Rural and Frontier Communities.

Children and adolescents in rural communities have statistically more unmet mental health needs and fewer mental health resources than their urban counterparts. The rural population is ill-served by the traditional medical model of hyperspecialization and would benefit more from a population-based approach. By embracing the community, including each area's distinct culture, mental health providers can best affect change in these areas.

Tailored videoconferencing counselling program to support family carers of people living with dementia during the transition to permanent residential care: a pilot and feasibility randomised trial.

Background: Decisions surrounding the permanent residential care placement of people living with dementia can be stressful and distressing; however, providing access to targeted information and support prior to placement may help carers better cope. This mixed methods study aimed to test the feasibility, acceptability, and potential benefits of providing a tailored, individual counselling program (the Residential Care Transition Module), delivered via videoconferencing, to Australian family carers of a relative with dementia during the transition to permanent residential care.

Methods: A total of 18 family carers were randomly allocated to receive either the counselling intervention (six sessions delivered over 12 weeks) or a check-in call, delivered by a trained Transition Counsellor.

Telehealth Cognitive Behavior Therapy to Reduce Anxiety in People Living with Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Feasibility Pilot Study.

Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility of telehealth-based cognitive behavior therapy for people living with cognitive impairment experiencing anxiety (Tele-CBT), and to assess whether this leads to improvements in anxiety, depression, and quality of life post-intervention.

Methods: This was a single-blind randomized feasibility pilot trial of the Tele-CBT versus usual care. People living with mild cognitive impairment or dementia experiencing anxiety were recruited and randomized to receive Tele-CBT ( = 5) or continue usual care ( = 5).

Prototype development of the Mental Health benchmarking Industry Tool for residential aged Care (MHICare Tool): a protocol paper of a two-stage sequential and mixed methods codesign study.

Objectives: Current mental health practices for people living in residential aged care (RAC) facilities are poor. In Australia, there are no mechanisms to monitor and promote mental health for people living in RAC, including those who experience changed behaviours and psychological symptoms. The aim of this study is to improve current practices and mental health outcomes for people living in RAC facilities by codesigning a Mental Health benchmarking Industry Tool for residential aged Care (MHICare Tool).

Feasibility and Acceptability of a Videoconferencing CBT Intervention for Anxiety in People with Parkinson's Disease.

Objectives: In people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD), non-motor symptoms such as anxiety are common and have negative impacts on their quality of life. There are currently few interventions that address anxiety in PwPD, and access to diagnosis and treatment is often limited for those living in rural areas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a telehealth videoconferencing CBT intervention for anxiety in PwPD.

Drug Delivery to the Brain: Recent Advances and Unmet Challenges.

Brain cancers and neurodegenerative diseases are on the rise, treatments for central nervous system (CNS) diseases remain limited. Despite the significant advancement in drug development technology with emerging biopharmaceuticals like gene therapy or recombinant protein, the clinical translational rate of such biopharmaceuticals to treat CNS disease is extremely poor. The blood-brain barrier (BBB), which separates the brain from blood and protects the CNS microenvironment to maintain essential neuronal functions, poses the greatest challenge for CNS drug delivery.

A single-blind, parallel-group randomised trial of a Technology-assisted and remotely delivered Cognitive Behavioural Therapy intervention (Tech-CBT) versus usual care to reduce anxiety in people with mild cognitive impairment and dementia: study protocol for a randomised trial.

Background: Anxiety is commonly experienced by people living with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Whilst there is strong evidence for late-life anxiety treatment using cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and delivery via telehealth, there is little evidence for the remote delivery of psychological treatment for anxiety in people living with MCI and dementia. This paper reports the protocol for the Tech-CBT study which aims to investigate the efficacy, cost-effectiveness, usability and acceptability of a technology-assisted and remotely delivered CBT intervention to enhance delivery of anxiety treatment for people living with MCI and dementia of any aetiology.

Elements of Long-Term Care That Promote Quality of Life for Indigenous and First Nations Peoples: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review.

Background And Objectives: Little is known about elements of long-term care (LTC) that promote quality of life (QoL) for older Indigenous and First Nations peoples. This systematic review aimed to extend understanding of those deemed most important.

Research Design And Methods: Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, systematic database and hand-searching were used to find published and unpublished qualitative studies and textual reports.

Pilot Study of the Residential Care Transition Module to Support Australian Spouses of People with Dementia.

Objectives: Spouses are at risk of poor psychosocial outcomes following placement of their partner with dementia into long-term care. The Residential Care Transition Module (RCTM) is a psychosocial intervention developed in the United States to support carers post-placement. This study aimed to test the RCTM delivered by telephone to Australian spousal carers.

Long-term care placement: The transitional support needs and preferences of spousal dementia caregivers.

Background And Objectives: Many spousal caregivers experience stress, depression, loneliness, guilt and grief when placing a partner with dementia into long-term care. However, there is little research about their transitional support experiences, needs and preferences. This study aimed to gain a deeper understanding of these issues from spousal caregiver and long-term care facility staff perspectives, to inform subsequent support and intervention development.

The Impact of COVID-19 on Pediatric Telepsychiatry Training in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Fellowships.

Objective: This report summarizes findings from a 2020 survey of US child and adolescent psychiatry training programs that explored the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric telepsychiatry training. The authors hypothesized that telepsychiatry training significantly increased during the pandemic, in part due to legal and regulatory waivers during the COVID-19 public health emergency.

Methods: In August 2020, an anonymous, 28-question online survey was emailed to all (138) accredited child psychiatry fellowships on the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education website.

A National Pediatric Telepsychiatry Curriculum for Graduate Medical Education and Continuing Medical Education.

Our goal was to develop an open access nationally disseminated online curriculum for use in graduate and continuing medical education on the topic of pediatric telepsychiatry to enhance the uptake of telepsychiatry among child psychiatry training programs and improve access to mental health care for youth and families. Following Kern's 6-stage model of curriculum development, we identified a core problem, conducted a needs assessment, developed broad goals and measurable objectives in a competency-based model, and developed educational content and methods. The curriculum was reviewed by experts and feedback incorporated.

Identification of 16p11.2 deletion syndrome on a child inpatient psychiatric unit: A case report and call for inpatient genetic testing.

Purpose: This case highlights the importance of nursing-directed interprofessional treatment and inpatient unit genetic testing to identify genetic syndromes that may potentiate psychiatric conditions.

Sources Used: A case study of a 10-year-old Caucasian male with a history of a congenital heart defect, hand malformation, and low academic functioning who was admitted to the child inpatient psychiatric unit for eloping from school, aggression, and possible psychotic symptoms. Data were collected using patient medical records and interprofessional evaluation from nursing, psychiatry, and occupational therapy.

Awake delta and theta-rhythmic hippocampal network modes during intermittent locomotor behaviors in the rat.

Delta-frequency network activity is commonly associated with sleep or behavioral disengagement accompanied by a dearth of cortical spiking, but delta in awake behaving animals is not well understood. We show that hippocampal (HC) synchronization in the delta frequency band (1-4 Hz) is related to animals' locomotor behavior using detailed analyses of the HC local field potential (LFP) and simultaneous head- and body-tracking data. In contrast to running-speed modulation of the theta rhythm (6-10 Hz), delta was most prominent when animals were stationary or moving slowly, that is, when theta and fast gamma (65-120 Hz) were weak, and often developed rapidly when animals paused briefly between runs.

Grasping Gaming: Parent Management Training for Excessive Videogame Use in Children.

Elijah is an 11-year-old boy referred to a child psychiatrist for worsening aggression and tantrums. He spends all his time playing video games. Elijah does not join his family for dinner, forsaking meals to play more games.

Measurement in the study of menstrual health and hygiene: A systematic review and audit.

Background: The lack of established measurement tools in the study of menstrual health and hygiene has been a significant limitation of quantitative studies to date. However, there has been limited exploration of existing measurement to identify avenues for improvement.

Methods: We undertook two linked systematic reviews of (1) trials of menstrual health interventions and their nested studies in low- and middle-income countries, (2) studies developing or validating measures of menstrual experiences from any location.

The relationship between sleep-disordered breathing, blood pressure, and urinary cortisol and catecholamines in children.

Study Objectives: Hypertension is a complication of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome in adults. A correlation between OSA syndrome and elevated blood pressure (BP) is suggested in children, but its pathogenesis remains unclear. Our aim was to study the effects of sleep and sleep apnea on BP and sympathetic nervous system activation as measured by serum cortisol and urinary catecholamines.

Reevaluating Norms for Childhood Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Brooks DM, Brooks LJ. Reevaluating norms for childhood obstructive sleep apnea. .

Successful control of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus outbreak in a burn intensive care unit by addition of universal decolonization with intranasal mupirocin to basic infection prevention measures.

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is frequently implicated in health care-associated outbreaks in burn intensive care units, incurring substantial morbidity and mortality to these high-risk patients and excess costs to health care systems.

Methods: MRSA health care-associated infections (HAIs) were noted before and after the implementation of basic infection prevention measures and the subsequent implementation of universal decolonization with intranasal mupirocin. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was used to determine the relatedness of clinical isolates.

NonPharmacological interventions for managing wandering in the community: A narrative review of the evidence base.

Dementia-related wandering is exhibited by as many as 63% of people with dementia living in the community. There is strong evidence that people with dementia who wander are at risk of life-threatening outcomes including injury from falls, exhaustion, weight loss, and becoming lost. Furthermore, carers have reported that fear of a person with dementia becoming lost contributes to them taking extreme measures in an attempt to maintain safety at home and there are few guidelines to direct care practices.

Effectiveness of psychosocial interventions on the psychological health and emotional well-being of family carers of people with dementia following residential care placement: a systematic review.

Objective: To identify, appraise and synthesize existing evidence regarding the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions on the psychological health and emotional well-being of family carers of people with dementia who have moved into residential care.

Introduction: Many carers experience stress, guilt, grief and depression following placement of a relative with dementia into residential care. Psychosocial interventions to support family carers may help to improve psychological health and emotional well-being; however, evidence for such interventions delivered to family carers following placement has yet to be appraised and synthesized.

Recruitment of Individuals With Dementia and Their Carers for Social Research: Lessons Learned From Nine Studies.

Many health and social care research studies report difficulties recruiting sufficient numbers of participants, adding to time and money expenditures and potentially jeopardizing the generalizability of findings. The current article reports the effectiveness and resource requirements of recruitment strategies used in nine dementia-related studies conducted in Australia. Articles, notices, or advertisements in targeted specialist newsletters were the most cost-effective method of recruitment.

Effects of facilitated family case conferencing for advanced dementia: A cluster randomised clinical trial.

Background: Palliative care planning for nursing home residents with advanced dementia is often suboptimal. This study compared effects of facilitated case conferencing (FCC) with usual care (UC) on end-of-life care.

Methods: A two arm parallel cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted.

A facilitated approach to family case conferencing for people with advanced dementia living in nursing homes: perceptions of palliative care planning coordinators and other health professionals in the IDEAL study.

Background: Palliative care for nursing home residents with advanced dementia is often sub-optimal due to poor communication and limited care planning. In a cluster randomized controlled trial, registered nurses (RNs) from 10 nursing homes were trained and funded to work as Palliative Care Planning Coordinators (PCPCs) to organize family case conferences and mentor staff. This qualitative sub-study aimed to explore PCPC and health professional perceptions of the benefits of facilitated case conferencing and identify factors influencing implementation.