Perceptions of Urban Father Support in Early Parenthood: A Critical Incident Analysis.

Becoming a father is a common transitional event, however men are often not adequately prepared for their fathering role. The United States (U.S.

Frequency of essential elements in required advanced pharmacy practice experiences (FEER - APPE).

Introduction: This study evaluated student reported achievement of essential elements (EE) across three required advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs) to identify differences in the frequency of each EE during different delivery modalities.

Methods: APPE students from three different programs were assigned a self-assessment EE inventory after required acute care, ambulatory care, and community pharmacy APPEs between May 2018 and December 2020. Using a four-point frequency scale, students reported exposure to and completion of each EE.

"It's Hard Being a Mama": Validation of the Maternal Distress Concept in Becoming a Mother.

New mothers actively adapt to new demands and challenges in the mothering role but some may find this adjustment difficult and distressing, depending on their perceptions and resources. Previous research on maternal distress is primarily concentrated on needs of mothers with depression but nonpathological approaches of viewing difficulties in early parenting should be explored. A secondary analysis of a descriptive, qualitative study was completed on new, low-income mothers in early parenthood to determine how maternal distress influences mothers' transition to becoming a mother and to validate the use of the Maternal Distress Concept in the clinical setting.

In-house monitoring of steroid hormone metabolites in urine informs breeding management of a giant anteater (Myrmechophaga tridactyla).

Although numbers of giant anteaters within North American facilities have been steadily increasing for the last 15 years, the population now exhibits an unstable age distribution with genetically valuable individuals nearing reproductive senescence. Contributing to this issue is the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) described lack of standardization of breeding introduction practices and high risk of female injury occurring during such pairings. This report describes the development of a successful breeding protocol at Cleveland Metroparks Zoo based on hormone monitoring and efficient communication between science and animal management teams that minimizes risk of female injury.

Report of the 2016-17 Academic Affairs Standing Committee: Entrustable Professional Activities Implementation Roadmap.

The purpose of this report is to: 1) Identify linkages across the EPA statements, Center for the Advancement of Pharmacy Education 2013 Educational Outcomes (CAPE 2013) and the Joint Commission of Pharmacy Practitioners' Pharmacist Patient Care Process (PPCP); 2) Provide ways EPA statements can be used to communicate core skills that are part of the entry-level pharmacist identity; 3) Suggest a potential roadmap for AACP members on how to implement EPA statements.

Potential cost avoidance of pharmacy students' patient care activities during advanced pharmacy practice experiences.

Objectives: To evaluate the potential cost avoidance of student interventions documented by fourth-year (P4) student pharmacists during advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs) in outpatient and inpatient settings.

Methods: The school-wide Web-based intervention database was retrospectively analyzed to review characteristics of interventions documented during the 2011-2012 APPE cycle. Potential cost avoidance for interventions was derived from a comprehensive literature review and adjusted to 2011 dollars based on the consumer price index for medical care.

Psychosocial differences related to parenting infants among single and married mothers.

Background: This study compared the psychosocial factors, self-esteem, sense of mastery, life stress, and social support among first-time married and single mothers in early parenthood.

Methods: A cross-sectional comparative design was used to study secondary data. A convenience sample of 80 first-time mothers completed self-report instruments on self-esteem, sense of mastery, social, and life stress at 6-8 weeks after birth.

School-wide clinical intervention system to document pharmacy students' impact on patient care.

Objectives: To implement and evaluate a school wide, Web-based clinical intervention system to document types and impact of pharmacy students' clinical activities during advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs).

Methods: A clinical intervention form was developed by pharmacy practice faculty consensus and uploaded to a secure Web site. Prior to APPEs, all pharmacy students were trained on the purpose and use of the system as well as strategies to document interventions appropriately.

Transition of maternal competency of married and single mothers in early parenthood.

Women who perceive maternal competency in early parenthood feel comfortable with infant care. A convenience sample of 58 married, first-time mothers and 22 single, first-time mothers was surveyed at six to eight weeks after childbirth to determine the differences in maternal competence perception between married and single mothers. Findings in this pilot study reveal that single mothers significantly reported less comfort in the maternal role as compared to married mothers.

Differences in parenting stress between married and single first time mothers at six to eight weeks after birth.

Parenting stress has been shown to affect relationships between mothers and their infants. Single mothers may experience more parenting stress due to exposure to stressors that are unique to their environment. The purpose of this secondary analysis was to determine the differences between married and single first-time mothers on the Parenting Stress Index/Short Form (PSI/SF Abidin, 1995).