Dental Bite-Sized Bits: A Module for Teaching Common Oral Health Conditions to Multidisciplinary Students.

The Surgeon General's report in the year 2000 highlighted the association between chronic diseases and oral health infections. Current healthcare education programs, regrettably, report only 1 to 3 h of oral health instruction within curricula. In the years 2020-2022, as part of their respective oral health curricula, 278 first-year physician assistant and 12 pre-clinical second-year pharmacy students were invited to participate in a voluntary survey examining the effectiveness of animated succinct, online video-based oral health units.

Does resilience predict hospital length of stay after total knee arthroplasty? A prospective observational cohort study.

Background: Resilience, or the ability to bounce back from stress, is a key psychological factor that is associated with ongoing functional independence and higher quality of life in older adults in the context of chronic health conditions. Emerging research has explored resilience and patient-reported outcomes after TKA. Our primary aim was to explore the relationship between resilience and acute hospital length of stay after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Predictors of 12 month functional outcomes and length of stay of severely injured children in NSW, Australia. A longitudinal multi-centre study.

Background: The majority of paediatric injury outcomes studies focus on mortality rather than the impact on long-term quality of life, health care use and other health-related outcomes. This study sought to determine predictors of 12-month functional and psychosocial outcomes for children sustaining major injury in NSW.

Methods: The study included all children < 16 years requiring intensive care or an injury severity score (ISS) ≥ 9 treated in NSW at a paediatric trauma centre (PTC).

Implementation of a novel stratified PAthway of CarE for common musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions in primary care: protocol for a multicentre pragmatic randomised controlled trial (the PACE MSK trial).

Introduction: Musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions constitute the highest burden of disease globally, with healthcare services often utilised inappropriately and overburdened. The aim of this trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel clinical PAthway of CarE programme (PACE programme), where care is provided based on people's risk of poor outcome.

Methods And Analysis: Multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Capturing vertigo in the emergency room: three tools to double the rate of diagnosis.

Objective: Many patients attending the emergency room (ER) with vertigo, leave without a diagnosis. We assessed whether the three tools could improve ER diagnosis of vertigo.

Methods: A prospective observational study was undertaken on 539 patients presenting to ER with vertigo.

Emergency department management of severely injured children in New South Wales.

Objective: Presentations to EDs for major paediatric injury are considerably lower than for adults. International studies report lower levels of critical intervention, including intubation, required in injured children. A New South Wales study demonstrated an adverse event rate of 7.

Improving radiologist's ability in identifying particular abnormal lesions on mammograms through training test set with immediate feedback.

It has been shown that there are differences in diagnostic accuracy of cancer detection on mammograms, from below 50% in developing countries to over 80% in developed world. One previous study reported that radiologists from a population in Asia displayed a low mammographic cancer detection of 48% compared with over 80% in developed countries, and more importantly, that most lesions missed by these radiologists were spiculated masses or stellate lesions. The aim of this study was to explore the performance of radiologists after undertaking a training test set which had been designed to improve the capability in detecting a specific type of cancers on mammograms.

Pathways and factors that influence time to definitive trauma care for injured children in New South Wales, Australia.

Background: Timely definitive paediatric trauma care influences patient and parental physical and emotional outcomes. New South Wales (NSW) covers a large geographical area with all three NSW paediatric trauma centres (PTC) located in two approximated major cities, meaning it is inevitable that some injured children receive initial treatment locally and then require transfer. Little is known about the factors that then impact timely arrival of injured children to definitive care.

Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation After Cardiac Surgery: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is common after cardiac surgery and linked to poorer short-term and long-term outcomes; however, conflicting evidence exists on stroke risk and how the index procedure affects outcomes. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of the published outcomes of POAF after cardiac surgery, examined as a whole and by index procedure.

Methods: A systematic review of POAF after cardiac surgery was conducted.

Prehospital care and transport costs of severely injured children in NSW Australia.

Background: Injury is the leading cause of childhood death and disability in Australia. Prehospital emergency services in New South Wales (NSW) are provided by NSW Ambulance. The incidence, pre-hospital care provided and outcomes of children suffering major injury in NSW has not previously been described.

Cause, treatment costs and 12-month functional outcomes of children with major injury in NSW, Australia.

Background: Information about children treated in New South Wales (NSW), Australia following major injury has been limited to those treated at trauma centres using mortality as the main outcome measure, restricting assessment of the effectiveness of the Trauma System. This study sought to describe the detailed characteristics as well as functional and psychosocial health outcomes of all children suffering major injury in NSW.

Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted between July 2015 and November 2017 and included children < 16 years requiring intensive care or an injury severity score (ISS) ≥ 9 treated in NSW or who died following injury.

Workforce participation of Australian women with breast cancer.

Objective: International research suggests that many women do not return to their previous work after breast cancer. This study aimed to identify workforce participation patterns for Australian women with breast cancer and compare these to healthy aged matched women.

Methods: Using the 1946-1951 birth cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health, the work status of women was compared three years before and three years after their first reported breast cancer diagnosis.

Subclinical valve thrombosis in transcatheter aortic valve implantation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Recent high-resolution computed tomography studies after transcatheter aortic valve insertion (TAVI) have reported a high prevalence of subclinical valve thrombosis (SCVT), potentially contributing to increased risk of late stroke. We aimed to investigate SCVT in patients after TAVI, with a focus on prevalence, predisposing factors, management, and potential sequelae.

Methods: A comprehensive literature review of patients with SCVT after TAVI was carried out on all published studies in 3 major electronic databases from their inception until October 2019.

Minimally invasive surgical approaches to left main and left anterior descending coronary artery revascularization are superior compared to first- and second-generation drug-eluting stents: a network meta-analysis.

Objectives: There are a number of minimally invasive approaches to revascularization of coronary artery disease that involve the left main or proximal left anterior descending artery; however, studies to date provide mixed results.

Methods: A Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed to compare early and late postoperative outcomes between percutaneous coronary intervention with first- and second-generation drug-eluting stents (DESs), off-pump coronary artery bypass and minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass (MIDCAB) in patients with involvement of left main or left anterior descending disease.

Results: A total of 37 studies with 31 728 patients were included in the analysis.

Capturing acute vertigo: A vestibular event monitor.

Objective: To facilitate the diagnosis of vestibular disorders by patient-initiated capture of ictal nystagmus.

Methods: Adults from an Australian neurology outpatient clinic reporting recurrent vertigo were recruited prospectively and taught to self-record spontaneous and positional nystagmus at home while symptomatic, using miniature video-oculography goggles. Consenting patients with ictal videorecordings and a final unblinded clinical diagnosis of Ménière disease (MD), vestibular migraine (VM), or benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) were included.

Climate change and the health of older people in Australia: A scoping review on the role of mobile applications (apps) in ameliorating impact.

Objectives: Due to the impact of climate change, mobile applications (apps) providing information about the external environment have the potential to improve the health of older people. The purpose of this research was to undertake a scoping review of the evidence on the usability, feasibility and effectiveness of mobile apps to encourage access to activities outside the home in older people.

Methods: A search of databases was undertaken with relevant keywords.

Predictors of recurrent sprains after an index lateral ankle sprain: a longitudinal study.

Objective: To explore and identify the predictors of ankle sprain after an index (first) lateral ankle sprain.

Design: Prospective cohort study, Level of evidence II.

Setting: Musculoskeletal research laboratory at the University of Sydney.

More to Lose? Noise-Risk Perceptions of Young Adults with Hearing Impairment.

This study investigated the attitudes and behaviors of young adults with hearing impairment (HI), in relation to leisure noise. It was hypothesized that young people with HI would have more negative perceptions of noise exposure than their peers with nonimpaired (normal) hearing (NH) and would engage more frequently in self-protective behaviors. Questionnaires were administered as part of a larger study of young Australians with: (1) preadult onset HI and (2) NH.

Heatwave and infants' hospital admissions under different heatwave definitions.

Objectives: Data on the health impacts of heatwaves in infants are limited, and this study aimed to examine how heatwaves affect hospital admissions in infants.

Methods: A quasi-Poisson generalized additive model was used to assess the effects of heatwaves on hospital admissions in infants from 1st January 2005 to 31st December 2015 in Brisbane, Australia, using a series of heatwave definitions after controlling for possible confounders. A case-only analysis was conducted to examine the possible modification effects of personal and community characteristics on the heatwaves effects on infants' hospital admissions.

Hearing Threshold Shifts Among 11- to 35-Year-Olds With Early Hearing Impairment.

Objectives: Data obtained from the clinical records of selected 11- to 35-year-olds with preadult onset hearing impairment were analyzed with 2 primary aims: (1) to determine the incidence of hearing threshold level (HTL) shift in this cohort and, (2) to examine the relationship between HTL shift, whole-of-life noise exposure, and other factors.

Design: Cross-sectional cohort study. Retrospective HTL + survey data for a sample of 237 young Australians receiving hearing (re)habilitation services were obtained.

Applying the Theoretical Domains Framework to identify barriers and targeted interventions to enhance nurses' use of electronic medication management systems in two Australian hospitals.

Background: Medication errors harm hospitalised patients and increase health care costs. Electronic Medication Management Systems (EMMS) have been shown to reduce medication errors. However, nurses do not always use EMMS as intended, largely because implementation of such patient safety strategies requires clinicians to change their existing practices, routines and behaviour.