Advancing the design of interspinous fixation devices for improved biomechanical performance: dual . single-locking set screw mechanisms and symmetrical . asymmetrical plate designs.

Background: Interspinous devices were introduced in the field of spine surgery as an alternative to traditional pedicle screw fixation in selected patients for treatment of spinal stenosis and fixation. These devices designs have evolved from non-fixated extension blocks to sophisticated interspinous fixation devices (IFDs). There is an absence of literature comparing the biomechanical fixation strength of different IFD plate designs and the role of set screw locking systems.

Salvage of failed direct lateral sacroiliac joint fixation using a new percutaneous lateral-oblique transfixation technique with two variable-threaded screws: a multicenter case report of three cases.

Background: The direct lateral trans-gluteal muscle splitting transiliac approach was popularized to fixate the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) using three cannulated triangular titanium implants (TTIs) wedges. Publications support efficacy of the direct lateral approach but a paucity of literature to help surgeons revise these implants when they fail. Intuitively the implants can be removed but require an open incision and dissection through the gluteal muscles and scar tissue which can lead to muscle and neurovascular injuries.

Effect of isopropyl side chain branching and different anions on electronic structure, vibrational spectra, and hydrogen bonding of isopropyl-imidazolium-based ionic liquids: Experimental and theoretical investigations.

In the present work, four branched methylated, 1,2-dimethyl-3-isopropyl-imidazolium (i-[CDmim]) and protonated,1-methyl-3-isopropyl-imidazolium (i-[Cmim])-based ionic liquids (ILs) with varying anion (Br, BF, PF, and NTf) were synthesized and investigated by NMR, infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopy. Based on infrared and Raman spectroscopy, complete vibrational assignments have been performed. The IR and Raman analysis revealed that the vibrational spectra are virtually unaffected upon methylation, while significant frequency changes were observed by changing anion.

Strong-field ionization of CHCl: proton migration and association.

Strong-field ionization of CHCl using femtosecond laser pulses, and the subsequent two-body dissociation of CHCl along H ( = 1-3) and HCl forming pathways, have been experimentally studied in a home-built COLTRIMS (cold target recoil ion momentum spectrometer) setup. The single ionization rate of CHCl was obtained experimentally by varying the laser intensity from 1.6 × 10 W cm to 2.

Stereotactic Ventriculostomy Guide.

Introduction Based on the anatomy of the frontal horn, a stereotactic ventriculostomy guidance system that does not need an elaborate setup and is suitable for ventricles of all sizes was developed. The objective of this paper is to describe this system and present the results of a cadaveric study in which this system was used. Method The system has a midline-based plate that is contoured to snugly fit the top of the head.

Inter Spinal Fixation and Stabilization Device for Lumbar Radiculopathy and Back Pain.

Introduction: Generally, interspinal distractor fixation devices are used for severe low back pain associated with neurogenic claudication, and radiculopathy with central or lateral recess stenosis and/or foraminal narrowing. In this paper, the authors result in cases of severe low back pain and lumbar radiculopathy in whom this device was used with excellent results.

Method: This is a retrospective study.

A comprehensive multidisciplinary investigation on CO capture from diesel engine.

Climate change and global warming are the visible consequences of the increased amount of carbon dioxide (CO) in the atmosphere. Among the various sources of anthropogenic CO emission, the diesel engine has a significant contribution. The development of a reliable system to efficiently minimize CO emissions from diesel engines to the safest level is lacking in the open literature.

CT Scan and Clinical Outcomes of Novel Lateral-Oblique Percutaneous Sacroiliac Joint (SIJ) Fixation: Technique and Literature Review.

Purpose The sacroiliac joint (SIJ) is estimated to be a source of pain in 15%-30% of patients presenting for the evaluation of low back pain. The SIJ may develop symptoms in an estimated 43% of patients who have had previous lumbar fusion surgeries. With increased awareness of SIJ as a pain source and for those patients who have intractable pain and who fail nonoperative treatment, surgery to stabilize the SIJ is becoming more common.

Sequential and cellular detection of copper and lactic acid by disaggregation and reaggregation of the fluorescent panchromatic fibres of an acylthiourea based sensor.

We report, for the first time, the self-assembly of an acyl-thiourea based sensor, N-{(6-methoxy-pyridine-2-yl) carbamothioyl}benzamide (NG1), with panchromatic fluorescent fibres and its dual-sensing properties for the sequential detection of Cu2+ ions and lactic acid. The panchromatic fibres formed by NG1 were disrupted in the presence of Cu2+ ions and this was accompanied by a visible colour change in the solution from colourless to yellow. The addition of lactic acid to the NG1 + Cu2+ solution, on the other hand, induced re-aggregation to fibrillar structures and the colour of the solution again changed to colourless.

Hybrid Structure of Ionic Liquid and TiO Nanoclusters for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

Hydrogen energy has received significant attention in the renewable energy sector due to its high energy density and environmentally friendly nature. For the efficient hydrogen generation from water, the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) has to be optimized, which requires a highly efficient electrocatalyst. In this work, a hybrid structure of the ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate (Cmim TfO) and (TiO) nanoclusters with = 2-12 has been investigated in the pursuit of new catalyst materials for effective HER.

Strong-field ionization of polyatomic molecules: ultrafast H atom migration and bond formation in the photodissociation of CHOH.

Strong-field ionization induces various complex phenomena like bond breaking, intramolecular hydrogen migration, and bond association in polyatomic molecules. The H-atom migration and bond formation in CH3OH induced by intense femtosecond laser pulses are investigated using a Velocity Map Imaging (VMI) spectrometer. Various laser parameters like intensity (1.

Impact of alkyl chain length and water on the structure and properties of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquids.

The influence of the length of the alkyl chain and water molecules on the hydrogen-bond interaction of the chloride anion and imidazolium-based cation of the ionic liquid (IL) Cmim Cl (where n = 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) was investigated by combining attenuated total internal reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Here, for the first time, the conformational isomerism of the alkyl chain of Cmim Cl (n = 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) is identified by marker IR bands. The IR peak at 1470 cm related to the alkyl chain vibration exhibits a significant perturbation in its intensity and further shows a red shift upon increasing alkyl chain length.

Impact of Size and Electronegativity of Halide Anions on Hydrogen Bonds and Properties of 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids.

The effect of the anion size and electronegativity of halide-based anions (Cl, Br, I, and BF) on the interionic interaction in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) Cmim X (X = Cl, Br, I, and BF) is studied by a combined approach of experiments (Raman, IR, UV-vis spectroscopy) and quantum chemical calculations. The fingerprint region of the Raman spectra of these Cmim X ion-pairs provides evidence of the presence of the conformational isomerism in the alkyl chain of the Cmim cation. The Raman and IR bands of the imidazolium C-H stretch vibration for Cmim X (X = Cl, Br, I, and BF) were noticeably blue-shifted with the systematic change in size of anions and the electronegativity.

Traumatic pulmonary pseudocyst: a case report.

Traumatic pulmonary pseudocyst is a rare clinical event that may occur following chest trauma. This complication usually occurs as a result of blunt trauma and rarely, due to a penetrating injury. We report an unusual case of a 10-year-old boy who developed a left-sided pneumothorax along with a traumatic pulmonary pseudocyst when he was hit by a cricket ball while playing.