Background: Mother-to-child transmission of HIV has decreased in industrialized countries because of widespread use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) by HIV-infected pregnant women and perhaps to increased use of elective cesarean section. We evaluated changes in the use of ART and mode of delivery among HIV positive pregnant women in North Carolina.
Methods: We reviewed the medical records of HIV-exposed infants born in North Carolina between January 1, 1998, and December 31, 1999, who were tested for HIV DNA.