Herbicide and irrigation management options in conventionally-tilled wheat: deciphering water and energy budgeting, and grain and monetary output in north-Indian plains.

In South Asia, declining water tables due to increased irrigation and labor shortages for manual weeding pose significant challenges for wheat production. Additionally, herbicide resistance, often resulting from poor management practices, further complicates weed problems. The objective of this study was to assess the impacts of traditional irrigation regimens (IRs) and herbicide application on wheat crops.

"Behavioural and metabolic risk factors of cardiovascular diseases among post-menopausal women: A cross-sectional study in Itahari sub-metropolitan city of Nepal".

Background And Objectives: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are main cause of mortality and morbidity among women globally. Menopause, aging and different factors in collaboration leads to increased risk for CVDs among postmenopausal women but study on risk factors of CVDs among postmenopausal women is limited in Nepal. Therefore, we aimed to assess prevalence of behavioural and metabolic risk factors of cardiovascular disease among post-menopausal women.

Surgical excision of recurrent renal angiomyolipoma after previous embolization and nephron-sparing surgery - A case report.

Introduction: Renal angiomyolipoma is the most common benign kidney tumor, representing 1-3 % of solid renal tumors. Despite its benign nature, it can be associated with lethal hemorrhage, and can also show signs of local extension mimicking malignant tumors. The cornerstone of treatment remains angioembolization and nephron sparing surgery.

A Comprehensive Review on Insect Repellent Agents: Medicinal Plants and Synthetic Compounds.

Plant-based repellents have been used for generations as personal protection against mosquitoes. Ethnobotanical studies provide valuable knowledge for developing natural prod-ucts. Commercial repellents with plant-based ingredients are popular, but insufficient studies follow Pesticide Evaluation Scheme WHO guidelines.

Jejunovesical Fistula Diagnosis After Normal Vaginal Delivery: A Case Report.

Unlabelled: Enterovesical fistula represents an abnormal communication between the intestine and bladder. The causes are diverticulitis (56.3%), malignant tumours, which are located mainly in the intestine (20.

Primary retroperitoneal solitary fibrous tumor: A case report.

Primary retroperitoneal masses have numerous differential diagnoses, many of which are rare entities. These can be neoplastic or nonneoplastic. Among the rare conditions are solitary fibrous tumors, which can either be benign or malignant.

A robust yet simple method to generate fluorescent amyloid nanofibers.

Covalent tagging of fluorophores is central to the mechanistic understanding of important biological processes including protein-protein interaction and protein aggregation. Hence, studies on fluorophore-tagged peptides help in elucidating the molecular mechanism of amyloidogenesis, its cellular internalization, and crosstalk potential. Despite the many advantages the covalently tagged proteins offer, difficulties such as expensive and tedious synthesis and purification protocols have become a matter of concern.

Nanotechnology based technological development in biofuel production: Current status and future prospects.

Depleting fossil fuels and net carbon emissions associated with their burning have driven the need to find alternative energy sources. Biofuels are near-perfect candidates for alternative energy sources as they are renewable and account for no net CO emissions. However, biofuel production must overcome various challenges to compete with conventional fuels.

Solution structure, dynamics and tetrahedral assembly of Anti-TRAP, a homo-trimeric triskelion-shaped regulator of tryptophan biosynthesis in .

Cellular production of tryptophan is metabolically expensive and tightly regulated. The small zinc binding Anti-TRAP protein (AT), which is the product of the gene, is upregulated in response to accumulating levels of uncharged tRNA through a T-box antitermination mechanism. AT binds to the undecameric ring-shaped protein TRAP ( RNA Binding Attenuation Protein), thereby preventing it from binding to the leader RNA.

Calmodulin promotes a Ca -dependent conformational change in the C-terminal regulatory domain of Ca 1.2.

Calmodulin (CaM) binds to the membrane-proximal cytosolic C-terminal domain of Ca 1.2 (residues 1520-1669, CT(1520-1669)) and causes Ca -induced conformational changes that promote Ca -dependent channel inactivation (CDI). We report biophysical studies that probe the structural interaction between CT(1520-1669) and CaM.

Morbidities, health problems, health care seeking and utilization behaviour among elderly residing on urban areas of eastern Nepal: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Morbidity increases with age and enhances the burden of health problems that result in new challenges to meet additional demands. In the ageing population, health problems, and health care utilization should be assessed carefully and addressed. This study aimed to identify chronic morbidities, health problems, health care seeking behaviour and health care utilization among the elderly.

Genesis of Neurotoxic Hybrid Nanofibers from the Coassembly of Aromatic Amino Acids.

Considering the relevance of accumulation and self-assembly of metabolites and aftermath of biological consequences, it is important to know whether they undergo coassembly and what properties the resultant hybrid higher-order structures would exhibit. This work reveals the inherent tendency of aromatic amino acids to undergo a spontaneous coassembly process under physiologically mimicked conditions, which yields neurotoxic hybrid nanofibers. Resultant hybrid nanostructures resembled the β-structured conformers stabilized by H-bonds and π-π stacking interactions, which were highly toxic to human neuroblastoma cells.

Determinants of severe acute malnutrition among under 5 children in Satar community of Jhapa, Nepal.

Background: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is the most extreme and visible form of undernutrition plagued by chronic poverty, household food insecurity, lack of education. One of the indigenous and marginalized community of Nepal, Satar/Santhal has often been neglected and is devoid of good education and are economically deprived. This predisposes under 5 children of Satar into malnutrition.

Study of Health-Related Quality of Life and Healthcare Utilization among Type 2 Diabetic Population in an Urban Area of Eastern Nepal.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and places huge burden on public health funding. Diabetes affects quality of life through associated complications, comorbidity, and disease burden. Consequently, people have frequent healthcare visits.

DNA binding induces a -to- switch in Cre recombinase to enable intasome assembly.

Mechanistic understanding of DNA recombination in the Cre system has largely been guided by crystallographic structures of tetrameric synaptic complexes. Those studies have suggested a role for protein conformational dynamics that has not been well characterized at the atomic level. We used solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to discover the link between intrinsic flexibility and function in Cre recombinase.

Catalytic effect on hydrogen de/absorption properties of MgH - x wt% MM (x = 0, 10, 20, 30) nanomaterials.

Reversible hydrogen storage in MgH under specified conditions is a possible way for the positive reception of hydrogen economy, in which the developments of cheap and highly efficient catalysts are the major challenge, still now. Herein, MgH - x wt% MM (x = 0, 10, 20, 30) nanomaterials are prepared via ball milling method and has been evaluated for the hydrogen storage performance, which are characterized by XRD, SEM and DTA/DSC. The hydrogen absorption properties of nanomaterials are measured by pressure composition isotherm, and analysis show that the MgH - 30 wt% MM nanomaterials have the maximum hydrogen absorption capacity (~ 3.

Risk perception towards healthcare waste among community people in Kathmandu, Nepal.

Background: Healthcare waste management is a serious issue in context of developing countries. Better assessment of both risks and effects of exposure would permit improvements in the management of healthcare waste. However, there is not yet clear understanding of risks, and as consequences, inadequate management practices are often implemented.

Staufen1 reads out structure and sequence features in ARF1 dsRNA for target recognition.

Staufen1 (STAU1) is a dsRNA binding protein mediating mRNA transport and localization, translational control and STAU1-mediated mRNA decay (SMD). The STAU1 binding site (SBS) within human ADP-ribosylation factor1 (ARF1) 3'UTR binds STAU1 and this downregulates ARF1 cytoplasmic mRNA levels by SMD. However, how STAU1 recognizes specific mRNA targets is still under debate.

The performance and yield of tuberculosis testing algorithms using microscopy, chest x-ray, and Xpert MTB/RIF.

Setting: The introduction of Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) and renewed interest in chest x-ray (CXR) for tuberculosis testing has provided additional choices to the smear-based diagnostic algorithms used by TB programs previously. More programmatic data is needed to better understand the implications of possible approaches.

Objective: We sought to evaluate how different testing algorithms using microscopy, Xpert and CXR impacted the number of people detected with TB in a district hospital in Nepal.

Health needs and risky behaviours among inmates in the largest prison of eastern Nepal.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to assess the health status and risky behaviours of inmates in Nepal.

Design/methodology/approach: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Jhumka Regional Prison, the largest male prison in eastern Nepal from September 2014 to August 2015. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews from 434 randomly selected incarcerated participants using semi-structured questionnaires.

Depression among inmates in a regional prison of eastern Nepal: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Depression is the most common form of mental disorder among inmates, with a prevalence much higher than in the general population. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of depression among inmates and identify factors associated with it.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Jhumka Regional Prison, the largest prison in eastern Nepal, from September 2014 to August 2015.

Health and Socioeconomic Status of the Elderly People Living in Hilly Areas of Pakhribas, Kosi Zone, Nepal.

Background: The rising geriatric population is facing significant health and social problems in the developing world that are impacting the quality of their lives.

Objective: The study describes the general health status and the socioeconomic characteristics of the elderly people of Pakhribas village development committee (VDC) of Eastern Nepal.

Materials And Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out targeting the people aged 60 years and above in the sample area using a semi-structured questionnaire and convenient sampling to get the required sample size.