Antimicrobial susceptibility profile, treatment outcome and serotype distribution of clinical isolates of subspecies : a 2-year study from Kerala, South India.

Background/purpose: Typhoid and paratyphoid fever continue to be important causes of illness and death in parts of Asia, being associated with poor sanitation and consumption of unsafe food and water. Antimicrobial resistance has emerged to traditional first-line drugs, namely, the fluoroquinolones, as well as to third-generation cephalosporins, posing challenges to treatment. Azithromycin has proven to be an effective alternative for treatment of uncomplicated typhoid fever.

Fatal non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae septicaemia in a patient with chronic liver disease.

A 49-year-old male with underlying liver disease presented with fever and signs of sepsis. Non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae was isolated from his blood culture, which was positive for the hlyA and toxR genes. We report this fatal case of non-O1/non-O139 V.