Development of a customizable interactions questionnaire (CIQ) for evaluating interactions with objects in augmented/virtual reality.

As new methods for interacting with systems are being developed for use within augmented or virtual reality, their impact on the quality of the user's experience needs to be assessed. Although many instruments exist for evaluating the overall user experience or the computer interface used to complete tasks, few provide measures that can be used to evaluate the specific forms of interaction typically used in these environments. This paper describes the development of a customizable questionnaire for measuring the subjective user experience that focuses on the quality of the interactions with objects in augmented reality/virtual reality (AR/VR) worlds, which we are calling the Customizable Interactions Questionnaire, or (CIQ).

Multiple interpretations of long-term working memory theory: Reply to Delaney and Ericsson (2016).

This reply is in response to Delaney and Ericsson (2016), who argue that the results of our recent research (Foroughi, Werner, Barragán, & Boehm-Davis, 2015) can be explained by Ericsson and Kintsch's (1995) long-term working memory (LTWM) theory. Our original work was designed to test the prediction made by LTWM theory that interruptions of up to 30 s in duration would not disrupt reading performance. We conducted the work following the method and outcome measures recommended by Ericsson and Kintsch (1995).

Individual differences in working-memory capacity and task resumption following interruptions.

Previous research has shown that there is a time cost (i.e., a resumption lag) associated with resuming a task following an interruption and that the longer the duration of the interruption, the greater the time cost (i.

Interruptions disrupt reading comprehension.

Previous research suggests that being interrupted while reading a text does not disrupt the later recognition or recall of information from that text. This research is used as support for Ericsson and Kintsch's (1995) long-term working memory (LT-WM) theory, which posits that disruptions while reading (e.g.

Do interruptions affect quality of work?

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine if interruptions affect the quality of work.

Background: Interruptions are commonplace at home and in the office. Previous research in this area has traditionally involved time and errors as the primary measures of disruption.

Improving ATLS performance in simulated pediatric trauma resuscitation using a checklist.

Objective: To develop a checklist for use during pediatric trauma resuscitation and test its effectiveness during simulated resuscitations.

Background: Checklists have been used to support a wide range of complex medical activities and have effectively reduced errors and improved outcomes in different medical settings. Checklists have not been evaluated in the domain of trauma resuscitation.

Human factors methods to reduce medication error: using task analysis in a pediatric and adult pharmacy.

Medication error is an issue that no hospital is immune from, leading to 7,000 deaths and 1.3 million patient injuries each year. The purpose of this study was to decrease the risk and occurrence of medication errors by analyzing the hospital pharmacy.

Symposium: Neuroergonomics, technology, and cognition.

This symposium describes collaborative research on neuroergonomics, technology, and cognition being conducted at George Mason University and the US Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) as part of the Center of Excellence in Neuroergonomics, Technology, and Cognition (CENTEC). Six presentations describe the latest developments in neuroergonomics research conducted by CENTEC scientists. The individual papers cover studies of: (1) adaptive learning systems; (2) neurobehavioral synchronicity during team performance; (3) genetics and individual differences in decision making; (4) vigilance and mindlessness; (5) interruptions and multi-tasking; and (6) development of a simulation capability that integrates measures across these domains and levels of analysis.

Mitigating disruptive effects of interruptions through training: what needs to be practiced?

It is generally accepted that, with practice, people improve on most tasks. However, when tasks have multiple parts, it is not always clear what aspects of the tasks practice or training should focus on. This research explores the features that allow training to improve the ability to resume a task after an interruption, specifically focusing on task-specific versus general interruption/resumption-process mechanisms that could account for improved performance.

Reducing the disruptive effects of interruption: a cognitive framework for analysing the costs and benefits of intervention strategies.

Interruptions are ubiquitous, and they can lead to disastrous consequences. The goal of this paper is to describe remedies that have been proposed to reduce the disruption caused by interruptions based on an understanding of how principles of human cognitive processing bear on the sequence of events that take place during an interruption. We show that interruptions tap disparate cognitive operations, from attention to decision making to memory.

The effect of interruption duration and demand on resuming suspended goals.

The time to resume task goals after an interruption varied depending on the duration and cognitive demand of interruptions, as predicted by the memory for goals model (Altmann & Trafton, 2002). Three experiments using an interleaved tasks interruption paradigm showed that longer and more demanding interruptions led to longer resumption times in a hierarchical, interactive task. The resumption time profile for durations up to 1 min supported the role of decay in defining resumption costs, and the interaction between duration and demand supported the importance of goal rehearsal in mitigating decay.

Discoveries and developments in human-computer interaction.

Objective: This paper describes contributions made to the science and practice of human-computer interaction (HCI), primarily through Human Factors and the society's annual proceedings.

Background: Research in HCI began to appear in publications associated with the Society around 1980 and has continued through the present.

Method: A search of the literature appearing in either the journal or the proceedings was done to identify the specific contributions made by researchers in this area.

Thinking graphically: Connecting vision and cognition during graph comprehension.

Task analytic theories of graph comprehension account for the perceptual and conceptual processes required to extract specific information from graphs. Comparatively, the processes underlying information integration have received less attention. We propose a new framework for information integration that highlights visual integration and cognitive integration.

Pilot performance, strategy, and workload while executing approaches at steep angles and with lower landing minima.

Objective: We examined the willingness and ability of general aviation pilots to execute steep approaches in low-visibility conditions into nontowered airports.

Background: Executing steep approaches in poor weather is required for a proposed Small Aircraft Transportation System (SATS) that consists of small aircraft flying direct routes to a network of regional airports.

Method: Across two experiments, 17 pilots rated for Instrument Flight Rules at George Mason University or Virginia Tech flew a Cessna 172R simulator into Blacksburg, Virginia.

Recovering from interruptions: implications for driver distraction research.

This research adopted a model of goal activation to study the mechanisms underlying interrupted task performance. The effects of interruption timing, type of interruption, and age on task time and primary task resumption time were explored under conditions in which attention was switched back and forth between two tasks, much as when drivers shift attention between attending to the road and to an in-vehicle task. The timing of interruptions had a significant impact on task resumption times, indicating that the most costly time to interrupt task performance is during the middle of a task.