Comparative Performance of Autoencoders and Traditional Machine Learning Algorithms in Clinical Data Analysis for Predicting Post-Staged GKRS Tumor Dynamics.

Accurate prediction of tumor dynamics following Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) is critical for optimizing treatment strategies for patients with brain metastases (BMs). Traditional machine learning (ML) algorithms have been widely used for this purpose; however, recent advancements in deep learning, such as autoencoders, offer the potential to enhance predictive accuracy. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of autoencoders compared to traditional ML models in predicting tumor progression or regression after GKRS.

A Holographic-Type Model in the Description of Polymer-Drug Delivery Processes.

A unitary model of drug release dynamics is proposed, assuming that the polymer-drug system can be assimilated into a multifractal mathematical object. Then, we made a description of drug release dynamics that implies, via Scale Relativity Theory, the functionality of continuous and undifferentiable curves (fractal or multifractal curves), possibly leading to holographic-like behaviors. At such a conjuncture, the Schrödinger and Madelung multifractal scenarios become compatible: in the Schrödinger multifractal scenario, various modes of drug release can be "mimicked" (via period doubling, damped oscillations, modulated and "chaotic" regimes), while the Madelung multifractal scenario involves multifractal diffusion laws (Fickian and non-Fickian diffusions).

Towards Multifractality through an Ernst-Type Potential in Complex Systems Dynamics.

Some possible correspondences between the Scale Relativity Theory and the Space-Time Theory can be established. Since both the multifractal Schrödinger equation from the Scale Relativity Theory and the General Relativity equations for a gravitational field with axial symmetry accept the same SL(2R)-type invariance, an Ernst-type potential (from General Relativity) and also a multi-fractal tensor (from Scale Relativity) are highlighted in the description of complex systems dynamics. In this way, a non-differentiable description of complex systems dynamics can become functional, even in the case of standard theories (General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics).

Coherences in the Dynamics of Physical Systems from a Multifractal Perspective of Motion.

Using an analogy between the multi-fractal Schrödinger equation and the dumped oscillator equation through a special ansatz, Stoler-type coherences in the dynamics of physical systems are highlighted. Such a result implies a Ricatti-type gauge, a process that can be considered a calibration of the difference between the kinetic and potential energy of a Lagrangian, specified as a perfect square in generic coordinates.

Theoretical and Experimental Aspects of Sodium Diclofenac Salt Release from Chitosan-Based Hydrogels and Possible Applications.

Two formulations based on diclofenac sodium salt encapsulated into a chitosan hydrogel were designed and prepared, and their drug release was investigated by combining in vitro results with mathematical modeling. To understand how the pattern of drug encapsulation impacted its release, the formulations were supramolecularly and morphologically characterized by scanning electron microscopy and polarized light microscopy, respectively. The mechanism of diclofenac release was assessed by using a mathematical model based on the multifractal theory of motion.

The Cracking Behavior of Two Dental Composite Materials Validated through Multifractal Analyzes.

The aim of this in vitro study was to analyze, both experimentally and theoretically, the mechanical behavior of two types of composite materials used in restoring dental integrity. The samples of each composite resin, namely Filtek Supreme XT (3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) and Filtek Z250 (3M ESPE, St.

Drug-Loaded Polymeric Particulated Systems for Ophthalmic Drugs Release.

Drug delivery to the anterior or posterior segments of the eye is a major challenge due to the protection barriers and removal mechanisms associated with the unique anatomical and physiological nature of the ocular system. The paper presents the preparation and characterization of drug-loaded polymeric particulated systems based on pre-emulsion coated with biodegradable polymers. Low molecular weight biopolymers (chitosan, sodium hyaluronate and heparin sodium) were selected due to their ability to attach polymer chains to the surface of the growing system.

Update on the Use of Nanocarriers and Drug Delivery Systems and Future Directions in Cervical Cancer.

Cervical cancer represents a major health problem among females due to its increased mortality rate. The conventional therapies are very aggressive and unsatisfactory when it comes to survival rate, especially in terminal stages, which requires the development of new treatment alternatives. With the use of nanotechnology, various chemotherapeutic drugs can be transported via nanocarriers directly to cervical cancerous cells, thus skipping the hepatic first-pass effect and decreasing the rate of chemotherapy side effects.

Infectious Inflammatory Processes and the Role of Bioactive Agent Released from Imino-Chitosan Derivatives Experimental and Theoretical Aspects.

The paper focuses on the development of a multifractal theoretical model for explaining drug release dynamics (drug release laws and drug release mechanisms of cellular and channel-type) through scale transitions in scale space correlated with experimental data. The mathematical model has been developed for a hydrogel system prepared from chitosan and an antimicrobial aldehyde via covalent imine bonds. The reversible nature of the imine linkage points for a progressive release of the antimicrobial aldehyde is controlled by the reaction equilibrium shifting to the reagents, which in turn is triggered by aldehyde consumption in the inhibition of the microbial growth.

Implications and Consequences of SL(2R) as Invariance Group in the Description of Complex Systems Dynamics from a Multifractal Perspective of Motion.

Possible implications and consequences of using SL(2R) as invariance groups in the description at any scale resolution of the dynamics of any complex system are analyzed. From this perspective and based on Jaynes' remark (any circumstance left unspecified in the description of any complex system dynamics has the concrete expression in the existence of an invariance group), in the present paper one specifies such unspecified circumstances that result directly from the consideration of the canonical formalism induced by the SL(2R) as invariance group. It follows that both the Hamiltonian function and the Guassian distribution acquire the status of invariant group functions, the parameters that define the Hamiltonian acquire statistical significances based on a principle of maximizing informational energy, the class of statistical hypotheses specific to Gaussians of the same average acts as transitivity manifolds of the group (transitivity manifolds which can be correlated with the multifractal-non-multifractal scale transitions), joint invariant functions induced through SL(2R) groups isomorphism (the SL(2R) variables group, and the SL(2R) parameters group, etc.

Impact of the Liquid Crystal Order of Poly(azomethine-sulfone)s on the Semiconducting Properties.

Organic semiconductors are an attractive class of materials with large application in various fields, from optoelectronics to biomedicine. Usually, organic semiconductors have low electrical conductivity, and different routes towards improving said conductivity are being investigated. One such method is to increase their ordering degree, which not only improves electrical conduction but promotes cell growth, adhesion, and proliferation at the polymer-tissue interface.

Complex Behavior in the Dynamics of a Polymeric Biocomposite Material-"Liquid Wood". Experimental and Theoretical Aspects.

The purpose of the present paper is to analyze, both experimentally and theoretically, the behavior of the polymeric biocomposite generically known as "liquid wood", trademarked as Arbofill. The experimental part refers to the mechanical performance in tension and compression, having as finality the possibility of using "liquid wood" as a material suitable for the rehabilitation of degraded wooden elements in civil structures (ex. use in historical buildings, monuments etc.

Prospects and Challenges of the Drug Delivery Systems in Endometriosis Pain Management: Experimental and Theoretical Aspects.

Endometriosis is considered a serious public health issue because of the large number of females affected by this illness. Chronic pain management in patients with endometriosis demands new strategies to increase the life quality of these patients. The development of drug delivery systems represents a new approach in pain treatment among endometriosis patients.

Multifractality through Non-Markovian Stochastic Processes in the Scale Relativity Theory. Acute Arterial Occlusions as Scale Transitions.

By assimilating biological systems, both structural and functional, into multifractal objects, their behavior can be described in the framework of the scale relativity theory, in any of its forms (standard form in Nottale's sense and/or the form of the multifractal theory of motion). By operating in the context of the multifractal theory of motion, based on multifractalization through non-Markovian stochastic processes, the main results of Nottale's theory can be generalized (specific momentum conservation laws, both at differentiable and non-differentiable resolution scales, specific momentum conservation law associated with the differentiable-non-differentiable scale transition, etc.).

A Theoretical Model for Release Dynamics of an Antifungal Agent Covalently Bonded to the Chitosan.

The aim of the study was to create a mathematical model useful for monitoring the release of bioactive aldehydes covalently bonded to the chitosan by reversible imine linkage, considered as a polymer-drug system. For this purpose, two hydrogels were prepared by the acid condensation reaction of chitosan with the antifungal 2-formyl-phenyl-boronic acid and their particularities; influencing the release of the antifungal aldehyde by shifting the imination equilibrium to the reagents was considered, i.e.

The Role of Information in Managing Interactions from a Multifractal Perspective.

In the framework of the multifractal hydrodynamic model, the correlations informational entropy-cross-entropy manages attractive and repulsive interactions through a multifractal specific potential. The classical dynamics associated with them imply Hubble-type effects, Galilei-type effects, and dependences of interaction constants with multifractal degrees at various scale resolutions, while the insertion of the relativistic amendments in the same dynamics imply multifractal transformations of a generalized Lorentz-type, multifractal metrics invariant to these transformations, and an estimation of the dimension of the multifractal Universe. In such a context, some correspondences with standard cosmologies are analyzed.

A Theoretical Multifractal Model for Assessing Urea Release from Chitosan Based Formulations.

This paper reports the calibration of a theoretical multifractal model based on empirical data on the urea release from a series of soil conditioner systems. To do this, a series of formulations was prepared by in situ hydrogelation of chitosan with salicylaldehyde in the presence of different urea amounts. The formulations were morphologically characterized by scanning electron microscopy and polarized light microscopy.

New mechanisms of vesicles migration.

In multicellular organisms, both health and disease are defined by means of communication patterns involving the component cells. Despite the intricate networks of soluble mediators, cells are also programed to exchange complex messages pre-assembled as multimolecular cargo of membranous structures known as extracellular vesicles (EVs). Several biogenetic pathways produce EVs with different properties able to orchestrate neighboring cell reactions or to establish an environment ripe for spreading tumor cells.

Genetic polymorphisms of TNFA and IL-1A and generalized aggressive periodontitis.

Virulent bacteria could cause gingival fibroblasts apoptosis through lipopolysaccharide release during generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) development and evolution. We showed that treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 μg/mL) for 30 days induced the decrease in the number of cultured rat gingival fibroblasts as compared to control group, which received no treatment. GAgP is considered to have also a genetic etiology, so the aim of our study was to evaluate if some polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFA) and interleukin 1A (IL-1A) genes are associated with GAgP in a sample of Romanian population.