High-dose ACEi might be harmful in COVID-19 patients with serious respiratory distress syndrome by leading to excessive bradykinin receptor activation.

Purpose: We aimed to critically review the available information on the potential contribution of excessive kallikrein-kinin systems (KKSs) activation to severe respiratory inflammation in SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the likely consequence of ACE inhibition in seriously affected patients.

Methods: The literature related to the above topic was reviewed including papers that analysed the connections, actions, interactions, consequences and occasionally suggestions for rational interventions.

Results/conclusion: Severe broncho-alveolar inflammation seems to be caused, at least in part, by upregulation of the KKS that increases plasma and/or local tissue concentrations of bradykinin (BK) in patients with COVID-19 infection.

Development and validation of a liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric method for determination of eleven coccidiostats in milk.

A reversed phase liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric method with simple solvent extraction and purification by solid phase extraction (SPE) has been developed for the determination of coccidiostats in milk. For sample preparation matrix solid phase dispersion, extraction by organic solvent and SPE with different cartridges were also tested. The compounds determined include lasalocid, narasin, salinomycin, monensin, semduramicin, maduramicin, robenidine, decoquinate, halofuginone, nicarbazin and diclazuril.

Ciprofibrate increases paraoxonase activity in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Aims: Diabetic dyslipidaemia with decreased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration plays a key role in enhanced atherosclerosis. The antioxidant effect of HDL is due to the influence of human paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and several authors have described decreased activity of this enzyme in Type 2 diabetics and subjects with metabolic syndrome. The goal of this study was to examine the effect of daily ciprofibrate on serum PON1 and lipoprotein concentrations in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Analysis of the cough sound frequency in adults and children with bronchial asthma.

It is well known that the frequency distribution of cough sound varies in different pathological conditions. Its identification could have diagnostic value. In this study the cough sound frequency in adults (n=20, 51.

[Use of recording methods and sound analysis of cough in the study of sound phenomena associated with respiration].

The objective registration of the human body functions is one of the main tasks of the modern and prospective medicine. The registration of the heart, brain, muscles etc. activity have a long tradition.

Spectra of the voluntary first cough sounds.

The voluntary cough sounds recorded according to Korpas and Sadlonova-Korpasova were sampled at a frequency of 20.000Hz and spectra of six consecutive windows of 50ms were estimated. To digitize signals an autotrigger mode was used.

Acid-base balance and cardiac index in SO2-bronchitic, papaine-emphysematous and paraquat-fibrotic rats after isoproterenol treatment.

SO2-bronchitis, papaine-emphysema and paraquat fibrosis were induced in Wistar rats. Blood pressure, cardiac index, total peripheral resistance, arterial blood gas values, parameters of acid-base balance were determined. Effects of 0.

Effects of arachidonic acid and prostaglandin F2 alpha in isolated rat lungs.

Isolated rat lungs were ventilated and perfused by saline-Ficoll perfusate at a constant flow. The baseline perfusion pressure (PAP) correlated with the concentration of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha the stable metabolite of PGI2 (r = 0.83) and with the 6-keto-PGF1 alpha/TXB2 ratio (r = 0.

Effects of ketotifen and clenbuterol on beta-adrenergic receptor functions of lymphocytes and on plasma TXB-2 levels of asthmatic patients.

Clinical observations indicate that beta-adrenergic drugs may increase bronchial reactivity in asthmatics. To find out possible reasons for this phenomenon the beta-adrenergic receptor function of isolated lymphocytes of asthmatic patients treated with clenbuterol alone or with ketotifen and clenbuterol together were studied. The cAMP levels of lymphocytes stimulated by different doses of isoproterenol were measured by radioimmunoassay and have been compared in the groups of healthies, and asthmatic patients after 3-months running of clenbuterol (Spiropent, Sandoz), as well as in the same asthmatics after one-week running of parallel administration of ketotifen and clenbuterol.

A case of Churg-Strauss syndrome.

A 54-year-old woman died after being battered, but the forensic autopsy revealed that her injuries were not serious or lethal. A detailed histological examination revealed that the basic disease had been Churg-Strauss syndrome. The differentiation of this syndrome of pulmonary infiltration and eosinophilia (PIE syndrome) from other allergic and noninfectious granulomatoses needs cautions consideration.

Breathing pattern of spontaneously hypertensive rats.

The trachea of rats anaesthetized with sodium pentobarbitone was cannulated and the air flow velocity and the pressure of the oesophagus were measured. In the spontaneously hypertensive rats the breathing frequency was higher, the tidal volume and the effective lung resistance were smaller than that of the normotensive Wistar rats. It seems that the neurohumoral control of respiration in SHR animals differs from that of normotensive rats.

Effect of intracerebrally injected aminophylline, vinpocetinum, vasoactive intestinal peptide and onion extract on breathing pattern of rats.

Aminophylline or VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide) given ip. or iv. have marked bronchodilatory effects.

Effects of propranolol, nalorphine and haloperidol on the breathing and on the metabolism of PGI2 and TXA2 of normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.

The influence of propranolol, nalorphine and haloperidol on the breathing pattern and on the blood levels of cyclooxygenase products of anaesthetized spontaneously-breathing normotensive Wistar rats (WR) and of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were investigated. The respiratory rate was higher and the effective lung resistance was smaller in the SHR than in the WR. Breathing frequency decreased after nalorphine in both groups, while only in SHR after haloperidol.

Effects of drugs on aminophylline elimination in rats.

Effects of phenobarbital, phenytoin, carbamazepine, cimetidine, erythromycin, combination of sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim (5:1), and rifampicin (rifampin) on the elimination of aminophylline were examined in female rats. Aminophylline was administered i.p.

Spectral analysis of cough sounds recorded with and without a nose clip.

The voluntary cough sounds of healthy volunteers, patients with chronic rhinitis, chronic rhinitis with bronchial asthma and asthma were recorded with and without a nose clip. A gated series of signals of the first cough sound lasting 200 ms was analysed by a system with a 20 ms delay of the first signal. In the case of filtered cough sounds, low-cut digitally, the mean values of averaged spectra of the healthy volunteers showed a first peak around 350 Hz, similar to the expiratory spectra of respiratory sounds.

Effect of enzyme inducer flumecinolum (Zixoryn) on aminophylline metabolism in rats.

The effect of the enzyme inducer flumecinolum, m-trifluoromethyl-alpha-ethylbenzhydrol (Zixoryn), on aminophylline metabolism was examined in rats. Aminophylline plasma levels were determined by HPLC. Aminophylline T1/2 was 2.

Lung function tests in small experimental animals by means of a signal processing system.

For the analysis of the airflow velocity and oesophageal pressure signals of anaesthetized spontaneously breathing small animals (rats and guinea pigs), a signal processing program package was developed for a multiprocessor system (Electronic Measuring Gears Co., Budapest). 4-10 respiratory cycles were analysed in a signal series and the arithmetic mean value was used to increase the accuracy of the method.

Development of drug tachyphylaxis in asthmatic patients treated with beta-adrenergic drugs.

The development of drug tolerance in two groups of asthmatics treated with beta-adrenergic bronchodilators was studied by respiratory function methods. During one-year treatment with conventional therapeutic doses of selective beta-2-receptor stimulant aerosols, none of the patients showed subsensitivity to the bronchodilatory effect of terbutaline. Dose-response curves were plotted upon the inhalation of salbutamol in two-week intervals in patients treated with betamimetics.

The beta-adrenoceptors of lymphocytes in asthmatic patients treated with beta-agonists.

Numbers of beta-adrenoceptors in intact human lymphocytes of asthmatics treated continuously with the usual doses of beta-agonists have been estimated. Lymphocytes were isolated by density gradient centrifugation as described by BOYUM [4]. The binding experiment was performed with (-)3H-dihydroalprenolol which is a high affinity beta-adrenoceptor antagonist.

A model for experimental asthma: provocation in guinea-pigs immunized with Bordetella pertussis.

Guinea-pigs were sensitized with killed Bordetella pertussis (3.85 X 10(11) cells . kg-1).

Serum angiotensin converting enzyme values in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is stored in the endothelium. Its activity depends--among others--on the O2-concentration of the blood. Aim of the study was to examine the serum ACE values in chronic obstructive lung diseases (bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, lung fibrosis etc.

Respiratory mechanical impedance in the rat.

The forced oscillatory impedance of the total respiratory system (Zrs) was measured in seven anaesthetized, paralysed rats weighing 351 +/- 55 g. Tracheotomy was performed, and the animals were placed in the supine position in a body box. Pseudo-random pressure variations between 0.