Are leisure-time and work-related activities associated with low back pain during pregnancy?

Background: Although working activities are associated with several pregnancy outcomes, there is scarce information regarding the association between working activities and low back pain (LBP) during pregnancy. This study aimed to investigate whether leisure-time and work-related physical activities during pregnancy are associated with LBP.

Methods: Data from the 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort study were used.

Wearables-based walking program in addition to usual physiotherapy care for the management of patients with low back pain at medium or high risk of chronicity: A pilot randomized controlled trial.

Background: Although chronic low back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of disability and accounts for large costs, none of the available conventional treatments are clearly more favourable in treating people at increased risk of chronicity.

Objectives: To examine the feasibility and initial efficacy of a wearables-based walking intervention in addition to usual physiotherapy care in people with LBP at risk of chronicity.

Methods: Twenty-six adult participants, diagnosed with non-specific LBP with medium or high risk of chronicity, were recruited from physiotherapy private practices.

Do different sit-stand workstations influence lumbar kinematics, lumbar muscle activity and musculoskeletal pain in office workers? A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

This study investigated the effect of different sit-stand workstations on lumbar spine kinematics, lumbar muscle activity and musculoskeletal pain. Thirty-two office workers were randomized to one of three sit-stand workstations (Group 1, ratio of minutes spent sitting to standing each hour at work 40:20, = 8; Group 2, 30:30, = 6; Group 3, 20:40, = 7) and a control group (usual sitting, = 11). Intervention groups (Groups 1, 2 and 3) were collapsed into one group for analysis (= 21).

Family History Influences the Effectiveness of Home Exercise in Older People With Chronic Low Back Pain: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To investigate whether a family history of low back pain (LBP) influences patient outcomes and treatment effects following home exercises in older people with chronic LBP.

Design: Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Local community.

Author Correction: The association between physical activity and low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Parental Multisite Chronic Pain and the Risk of Adult Offspring Developing Additional Chronic Pain Sites: Family-Linkage Data From the Norwegian HUNT Study.

We investigated if parental multisite chronic pain increases the risk of adult offspring developing additional chronic pain sites, and if offspring body mass index (BMI) and leisure time physical activity modify this association. We used longitudinal data on 7,654 offspring linked with their parents who participated in the population-based HUNT Study (Norway) in 1995 to 1997 and 2006 to 2008. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (CI).

Physical Activity and Health-Related Quality of Life in People With Back Pain: A Population-Based Pooled Study of 27,273 Adults.

Background: To investigate the association between moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in people with back pain.

Methods: The sample comprised adults aged 16 years and older who participated in the Welsh Health Survey (2011-2015). The HRQoL was evaluated using the 36-item short form.

Physical Activity Before or During Pregnancy and Low Back Pain: Data From the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study.

Background: To investigate whether engagement in leisure-time physical activity before or during pregnancy is associated with low back pain (LBP) outcomes during pregnancy and postpartum prevalence of LBP in women who reported LBP during pregnancy.

Methods: Data from the 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort Study, were used. Demographic, socioeconomic, and gestational characteristics, as well as physical activity prior to and during pregnancy were recorded at perinatal assessment.

Physical activity and chronic back conditions: A population-based pooled study of 60,134 adults.

Background: Little is known about the association between different types of physical activity (PA) and chronic back conditions (CBCs) at the population level. We investigated the association between levels of total and type-specific PA participation and CBCs.

Methods: The sample comprised 60,134 adults aged ≥16 years who participated in the Health Survey for England and Scottish Health Survey from 1994 to 2008.

Health Competency Standards in Physical Therapist Practice.

Although the physical therapist profession is the leading established, largely nonpharmacological health profession in the world and is committed to health promotion and noncommunicable disease (NCD) prevention, these have yet to be designated as core physical therapist competencies. Based on findings of 3 Physical Therapy Summits on Global Health, addressing NCDs (heart disease, cancer, hypertension, stroke, diabetes, obesity, and chronic lung disease) has been declared an urgent professional priority. The Third Summit established the status of health competencies in physical therapist practice across the 5 World Confederation for Physical Therapy (WCPT) regions with a view to establish health competency standards, this article's focus.

The association between physical activity and low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

The aim of this review was to investigate the association between total and domain-specific physical activity (PA) and non-specific low back pain (LBP) in adults. Seven databases were searched for cohort and cross-sectional studies. Pooled estimates of the association of medium and high levels PA and LBP, using the generic inverse-variance method with fixed- and random-effects models were calculated.

The effectiveness of incidental physical activity interventions compared to other interventions in the management of people with low back pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Objectives: To investigate the effectiveness of incidental (non-structured) physical activity interventions for the management of people with low back pain (LBP).

Design: Systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials.

Setting: Eligible published trials from the earliest date available to November 2017.

Australian musculoskeletal physiotherapist's perceptions, attitudes and opinions towards pre-manipulative screening of the cervical spine prior to manual therapy: Report from the focus groups.

Background: The Australian Physiotherapy Association 2006 VBI Guidelines are used by many of the member organisations of IFOMPT. These Guidelines are due for revision incorporating recent research findings, international guides, and member's recommendations.

Purpose: To identify and consider Australian musculoskeletal physiotherapists' recommendations to inform revision of the 2006 VBI Guidelines.

Video-Game-Based Exercises for Older People With Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlledtable Trial (GAMEBACK).

Background: Video game technology increases adherence to home exercise and could support self-management for older people with chronic low back pain (LBP).

Objective: The objective was to investigate the effects of home-based video game exercises on pain self-efficacy and care-seeking in older people with chronic LBP.

Design: The study was a randomized controlled trial.

Familial factors predicting recovery and maintenance of physical activity in people with low back pain: Insights from a population-based twin study.

Background: It is unknown how familial factors influence the recovery from low back pain (LBP) and the maintenance activity behaviours. We aimed to investigate whether individual and within-family physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour influenced recovery from LBP, and maintenance of PA and sedentary behaviour in people with and without LBP.

Methods: Longitudinal logistic regression analyses were performed on adult twins from the Washington State Twin Registry.

Is Vitamin D Supplementation Effective for Low Back Pain? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of years lived with disability worldwide. Current intervention strategies are failing to reduce the enormous global burden of LBP and are prompting researchers to investigate alternative management strategies, such as vitamin D supplementation. Vitamin D supplementation appears to down regulate pro-inflammatory cytokines which lead to pain and up regulate anti-inflammatory cytokines that reduce inflammation.

Clinical and cost-effectiveness of non-medical prescribing: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of non-medical prescribing (NMP).

Design: Systematic review. Two reviewers independently completed searches, eligibility assessment and assessment of risk of bias.

Mapping the Association between Vitamin D and Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is the highest contributor to disability worldwide, with current intervention strategies only providing small to moderate analgesic effects. The use of vitamin D supplementation for LBP has gained interest due to its proposed anti-inflammatory and neuromodulatory properties. However, it is still unclear whether vitamin D levels differ between those with and without LBP or if vitamin D levels are associated with pain intensity.

Are people with chronic low back pain meeting the physical activity guidelines? A co-twin control study.

Background: Despite a large amount of research investigating physical activity (PA) levels in people with chronic low back pain (LBP), no study has investigated whether people with chronic LBP are meeting the World Health Organization (WHO) PA guidelines. Furthermore, with genetics and the early shared environment substantially influencing the presence of LBP and PA engagement, these factors could confound the association between LBP and PA and need to be controlled for.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association between chronic LBP and meeting the PA guidelines, while controlling for the effects of genetics and early shared environment.

Does Familial Aggregation of Chronic Low Back Pain Affect Recovery?: A Population-Based Twin Study.

Study Design: Longitudinal twin-cohort study.

Objective: To investigate the effect familial aggregation of chronic low back pain (LBP) has on the recovery from chronic LBP.

Summary Of Background Data: LBP is a worldwide problem, with pain and disability often becoming chronic.

Does educational attainment increase the risk of low back pain when genetics are considered? A population-based study of Spanish twins.

Background Context: There is limited research investigating educational attainment as a risk factor for low back pain (LBP), with the influence of gender commonly being neglected. Furthermore, genetics and early shared environment explain a substantial proportion of LBP cases and need to be controlled for when investigating risk factors for LBP.

Purpose: To investigate whether educational attainment affects the prevalence and risk of LBP differently in men and women while controlling for the influence of genetics and early shared environment.

Who is at risk of chronic disease? Associations between risk profiles of physical activity, sitting and cardio-metabolic disease in Australian adults.

Objective: To examine the associations of physical activity (PA) and sitting time (sit) with cardio-metabolic diseases.

Methods: Cross-sectional data from the Australian National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey 2011-2012 (n=9,435) were used to classify adults into low and high risk groups based on their physical activity and sitting behaviour profiles. Logistic regression models examined associations between low and high risk classifications (high PA-low sit; high PA-high sit; low PA-low sit; low PA-high sit;) and socio-demographic factors, and associations between low and high risk classifications and the prevalence of cardiovascular disease, Type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome.

Video-game based exercises for older people with chronic low back pain: a protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial (the GAMEBACK trial).

Objectives: To investigate the feasibility of implementing a video-game exercise programme for older people with chronic low back pain (LBP).

Design: Single-centred single-blinded randomised controlled trial (RCT).

Setting: Physiotherapy outpatient department in a public hospital in Western Sydney, Australia.

Evaluation of ergonomic and education interventions to reduce occupational sitting in office-based university workers: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Prolonged sitting is a specific occupational hazard in office workers. There is growing evidence that prolonged sitting is detrimental to metabolic health. The aim of this study is to determine whether providing office workers with education along with adjustable sit-stand workstations leads to reduction in sitting behavior.