[Active syphilis infection in homeless people and associated factors].

Objective: To identify the personal and sociodemographic factors associated with the syphilis infection in homeless people in Medellin city, 2016.

Materials And Methods: Quantitative, observational and cross-sectional study. it surveyed 145 homeless people between 18 and 59 years of age.

Basuco consumption in transgender women across three cities in Colombia.

This article aims to describe the factors associated with basuco consumption in transgender women (TW) in three cities in Colombia, South America. A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out using Respondent-Driven Sampling (RDS) and included 688 transgender women participants from Bogotá, Medellín and Santiago de Cali. Descriptive analyses, bivariate associations, and a binomial regression were performed.

Factors associated with the perception of HIV vulnerability among transgender women in three Colombian cities.

Objective: To describe the perception of vulnerability to HIV and its associated factors among transgender women (TW) in Bogotá, Medellín and Santiago de Cali, Colombia.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study, using respondent-driven sampling (RDS) in which 620 TW participated. Sociodemographic aspects, sexual behavior, consumption of psychoactive substances and the perception of vulnerability to HIV were studied.

Prevalence of HIV/Hepatitis C Virus Co-Infection and Injection Risk Correlations in People Who Inject Drugs in Colombia: A Cross-Sectional Study Using Respondent Driven Sampling.

In Colombia, an exponential growth of people who inject drugs (PWID) has been reported over the past decades. The main burden of disease in PWID is attributed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) and their co-infection is associated with poor prognosis, high morbidity and treatment related implications. Nevertheless, the prevalence of HIV/HCV co-infection in Colombian PWIDs is unknown.

Use of injected heroin and risk of hepatitis C in three cities in Colombia.

Introduction: Hepatitis C is one of the most neglected diseases by governments internationally.

Objective: Identify the prevalence of hepatitis C and associated injection drug users in three cities of factors Colombia.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of 668 injecting drug users recruited through respondent-driven sampling, inquired about demographic characteristics and risk behaviors.

Drug dealing and drug using behaviors among people who inject drugs in Colombia: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: People who inject drugs (PWID) are highly exposed to drug-dealing networks. In Colombia, a recent dramatic increase in drug consumption has been reported. However, involvement of PWID in drug dealing, their demographics, and drug using behaviors has not been studied.

Hepatitis C and HIV in injecting drug users in Armenia, Colombia.

A constant and progressive increase in the availability of heroin in Colombia in recent decades and the intravenous use  of this drug have established the need to prevent a possible epidemic of HIV and hepatitis C. This research determined the sero-prevalence of hepatitis C and HIV according to sociodemographic characteristics and risk behaviors in people who inject drugs in Armenia, Colombia. This is a cross-sectional study on 265 users captured through respondent-driven sampling after informed consent.

[Self-rated health in adults: influence of poverty and income inequality in the area of residence].

Objective: To evaluate the influence of income inequality and poverty in the towns of Bogotá, Colombia, on poor self-rated health among their residents.

Methods: The study was based on a multipurpose survey applied in Bogotá-Colombia. A hierarchical data structure (individuals=level1, locations=level 2) was used to define a logit-type multilevel logistic model.

[Prevalence of Alcohol Abuse and Dependence in Adults With Social Phobia in Medellin].

Introduction: Having a social phobia may lead to consuming alcohol for greater social assertiveness, running the risk of leading to an abuse disorder or alcohol dependence. The aim of the study was to estimate prevalence of pathological comorbidity between social phobia and alcohol consumption in adults of the city of Medellin, and the behavior of comorbidity by gender, age, presence of a father figure in childhood, and education.

Methods: Secondary analysis of the database of the first Mental Health Population Survey conducted in the city of Medellin in 2011 and 2012 based on the methodology of the World Mental Health Survey guidelines and coordinated by WHO-HARVARD.

Depression and neighborhood violence among children and early adolescents in Medellin, Colombia.

Violence is considered one of the most important public health problems among Latino countries. In Colombia, approximately 41% of Medellin's inhabitants have witnessed a homicide, 75% have witnessed an aggressive incident, and 40% have been victims of other types of violent incidents. Despite increased national/international attention paid to the effects of neighborhood violence exposure on childhood depression, little is still known about this phenomenon in non-clinical samples.

[Use of the condom and knowledge on HIV prevention among the injector's drugs in two Colombian cities].

This research focuses on the use of the condom among injector drug users and the identification of their knowledge on HIV prevention that can inform interventions. A cross- sectional study was conducted, using respondent driven sampling (RDS); the sample was composed of 540 participants, of 18 years of age or older. The survey included counseling for HIV testing and the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases.

[Use of Emerging Drugs in Medellín, Colombia].

Introduction: The ongoing emergence of new synthetic substances that are used as drugs is a constant challenge to public health. Emerging drugs is the concept used in this research project to define the emergence of new psychoactive substances at a given time, a specific context and group, the reemergence of others that some epidemiologists considered had lost their prevalence, and the sudden prevalence of drugs that had low levels of consumption.

Method: This research project was carried out using an empirical-analytical approach using a mixed methods study.

[Labour factors associated with post-traumatic stress in uniformed workers in Medellín].

Objective: Determining the labor factors associated with post-traumatic stress in uniformed workers in Medellin.

Method: A cross-sectional study was made of 124 uniformed workers aged 20 to 48 years-old. A survey was made using an adults' post-traumatic stress instrument which had been validated in Medellin.

[Preliminary construction of a questionnaire about knowledge of HIV/AIDS in Colombian veterans].

In order to identify the level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS in Colombia veterans of war in the year 2009, a questionnaire was designed, built and validated, using a mixed design, for which three stages were followed: 1) Bibliographic review and construction of items of the questionnaire using a focus group, 2) Evaluation of content validity by a pannel of experts, 3) APLICACION of the final questionnaire, we selected non-randomly 323 people who were part of group of veterans in Colombia, and 4) Validation of the questionnaire through the evaluation of internal consistency and principal component analysis. We found that the questionnaire explored three factors: forms of infection, inadequate beliefs, and HIV prevention, which accounted for 52% of the variance. The survey showed adequate internal consistency values (Cronbach's α = 0.

[Validation of the abbreviated Zarit scales for measuring burden syndrome in the primary caregiver of an elderly patient].

Objective: To determine which abbreviated Zarit Scale (ZS) better evaluates the burden of the caregiver of an elderly patient in Medellin, Colombia.

Design: Validation study.

Setting: Primary Care setting in the city of Medellin.