Effects of E-Cigarettes on Combustible Cigarette Smoking Among Adults with Opioid Use Disorder on Buprenorphine: Single Arm ERASER Pilot Trial.

Introduction: People with opioid use disorder (OUD) on buprenorphine smoke at high rates and have low cessation rates, even with evidence-based medications. Electronic cigarettes (EC) are a promising harm reduction strategy for combusted cigarette (CC) smokers unable to quit. Unfortunately, people with OUD are underrepresented in EC research.

Psychosocial determinants of adolescents' attitudes toward disclosing dating violence.

This study combined a person-oriented approach with a psychosocial framework of help-seeking to examine factors associated with the intent to disclose dating violence among developing adolescents. Data came from adolescents in middle and high school in a rural area in the southeastern United States, who were surveyed annually for 4 years ( = 580; = 13 years, = 1.48; 52.

Improving polygenic prediction from summary data by learning patterns of effect sharing across multiple phenotypes.

Polygenic prediction of complex trait phenotypes has become important in human genetics, especially in the context of precision medicine. Recently, Morgante . introduced , a flexible and computationally efficient method that models multiple phenotypes jointly and leverages sharing of effects across such phenotypes to improve prediction accuracy.

Performance of Febrile Infant Decision Tools on Hypothermic Infants Evaluated for Infection.

Background: Given the lack of evidence-based guidelines for hypothermic infants, providers may be inclined to use febrile infant decision-making tools to guide management decisions. Our objective was to assess the diagnostic performance of febrile infant decision tools for identifying hypothermic infants at low risk of bacterial infection.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of a retrospective cohort study of hypothermic (≤36.

The human experience of comprehending source code in virtual reality.

Virtual reality (VR) is an emerging technology used in various domains such as medicine, psychotherapy, architecture, and gaming. Recently, software engineering researchers have started to explore virtual reality as a tool for programmers. However, few studies examine source code comprehension in VR.

Predictive value of clinical symptoms for COVID-19 diagnosis in young adults.

Assessment of predictive values of clinical symptoms for COVID-19 diagnosis in young adults. Nonresidential university students (ages 18-25) participating in surveillance testing and mandatory symptom survey between 9/9/2020 and 11/25/2020. Retrospective study of test results and symptom survey data.

Longitudinal Patterns in Adolescent Intentions to Seek Help for Dating Violence: A Latent Transition Analysis.

As a persistent public health problem affecting thousands of adolescents every year, teen dating violence has been studied extensively. However, gaps remain in the knowledge on what adolescents think about seeking help for violence in a dating relationship and how these attitudes might change over time. This study adopts a longitudinal person-oriented approach to explore configurations of help-seeking preferences in a sample of rural adolescents (N at wave 1 = 580, M = 13 years, SD = 1.

Is Experience in Hemodialysis Cannulation Related to Expertise? A Metrics-based Investigation for Skills Assessment.

Cannulation is not only one of the most common medical procedures but also fraught with complications. The skill of the clinician performing cannulation directly impacts cannulation outcomes. However, current methods of teaching this skill are deficient, relying on subjective demonstrations and unrealistic manikins that have limited utility for skills training.

Trajectories of Dating Violence Victimization and Perpetration among Rural Adolescents.

Research is inconclusive about the trajectory of dating violence during adolescence and whether there are differences across gender and race/ethnicity. We examined dating victimization and perpetration trajectories among a diverse sample of rural youth (N = 580, 52.7% female, 49% Black, 39% White, 11% Hispanic or other minorities) in middle and high school who were surveyed annually across four years and explored the influences of gender and ethnicity.

A comparison of existing methods for multiple imputation in individual participant data meta-analysis.

Multiple imputation is a popular method for addressing missing data, but its implementation is difficult when data have a multilevel structure and one or more variables are systematically missing. This systematic missing data pattern may commonly occur in meta-analysis of individual participant data, where some variables are never observed in some studies, but are present in other hierarchical data settings. In these cases, valid imputation must account for both relationships between variables and correlation within studies.