A phase 2 study of alpha interferon for molecularly measurable residual disease in chronic myeloid leukemia after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.

CML therapy has improved dramatically with the development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Prior to the TKI era, we conducted two trials of alpha-interferon (IFN) for post-transplant hematologic and cytogenetic relapse. The complete cytogenetic response rate was 33% and 57% respectively.

Refractory colitis following anti-CTLA4 antibody therapy: analysis of mucosal FOXP3+ T cells.

Ipilimumab is a humanized antibody to CTLA4 and is used to treat cancers refractory to conventional treatment. We treated 21 patients with refractory melanoma or prostate cancer with anti-CTLA4 antibody (ipilimumab), with subsequent development of significant colitis in nine cases. Two of these nine did not respond rapidly to high-dose (2 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) glucocorticoids or infliximab.