Classical View on Nonclassical Crystal Growth in a Biological Setting.

Crystallization by amorphous particle attachment, a nonclassical crystal growth mode, is prevalent in minerals formed by living tissues. It allows the organism to intervene at every step of crystal growth, i.e.

Crystallization by Amorphous Particle Attachment: On the Evolution of Texture.

Crystallization by particle attachment (CPA) is a gradual process where each step has its own thermodynamic and kinetic constrains defining a unique pathway of crystal growth. An important example is biomineralization of calcium carbonate through amorphous precursors that are morphed into shapes and textural patterns that cannot be envisioned by the classical monomer-by-monomer approach. Here, a mechanistic link between the collective kinetics of mineral deposition and the emergence of crystallographic texture is established.

The role of mural mechanics on cephalopod palaeoecology.

Cephalopods transformed the molluscan shell into a buoyancy device that must be strong enough to resist external water pressure. Historically, unique features of the shell have been interpreted on the basis that the strength of the shell presents a hard limit on maximum habitat depth. One such feature is the mural flap, which is a semi-prismatic layer deposited on the inner surface of some coleoid septa that has been suggested to strengthen the shell and permit colonization of deeper waters.

Increased Retention of Gadolinium in the Inflamed Brain After Repeated Administration of Gadopentetate Dimeglumine: A Proof-of-Concept Study in Mice Combining ICP-MS and Micro- and Nano-SR-XRF.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine in vivo if brain inflammation leads to increased gadolinium (Gd) retention in brain tissue after repeated applications of Gd-based contrast agents (GBCAs).

Materials And Methods: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was induced in female SJL/J mice (n = 6). Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and healthy control mice (n = 4) received 2.

Polarization induced contrast X-ray fluorescence at submicrometer resolution reveals nanometer apatite crystal orientations across entire tooth sections.

For biomedical research, successful imaging of calcified microstructures often relies on absorption differences between features, or on employing dies with selective affinity to areas of interest. When texture is concerned, e.g.