adjuvant therapy in patients with non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are scant.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of adjuvant everolimus after nephrectomy on recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with localized papillary and chromophobe RCC.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This prespecified subgroup analysis of a phase 3 randomized clinical trial, EVEREST, included patients enrolled between April 1, 2011, and September 15, 2016.

Pathological concordance rate and outcomes by subtype in advanced papillary renal cell carcinoma.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical significance of subtyping (type 1 vs 2) of papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) in patients treated with targeted therapy, as well as the concordance, sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) of local review pathology review.

Methods: Patients with advanced refractory PRCC were randomised to receive sunitinib or cabozantinib, crizotinib or savolitinib, stratified by PRCC subtype (type 1, type 2, or not otherwise specified [NOS]/mixed) by local review. Central review was retrospectively conducted by three expert genitourinary pathologists who independently reviewed cases.

Diabetes, Obesity, and Pathological Upstaging in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Results From a Large Multi-institutional Consortium.

Purpose: We sought to determine whether clinical risk factors and morphometric features on preoperative imaging can be utilized to identify those patients with cT1 tumors who are at higher risk of upstaging (pT3a).

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective international case-control study of consecutive patients treated surgically with radical or partial nephrectomy for nonmetastatic renal cell carcinoma (cT1 N0) conducted between January 2010 and December 2018. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to study associations of preoperative risk factors on pT3a pathological upstaging among all patients, as well as subsets with those with preoperative tumors ≤4 cm, renal nephrometry scores, tumors ≤4 cm with nephrometry scores, and clear cell histology.

Volumetric Analysis of Renal Masses as Predictors of Partial Nephrectomy Outcomes.

To examine the role of endophytic tumor volume (TV) assessment (endophycity) on perioperative partial nephrectomy (PN) outcomes. Retrospective review of 212 consecutive laparoscopic and open partial nephrectomies from single institution using preoperative imaging and 1-year follow-up. Demographics, comorbidities, RENAL nephrometry scores, and all peri- and postoperative outcomes were recorded.

Robot-assisted retroperitoneal lymph node dissection: a systematic review of perioperative outcomes.

Objective: To assess the safety and feasibility of robot-assisted retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (R-RPLND) and to compare the perioperative outcomes of R-RPLND with open RPLND (O-RPLND), as RPLND forms an integral part of the management of testis cancer and R-RPLND is a minimally invasive treatment option for this disease.

Materials And Methods: The PubMed , Scopus , Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science™ databases were searched for studies reporting perioperative outcomes of primary and post-chemotherapy R-RPLND and studies comparing R-RPLND with O-RPLND.

Results: The search yielded 42 articles describing R-RPLND, including five comparative studies.

Patency outcomes of primary inferior vena cava repair in radical nephrectomy and tumor thrombectomy.

Objective: The reconstruction of inferior vena cava (IVC) during radical nephrectomy and venous tumor thrombectomy (RN-VTT) is mostly performed with primary repair or with a patch/graft. We sought to systematically evaluate the outcomes of IVC patency over short- to intermediate-term follow-up for patients undergoing primary repair of IVC and to assess the association with survival.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients undergoing RN-VTT between January 2013 and August 2018 was conducted.

Predictors of participants' retention-socioeconomic factors or nonadherence: insights from a urological clinical prospective study.

Background: To investigate various patient-level variables, specifically socioeconomic status, as risk factors for withdrawal in a recently completed clinical study. We specifically investigated a non-interventional prospective study assessing the role of novel imaging as a biomarker for cancer upgradation in prostate cancer for this objective.

Methods: In this retrospective analysis, we assessed the association between various patient-level factors including clinic-demographic factors, socioeconomic status, and the number of non-adherences with the participants' retention or withdrawal from the study.

Impact of Finasteride on Survival in Bladder Cancer: A Retrospective Multi-institutional Database Analysis.

Introduction: Androgen suppression therapy has been associated with a lower incidence of bladder cancer (BCa) or improved overall/cancer-specific survival. Results are ofent conflicting; therefore, we aim to assess the impact of use of finasteride on overall survival (OS) for BCa using multi-institutional database.

Methods: The South Texas Veterans Healthcare System from 5 medical centers was queried for patients with BCa with or without use of finasteride after diagnosis of BCa.

A Decade of Robotic-Assisted Radical Nephrectomy with Inferior Vena Cava Thrombectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Perioperative Outcomes.

Purpose: Open radical nephrectomy with inferior vena cava thrombectomy (O-CT) is standard management for renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava thrombus. First reported a decade ago, robotic-assisted radical nephrectomy with inferior vena cava thrombectomy (R-CT) is a minimally invasive option for this disease. W aimed to perform a systematic review to assess the safety and feasibility of R-CT in terms of perioperative outcomes and compare the outcomes between R-CT and O-CT.

Absolute Prostate Specific Antigen after 6 Months of Androgen Deprivation Therapy Is a Predictor of Overall and Cancer-Specific Mortality in Men with Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: We sought to determine if absolute prostate specific antigen (PSA) value after 6 months of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is predictive of subsequent survival in patients with prostate adenocarcinoma.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective review of men receiving care within the Veterans Health Administration who initiated ADT for prostate adenocarcinoma. We used low- (≤0.

Chronic kidney damage pathology score for systematic assessment of the non-neoplastic kidney tissue and prediction of post-operative renal function outcomes.

To establish a systematic histological assessment of non-neoplastic kidney (NNK) tissue at the time of nephrectomy to evaluate a patient's risk of developing post-operative renal dysfunction, a combined prospective pathologic assessment of the NNK and a retrospective clinical chart review was conducted. A blinded nephropathologist performed standardized assessment of glomerular sclerosis, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, arteriosclerosis, and hyaline arteriolosclerosis. Combined these formulated the chronic kidney damage pathology score (CKDPS).

The association between sarcopenia and bladder cancer-specific mortality and all-cause mortality after radical cystectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

: To compare cancer-specific mortality (CSM) and all-cause mortality (ACM) between patients with and without sarcopenia who underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. : We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of original articles published from October 2010 to March 2019 evaluating the effect of sarcopenia on CSM and ACM. We extracted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CSM and ACM from the included studies.

Correlates of refusal of radical cystectomy in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate factors associated with radical cystectomy (RC) refusal, subsequent treatment decisions, and their influence on overall survival (OS).

Materials And Methods: We queried the National Cancer Database for patients with non-metastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), cT2-T4M0. Patients who refused recommended RC were further stratified by treatment into chemotherapy, radiation therapy, chemoradiotherapy, and no treatment groups.

Development and implementation of competency-based assessment for urological ultrasound training using SonoSim: A preliminary evaluation.

Introduction: Urology residents are encouraged to learn ultrasound (U/S) imaging, yet there are few tools available for teaching and assessing a resident`s competence. The aim of this study was to test the new SonoSim LiveScan and to propose a competency-based assessment model for the urology graduate medical education.

Materials And Methods: Urology residents attended an interactive training session covering the urological U/S techniques guided by the assessment model developed by the authors.

Oncologic and Functional Outcomes of Radical and Partial Nephrectomy in pT3a Pathologically Upstaged Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Multi-institutional Analysis.

Background: The efficacy of partial nephrectomy (PN) in setting of pT3a pathologic-upstaged renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is controversial. We compared oncologic and functional outcomes of radical nephrectomy (RN) and PN in patients with upstaged pT3a RCC.

Patients And Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective analysis of patients with cT1-2N0M0 RCC upstaged to pT3a postoperatively.

Nuclear NADPH oxidase-4 associated with disease progression in renal cell carcinoma.

Nuclear NADPH oxidase-4 (Nox4) is a key component of metabolic reprogramming and is often overexpressed in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, its prognostic role in RCC remains unclear. Here we examined the significance of nuclear Nox4 on disease progression and development of drug resistance in advanced RCC.

Microbiome within Primary Tumor Tissue from Renal Cell Carcinoma May Be Associated with PD-L1 Expression of the Venous Tumor Thrombus.

Objective: To perform a proof of concept microbiome evaluation and PD-L1 expression profiling in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (cc-RCC) with associated tumor thrombus (TT).

Methods: After IRB approval, six patients underwent radical nephrectomy (RN) with venous tumor thrombectomy (VTT). We collected fresh tissue specimens from normal adjacent, tumor, and thrombus tissues.

Urinary Diversion Disparity Following Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer in the Hispanic Population.

Objective: To determine if disparities in quality of surgical care exist between Hispanics and non-Hispanics undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.

Materials And Methods: An observational cohort study was conducted retrospectively on patients who underwent radical cystectomy for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder at our institution between January 2005 and July 2018. Data was collected on demographic, clinical, and pathological characteristics of patients, including self-reported ethnicity.

Risk Factors for Upstaging, Recurrence, and Mortality in Clinical T1-2 Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients Upstaged to pT3a Disease: An International Analysis Utilizing the 8th Edition of the Tumor-Node-Metastasis Staging Criteria.

Objective: To investigate risk factors for and outcomes in pathological T3a-upstaging in Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC), as Tumor-Node-Metastasis staging for T3a RCC was recently revised.

Methods: Multicenter retrospective analysis of patients with clinical T1-T2 RCC, stratified by occurrence of pathologic T3a-upstaging. Primary outcome was recurrence-free survival (RFS).

Screening logs from a pilot randomized controlled trial of radical cystectomy versus chemoradiation therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Introduction And Objectives: There is growing interest in a bladder preservation approach using chemoradiation therapy with transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT), i.e., combined modality treatment (CMT), for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).