Explainable AI-based Deep-SHAP for mapping the multivariate relationships between regional neuroimaging biomarkers and cognition.

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI)/Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with cognitive decline beyond normal aging and linked to the alterations of brain volume quantified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and amyloid-beta (Aβ) quantified by positron emission tomography (PET). Yet, the complex relationships between these regional imaging measures and cognition in MCI/AD remain unclear. Explainable artificial intelligence (AI) may uncover such relationships.