Physical Activity Policy, Systems, and Environment Change Through Extension SNAP-Ed: A Multistate Perspective.

The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education (SNAP-Ed) provides nutrition education and support for healthy living in SNAP-qualifying communities. SNAP-Ed supports policy, systems, and environmental (PSE) efforts to make the healthy choice an easier choice. SNAP-Ed implementers have widely adopted healthy eating PSE supports.

Scoping Conceptions of Equity: Reviewing a Decade of Physical Activity Research.

Lee and Cubbin's (2009) call for a "socially just" Ecological Model of Physical Activity (EMPA) prompted an inquiry into physical activity (PA), active living (AL) research that advances social justice framed as a set of equity-centered principles for research. In response to the call, we conducted a scoping review to explore how PAAL research has operationalized equity to advance a socially-just EMPA. We searched for original research, published between 2010 and 2020, using key terms for 'physical activity' and 'equity' that produced 5,152 non-duplicated records.

Systematic Review Protocol to Evaluate the Evidence Informing the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans Midcourse Report: Implementation Strategies for Older Adults.

The (Guidelines) advises older adults to be as active as possible. Yet, despite the well documented benefits of physical activity just 12.8% of those ages 65 and older meet the Guidelines.

Description and Early Results of the Kaiser Permanente Southern California COVID-19 Home Monitoring Program.

Introduction: The Southern California region of Kaiser Permanente developed a COVID-19 Home Monitoring program as an alternative to hospital admission to decrease hospital bed days and mitigate the adverse effects of a surge. To date, more than 15,000 patients have been enrolled and approximately 10% of enrolled patients have been escalated to hospital care for timely treatment. Our objective is to describe our COVID-19 Home Monitoring program and present early results.

Association of Teacher-Level Factors With Implementation of Classroom-Based Physical Activity Breaks.

Background: Classroom-based physical activity (CBPA) breaks are a common strategy to increase elementary school children's physical activity (PA) levels. There is limited research examining how teacher-level factors impact teacher implementation of CBPA breaks. In this study, we assessed the relationship of teacher-level factors with teacher use of a CBPA resource.

Teacher-Level Factors, Classroom Physical Activity Opportunities, and Children's Physical Activity Levels.

Background: Classroom-based physical activity (CBPA) breaks are a cost-effective strategy to promote physical activity (PA) at school. Despite teachers' critical roles in sustained implementation of CBPA breaks, few studies examined the association of teacher-level factors with student PA levels, and none focused on rural schools.

Methods: We monitored children's PA levels over 4 consecutive school days at 6 rural Oregon elementary schools with Walk4Life pedometers.

Food insecurity and physical activity insecurity among rural Oregon families.

Among rural families, rates of both child obesity and household food insecurity (FI) are higher compared to non-rural families. These disparities result from a complex interplay of social and environmental conditions that influence behavior. The Transtheoretical Model suggests individual readiness to change underlies success in modifying obesity-preventing behaviors; however, whether an association between readiness to change obesity-related behaviors and FI status among rural families exists is unknown.

Community-Engaged Attribute Mapping: Exploring Resources and Readiness to Change the Rural Context for Obesity Prevention.

Background: Individual risk factors for obesity are well-known, but environmental characteristics that influence individual risk, especially in rural communities, are not confirmed. Rural communities face unique challenges to implementing environmental strategies, such as walkability, aimed at supporting weight healthy lifestyles. Cooperative Extension, a community-embedded weight health partner, convened and engaged community members in self-exploration of local resources and readiness to change environmental characteristics perceived to promote unhealthy eating and inactivity.

Physical activity levels and obesity status of Oregon Rural Elementary School children.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between physical activity (PA, min/school-day) at school and body mass index (BMI, kg/m(2)) among rural elementary-aged children.

Methods: Height (cm), weight (kg), and PA were measured for 1767 children (5-12 years) enrolled in six rural Oregon elementary schools in fall, 2013. PA at school was measured over four days using Walk4Life pedometers.

The Family-Home Nutrition Environment and Dietary Intake in Rural Children.

Obesity and food insecurity rates are higher among rural compared to non-rural populations. Little is known, however, about how family-home environments influence childhood obesity-related behaviors, particularly in rural settings. This study examined associations between the family-home nutrition (FN) environment, food insecurity, and dietary intake (fruits, vegetables, whole grains, dairy, protein foods, and added sugars) in rural elementary school-age children (grades K-5/6; n = 102).

engAGE in Community: Using Mixed Methods to Mobilize Older People to Elucidate the Age-Friendly Attributes of Urban and Rural Places.

The growing numbers of older adults in the United States will have a significant impact on community resources, which will affect the ability of residents to live and thrive in their local community regardless of age. For this study, we applied explanatory sequential mixed methods and community-based participatory research (CBPR) to discover how attributes of the physical, social, and service environments determine residents' perceptions of community age-friendliness and conditions for aging-in-place. A population survey measuring county residents' (n = 387) perceptions and importance of community resources that support community livability are explained by thematic results of the CBPR, that is, emergent proximal and distal age-friendly factors.

PU.1 is a suppressor of myeloid leukemia, inactivated in mice by gene deletion and mutation of its DNA binding domain.

In most myeloid leukemias induced in mice by gamma-radiation, one copy of chromosome 2 has suffered a deletion. To search for a potential tumor suppressor gene in that region, we have delineated the deletions in a panel of these tumors. A commonly deleted region of 2 megabase pairs (Mbp) includes the gene encoding the PU.

Mechanics of DNA flexibility visualized by selective 2'-amine acylation at nucleotide bulges.

We used selective acylation of 2'-amine-substituted nucleotides to visualize local backbone conformations that occur preferentially at bulged sites in DNA duplexes. 2'-Amine acylation reports local nucleotide flexibility because unconstrained 2'-amino nucleotides more readily reach a reactive conformation in which the amide-forming transition state is stabilized by interactions between the amine nucleophile and the adjacent 3'-phosphodiester group. Bulged 2'-amine-substituted cytidine nucleotides react approximately 20-fold more rapidly than nucleotides constrained by base-pairing at 35 degrees C.

Chemical interrogation of mismatches in DNA-DNA and DNA-RNA duplexes under nonstringent conditions by selective 2'-amine acylation.

2'-Amine-substituted nucleotides in hybridized duplexes can be chemically tagged in an acylation reaction that is faster for mismatched or flexible nucleotides than for residues constrained by base pairing. Here we explore mismatch and hybridization detection using probe oligodeoxynucleotides containing single 2'-aminocytidine or -uridine nucleotides annealed to DNA or RNA targets under nonstringent conditions, below T(m). Consistent with a mechanism in which 2'-amine acylation is gated by local nucleotide flexibility, we find that efficient acylation is correlated with formation of weaker or fewer hydrogen bonds in base pair mismatches.