Polypharmacy in Children and Young People With Life-limiting Conditions From 2000 to 2015: A Repeated Cross-sectional Study in England.

Context: Polypharmacy is often appropriate for children with life-limiting conditions but is associated with an increase in hospitalizations and inappropriate prescribing, and can affect the quality of life of children and their families as they manage complex medication schedules. Despite this, little is known about polypharmacy in this population.

Objective: To describe the prevalence and patterns of polypharmacy in children with a life-limiting condition in a nationally representative cohort in England.

Place of death of children and young adults with a life-limiting condition in England: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To assess trends in place of death for children with a life-limiting condition and the factors associated with death at home or hospice rather than hospital.

Design: Observational cohort study using linked routinely collected data.

Setting: England.

Estimating the current and future prevalence of life-limiting conditions in children in England.

Background: Previous studies showed increasing number of children with a life-limiting or life-threatening condition who may benefit from input from pediatric palliative care services.

Aim: To estimate the current prevalence of children with a life-limiting condition and to model future prevalence of this population.

Design: Observational study using national inpatient hospital data.

Childhood overweight and obesity and the risk of depression across the lifespan.

Background: Obesity has been longitudinally associated with depression but only few studies take a life course approach. This longitudinal study investigates whether being overweight or obese at age 8 and 13 years is associated with depressive symptoms more than 60 years later and whether this association is independent of late-life body mass index (BMI). We also investigated the association of being overweight/obese at age 8 or 13 years with ever having major depressive disorder (lifetime MDD).

Association of dietary patterns with depressive symptoms: a harmonised meta-analysis of observational studies.

Background: Review findings on the role of dietary patterns in preventing depression are inconsistent, possibly due to variation in assessment of dietary exposure and depression. We studied the association between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms in six population-based cohorts and meta-analysed the findings using a standardised approach that defined dietary exposure, depression assessment and covariates.

Methods: Included were cross-sectional data from 23 026 participants in six cohorts: InCHIANTI (Italy), LASA, NESDA, HELIUS (the Netherlands), ALSWH (Australia) and Whitehall II (UK).

Association of food groups with depression and anxiety disorders.

Purpose: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet has been associated with fewer depressive symptoms, however, it is unknown whether this is attributed to some or to all components. We examined the association between the individual food groups of the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS), in isolation and in combination, with depression and anxiety (symptom severity and diagnosis).

Methods: Data from 1634 adults were available from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety.

Depression and eating styles are independently associated with dietary intake.

Depression and eating styles are two important, interrelated factors associated with dietary intake. However, it remains unclear whether depression and eating styles are independently associated with dietary intake, and whether associations between depression and dietary intake are mediated by eating styles. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the associations of, and interplay between depression and eating styles in relation to different aspects of dietary intake.

Diet quality in persons with and without depressive and anxiety disorders.

Objective: This study examines the association of depressive and anxiety disorders and their clinical characteristics (disorder type, severity, chronicity and clinical subtypes) with diet quality.

Method: Data from 1634 adults (controls = 336, current disorder = 414, remitted = 886) were sourced from the 9-year follow-up of the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety. Depressive and anxiety disorders were established with Composite International Diagnostic Interviews.

The relation between obesity and depressed mood in a multi-ethnic population. The HELIUS study.

Purpose: To examine the association between obesity and depressed mood in a large multi-ethnic population and check for consistency in this association across six ethnic groups.

Methods: Data of 21,030 persons (18-70 years) were sourced from the HELIUS study. Cross-sectional relationships between obesity measures [body mass index (kg/m) and waist circumference (cm)] and depressed mood (PHQ-9 score ≥ 10) were analysed.

Which biopsychosocial variables contribute to more weight gain in depressed persons?

Depression appears to be associated with weight gain. Little is known about whether this association is independent of, or partly due to, several biopsychosocial variables. This study aims to investigate which biopsychosocial variables contribute to weight gain over a 4-year period in persons with major depressive disorder (MDD) or high depressive symptoms.

The association between personality traits, cognitive reactivity and body mass index is dependent on depressive and/or anxiety status.

Objective: A range of biological, social and psychological factors, including depression and anxiety disorders, is thought to be associated with higher body mass index (BMI). Depression and anxiety disorders are associated with specific psychological vulnerabilities, like personality traits and cognitive reactivity, that may also be associated with BMI. The relationship between those psychological vulnerabilities and BMI is possibly different in people with and without depression and anxiety disorders.

The role of obesity measures in the development and persistence of major depressive disorder.

Background: The role of obesity with the development of major depressive disorder (MDD) requires conformation and whether obesity contributes to more chronic depression in persons with established (MDD) is unknown. This study examined the longitudinal relationship of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference with the incidence and persistence of MDD over 2-year and 6-year periods.

Method: Data were sourced from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety.

Major depressive disorder, antidepressant use, and subsequent 2-year weight change patterns in the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety.

Background: Although depression and obesity are bidirectionally associated, little is known about weight changes following major depressive disorder (MDD). This study compared 2-year weight changes between patients with current MDD (cMDD), patients with remitted MDD (rMDD), and healthy controls. Additionally, we examined the relationship between antidepressant medication use and 2-year weight change.