Comparison of gastric emptying time between breast-fed and formula milk-fed infants less than 6 months old, using gastric ultrasound-An observational study.

Background: Fasting before elective anesthesia care is a standardized practice worldwide. The aim is to decrease the risk of aspiration leading to pulmonary complications such as aspiration pneumonitis during anesthesia care. There are different guidelines for elective preoperative fasting in children.

Management and outcomes of pseudoaneurysms presenting with late hemorrhage following pancreatic surgery: A six-year experience from a tertiary care center.

Background/purpose: Late hemorrhage following pancreatic surgery is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Pseudoaneurysm (PSA) is an important source of late hemorrhage, which is effectively and safely managed by embolization. We aim to retrospectively review the outcomes of embolization for pseudoaneurysms causing late post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage over a period of six-years at our tertiary care center.

Serial Ultrasonographic-measurement of Gastric Residual Volume in Critically Ill Patients for Prediction of Gastric Tube Feed Intolerance.

Objective: To study the use of serial ultrasound gastric residual volume (GRV) measurements in predicting feed intolerance in critically ill patients.

Patients And Methods: This study was conducted in various intensive care units (ICUs) of All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. Forty-three critically ill patients aged more than 18 years were studied for a total of 130 enteral feeding days.

Benign Hepatic Nodules in Patients With Primary Extrahepatic Portal Vein Obstruction: Clinical and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features.

Background/objective: To retrospectively evaluate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of benign hepatic nodules in patients with extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO) and assess predictable features for their development.

Methods: This retrospective observational study included 18 diagnosed patients of EHPVO who underwent contrast enhanced abdominal MRI at our Institute between June 2016 and May 2017, and who could be followed up for at least two years. The patients with liver nodules formed the study group (n = 8; 4 males, 4 females; mean age: 26.

Percutaneous radiological interventions of the portal vein: a comprehensive review.

The portal vein is the largest vessel supplying the liver. A number of radiological interventions are performed through the portal vein, namely for primary pathologies of the portal vein, for inducing liver hypertrophy or to treat the sequelae of portal hypertension among others. The routes used include direct transhepatic, transjugular, and, uncommonly, trans-splenic and through subcutaneous varices.

Accelerometer-based portable navigation, a faster guide compared to computer-assisted navigation in bilateral total knee arthroplasty-a randomized controlled study.

Purpose: There are limited studies in the literature comparing the alignment accuracy of  the large console, imageless, computer-assisted navigation (CAN) and portable, hand-held, accelerometer-based navigation (ABN) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA).  This study was aimed to compare the operative time, blood loss, radiological, clinical and functional outcomes between CAN- and ABN-guided bilateral TKA.

Methods: From Jan 2016 to Dec 2017, 50 patients who underwent bilateral TKA were randomized to undergo either CAN-guided or ABN-guided TKA.

Role of Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis and Grading of Hepatic Steatosis in Patients With Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Comparison With Ultrasonography and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming the most common cause of cirrhosis. Although magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is considered the gold standard, it has a few limitations. The role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), which is a simpler sequence, in the diagnosis and grading of fatty liver is not well studied.

Current updates in image-guided musculoskeletal interventions.

Image-guided musculoskeletal interventions are frequently done in clinical practice. Even then, the literature regarding their effectiveness is relatively scarce. Image guidance adds value over the conventional landmark-based approach and should be preferred.

Role of diffusion tensor imaging in the evaluation of ulnar nerve involvement in leprosy.

Objective: Early detection of peripheral neuropathy is extremely important as leprosy is one of the treatable causes of peripheral neuropathy. The study was undertaken to assess the role of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in ulnar neuropathy in leprosy patients.

Methods: This was a case-control study including 38 patients (72 nerves) and 5 controls (10 nerves) done between January 2017 and June 2019.

Imaging of traumatic peripheral nerve injuries.

Nerves are commonly injured in case of blunt or penetrating trauma to the extremities. Patients with nerve injuries have profound consequences and thus a timely decision for operative management is a very important. Conventionally, management decisions have been based on clinical findings, patient course and electrophysiological studies.

Lateral Coronal Bowing of Femur and/or Tibia Amplifies the Varus Malalignment of Lower Limb as well as Increases Functional Disability in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis.

Purpose: In the present study, we aimed at assessing the effect of femoral and tibial coronal bowing on varus malalignment and Oxford knee score (OKS) at different grades of knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Materials And Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary referral centre in New Delhi, India. Consecutive patients presenting to the "knee OA" outpatient clinics were invited to take part in the study conducted over a 12-month period.

Utility of first order MRI-Texture analysis parameters in the prediction of histologic grade and muscle invasion in urinary bladder cancer: a preliminary study.

Objective: To explore the utility of first-order MRI-texture analysis (TA) parameters in predicting histologic grade and muscle invasion in urinary bladder cancer (UBC).

Methods: After ethical clearance, 40 patients with UBC, who were imaged on a 3.0-Tesla scanner, were retrospectively included.

Hemorrhage and Rupture of an Unusual Benign Liver Lesion in Pregnancy: A Case Report.

Liver rupture in pregnancy is an acute condition with significant risk to the mother and fetus. It is known to occur with tumors such as hepatic adenoma, infective causes such as abscess, granulomatous diseases, and parasitic infections, and rarely spontaneously. Most of these conditions have overlapping clinicoradiological findings, almost always requiring histopathological confirmation.

Indian Council of Medical Research consensus document on hepatocellular carcinoma.

This document aims to assist oncologists in making clinical decisions encountered while managing their patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), specific to Indian practice, based on consensus among experts. Most patients are staged by Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system which comprises patient performance status, Child-Pugh status, number and size of nodules, portal vein invasion and metastasis. Patients should receive multidisciplinary care.

Diagnosis and management of hemorrhagic complications of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage: a primer for residents.

Hemorrhagic complications are uncommon after percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage. The presenting features include bleeding through or around the drainage catheter, hematemesis or melena. Diagnosis requires cholangiography, CT angiography or conventional angiography.

Noninvasive Staging of Liver Fibrosis Using 5-Minute Delayed Dual-Energy CT: Comparison with US Elastography and Correlation with Histologic Findings.

Background Normalized iodine concentration (NIC) (ratio of iodine concentration of liver to that of aorta) of liver at delayed dual-energy CT (DECT) may reflect the amount of fibrosis based on the extent of iodine uptake. Purpose To stage liver fibrosis by using 5-minute delayed DECT and compare findings with those of transient elastography (TE), shear-wave elastography (SWE), and histologic examination. Materials and Methods This prospective study included patients with chronic liver disease who were scheduled to undergo multiphase abdominal CT and liver biopsy from January 2017 to September 2018.

Clinico-radiological review of peripheral entrapment neuropathies - Part 2 Lower limb.

Purpose: This review discusses the relevant anatomy, etiopathogenesis, current notions in clinical and imaging features as well as management outline of lower limb entrapment neuropathies.

Methods: The review is based on critical analysis of the current literature as well as our experience in dealing with entrapment neuropathies of the lower limb.

Results: The complex anatomical network of nerves supplying the lower extremities are prone to entrapment by a heterogenous group of etiologies.

Superior patient satisfaction in medial pivot as compared to posterior stabilized total knee arthroplasty: a prospective randomized study.

Purpose: Medial pivot (MP) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) aims to restore native knee kinematics due to highly conforming medial tibio-femoral articulation with survival comparable to contemporary knee designs. Posterior stabilized (PS) TKAs use cam-post mechanism to restore native femoral rollback. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding the reported patient satisfaction with MP TKA designs when compared to PS TKAs.

Gallbladder cancer revisited: the evolving role of a radiologist.

Gallbladder cancer is the most common malignancy of the biliary tract. It is also the most aggressive biliary tumor with the shortest median survival duration. Complete surgical resection, the only potentially curative treatment, can be accomplished only in those patients who are diagnosed at an early stage of the disease.

Clinico-radiological review of peripheral entrapment neuropathies - Part 1 upper limb.

Purpose: This article aims to review the pertinent anatomy, etiopathogenesis, current clinical and radiological concepts and principles of management in case of upper limb entrapment neuropathies.

Methods: The review is based on critical analysis of the existing literature as well as our experience in dealing with entrapment neuropathies.

Results: Entrapment neuropathies of the upper limb peripheral nerves are common conditions that are often misdiagnosed because of their varying clinical presentations and lack of standardized diagnostic methods.