Evidence of shared bovine viral diarrhea infections between red deer and extensively raised cattle in south-central Spain.

Background: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a pestivirus that affects cattle production worldwide and that can infect other ungulates such as cervids and even wild boar (Sus scrofa). It is believed that domestic livestock can become infected through contact with wild animals, though it is known that infection can spread among wild animals in the absence of contact with livestock. Little is known about the sharing of BVDV infection between wild and domestic animals in the same habitat, which is important for designing eradication campaigns and preventing outbreaks, especially on hunting estates with high animal densities.

Metagenomic detection of viral pathogens in Spanish honeybees: co-infection by Aphid Lethal Paralysis, Israel Acute Paralysis and Lake Sinai Viruses.

The situation in Europe concerning honeybees has in recent years become increasingly aggravated with steady decline in populations and/or catastrophic winter losses. This has largely been attributed to the occurrence of a variety of known and "unknown", emerging novel diseases. Previous studies have demonstrated that colonies often can harbour more than one pathogen, making identification of etiological agents with classical methods difficult.

Utility of a panviral microarray for detection of swine respiratory viruses in clinical samples.

Several factors have recently converged, elevating the need for highly parallel diagnostic platforms that have the ability to detect many known, novel, and emerging pathogenic agents simultaneously. Panviral DNA microarrays represent the most robust approach for massively parallel viral surveillance and detection. The Virochip is a panviral DNA microarray that is capable of detecting all known viruses, as well as novel viruses related to known viral families, in a single assay and has been used to successfully identify known and novel viral agents in clinical human specimens.

One-step real-time quantitative PCR assays for the detection and field study of Sacbrood honeybee and Acute bee paralysis viruses.

Two one-step real-time RT-PCR assays, based on SYBR Green (SG) chemistry, were developed or adapted respectively, for the detection, differentiation, and quantitation of two important honeybee viruses: Sacbrood virus (SBV) and Acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV). Both reactions were optimized to yield the highest sensitivity and specificity. The genome equivalent copies (GEC) detection limit per reaction was 389.

A sensitive one-step real-time RT-PCR method for detection of deformed wing virus and black queen cell virus in honeybee Apis mellifera.

A one-step real-time RT-PCR based on SYBR Green (SG) chemistry was developed for the detection, differentiation and quantification of two of the most common viruses on the honeybee Apis mellifera L., deformed wing virus and black queen cell virus. Two sets of primers specific for each virus, were designed in conserved regions of the viral genome for their use in the one-step real-time RT-PCR.