Stress and salt sensitivity in primary hypertension.

As the development of hypertension and target organ damage becomes more prevalent, it becomes exceedingly important to determine the underlying mechanisms through which this detrimental development occurs. Specifically, our studies and others have explored mechanisms through which stress elicits a salt-sensitive response in approximately 20-30 % of the population, resulting in the early development of hypertension and target organ damage. Data associated with this stress-induced cardiovascular response pattern have recently demonstrated additional effects across the body systems including factors contributing to the development of osteoporosis, obesity, autoimmune disease, and chronic inflammation.

Educating certified nursing assistants educational offerings on the run and more.

Certified nursing assistants (CNAs) are important partners in the delivery of quality care to patients. Nurse educators are challenged with providing "just-in-time" education to CNAs within the constraints of a fast-paced clinical environment. This article will discuss a successful CNA training program and lessons learned for improving just-in-time education to assistive personnel.

Identifying methamphetamine exposure in children.

Objective: Methamphetamine (MAMP) use, distribution, and manufacture remain a serious public health and safety problem in the United States, and children environmentally exposed to MAMP face a myriad of developmental, social, and health risks, including severe abuse and neglect necessitating child protection involvement. It is recommended that drug-endangered children receive medical evaluation and care with documentation of overall physical and mental conditions and have urine drug testing. The primary aim of this study was to determine the best biological matrix to detect MAMP, amphetamine (AMP), methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), and 3,4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA) in environmentally exposed children.

More frequent visits to wound care clinics result in faster times to close diabetic foot and venous leg ulcers.

Objective: To determine whether patients with Wagner grades 1 and 2 diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) or venous leg ulcers (VLUs) differed in terms of time to close depending on visit frequency to wound care centers.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Outpatients wound care centers.

Evidence of methamphetamine exposure in children removed from clandestine methamphetamine laboratories.

Objective: To determine whether asymptomatic children removed from clandestine methamphetamine laboratories have evidence of exposure to methamphetamine.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of children removed from law enforcement-certified clandestine methamphetamine laboratories in the Tulsa area of Oklahoma and Sacramento County, California. Exposure was determined by positive urine toxicology for methamphetamine.

Teaching psychiatry in primary care residencies: do training directors of primary care and psychiatry see eye to eye?

Objective: This study compares the views of psychiatry residency training directors about psychiatry and mental health training in the primary care programs in their institutions with those of the primary care residency training directors.

Methods: A 16-item questionnaire surveying specific areas of training and perceived adequacy of current teaching was distributed to 1,544 U.S.

Mental health and psychiatry training in primary care residency programs. Part II. What skills and diagnoses are taught, how adequate, and what affects training directors' satisfaction?

Objective: The purpose of this study is to describe the psychiatric skills and diagnostic categories taught in primary care training programs, their adequacy, the perceived needs and desires for curriculum enhancement and the factors affecting training directors' satisfaction.

Method: All 1365 directors of accredited residency training programs in Internal Medicine (IM), Family Practice (FP), Obstetrics and Gynecology (Ob/Gyn), Pediatrics (Peds) and psychiatry received a 16-item anonymous questionnaire about psychiatry training in their program. Responses to the questionnaire to items concerning the skills and diagnostic categories taught, assessment of adequacy of teaching and desires for curriculum enhancement for specific skills and diagnostic categories were analyzed.

Mental health and psychiatry training in primary care residency programs. Part I. Who teaches, where, when and how satisfied?

Objective: Some 40% of patients treated by primary care physicians have significant mental health problems. Only about half eventually receive mental health care, usually by the primary care physicians, often inadequately. Recently, there has been an increased attempt to incorporate psychiatry in primary care training programs.

Predicting perceived vulnerability to tobacco-related health risks and future intentions to use tobacco among pediatric cancer survivors.

Objective: To examine predictors of perceived vulnerability to tobacco-related health risks and future intentions to use tobacco among pre-adolescents and adolescents previously treated for cancer.

Methods: Written self-report measures of tobacco knowledge, perceived vulnerability, perceived positive value of tobacco use, past and present tobacco use, and intentions to use tobacco were completed by 103 cancer survivors, 10-18 years of age (51.5% males, 78.

Involvement of nuclear export in human papillomavirus type 18 E6-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of p53.

The E6 protein from high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) targets the p53 tumor suppressor for degradation by the proteasome pathway. This ability contributes to the oncogenic potential of these viruses. However, several aspects concerning the mechanism of E6-mediated p53 degradation at the cellular level remain to be clarified.

Regulation of human p53 activity and cell localization by alternative splicing.

The development of cancer is a multistep process involving mutations in proto-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and other genes which control cell proliferation, telomere stability, angiogenesis, and other complex traits. Despite this complexity, the cellular pathways controlled by the p53 tumor suppressor protein are compromised in most, if not all, cancers. In normal cells, p53 controls cell proliferation, senescence, and/or mediates apoptosis in response to stress, cell damage, or ectopic oncogene expression, properties which make p53 the prototype tumor suppressor gene.

Geriatric rehabilitation. 3. Physical medicine and rehabilitation interventions for common disabling disorders.

Unlabelled: This self-directed learning module highlights physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM and R) interventions for common disorders that cause disability in older adults. It is part of the study guide on geriatric rehabilitation in the Self-Directed Physiatric Education Program for practitioners and trainees in PM and R and geriatric medicine. This article specifically focuses on PM and R interventions for arthritides, fractures, cardiovascular disorders, peripheral vascular disease, amputations, pulmonary disorders, cancer, stroke, traumatic brain injury, Parkinson's disease, spinal cord injury, peripheral neuropathies, and diabetic complications.

Geriatric rehabilitation. 2. Physiatric approach to the older adult.

Unlabelled: This self-directed learning module highlights the physiatric approach to the older adult. It is part of the study guide on geriatric rehabilitation in the Self-Directed Physiatric Education Program for practitioners and trainees in physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM and R) and geriatric medicine. This article specifically focuses on the advantages of the physiatric approach, PM and R training in geriatric rehabilitation, metrics in geriatric assessment, prevention, symptom management, medical management, falls, pain, and pharmacology.

Geriatric rehabilitation. 1. Social and economic implications of aging.

Unlabelled: This self-directed learning module highlights the social and economic implications of aging. It is part of the study guide on geriatric rehabilitation in the Self-Directed Physiatric Education Program for practitioners and trainees in physical medicine and rehabilitation and geriatric medicine. This article specifically focuses on the epidemiology of aging, the economics of aging, informal and formal social support systems, ageism and societal issues, and care and treatment settings.

Ubiquitination and proteasome degradation of the E6 proteins of human papillomavirus types 11 and 18.

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are aetiological agents for genital warts and cervical cancer, the different pathologies of which are dependent on the type of HPV infection. Oncogenic HPV types associated with cancer are carcinogens by virtue of their oncogene products, which target key regulators of cell proliferation and apoptosis. The viral E6 protein from oncogenic HPV types plays a central role in carcinogenesis by exploiting the cellular proteasome degradation pathway in order to mediate the degradation of cellular proteins, most notably the prototype tumour suppressor protein p53.

Intervention to reduce intentions to use tobacco among pediatric cancer survivors.

Purpose: In this randomized controlled trial, we sought to determine whether a risk counseling intervention would increase knowledge and perceived vulnerability to tobacco-related health risks and decrease future intentions to use tobacco among preadolescents and adolescents previously treated for cancer.

Patient And Methods: Participants included 103 cancer survivors between the ages of 10 and 18 years who were randomly assigned to either a standard care control (SCC) group or a tobacco intervention (TI) group. Patients in the SCC group received standard advice about the risks of tobacco use.