Classifying Firearm Injury Intent in Electronic Hospital Records Using Natural Language Processing.

Importance: International Classification of Diseases-coded hospital discharge data do not accurately reflect whether firearm injuries were caused by assault, unintentional injury, self-harm, legal intervention, or were of undetermined intent. Applying natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning (ML) techniques to electronic health record (EHR) narrative text could be associated with improved accuracy of firearm injury intent data.

Objective: To assess the accuracy with which an ML model identified firearm injury intent.

Assessment of the Accuracy of Firearm Injury Intent Coding at 3 US Hospitals.

Importance: The absence of reliable hospital discharge data regarding the intent of firearm injuries (ie, whether caused by assault, accident, self-harm, legal intervention, or an act of unknown intent) has been characterized as a glaring gap in the US firearms data infrastructure.

Objective: To use incident-level information to assess the accuracy of intent coding in hospital data used for firearm injury surveillance.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional retrospective medical review study was conducted using case-level data from 3 level I US trauma centers (for 2008-2019) for patients presenting to the emergency department with an incident firearm injury of any severity.

Parental Perceptions of Their Children's Access to Household Firearms.

Objectives: To provide a nationally representative estimate of the proportion of gun owners who report a child has independent access to one of their guns, and to describe characteristics of these gun owners relative to other gun-owning parents.

Study Design: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of online survey data collected in 2019 from a nationally representative sample of US adults in households with firearms (n = 4030, response 65%). The sample comprised gun-owning respondents living in homes with children (n = 689) who were asked questions about their firearms, including how they were stored, and about who other than themselves had access to their guns: "If you were not there, who in your household could get one of your guns (and load it if it is not loaded already) if they needed to?"

Results: Twelve percent of US gun owners in homes with children report that a child has independent access to one of their guns (about one-fifth of those having children under age 12 years only).

Reprint of "Using multiple imputation by super learning to assign intent to nonfatal firearm injuries".

The number of nonfatal firearm injuries in the US by intent (e.g., due to assault) is not reliably known: First, although the largest surveillance system for hospital-treated events, the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (HCUP-NEDS), provides accurate data for the number of nonfatal firearm injuries, injury intent is not coded reliably.

Trend in Loaded Handgun Carrying Among Adult Handgun Owners in the United States, 2015‒2019.

To determine the frequency of loaded handgun carrying among US adult handgun owners overall and by state concealed carry law status. Using a nationally representative survey of US firearm-owning adults in 2019, we asked handgun owners (n = 2389) about their past-month handgun carrying behavior. A total of 30.

Perspectives on clinician-delivered firearm safety counseling during routine care: Results of a national survey.

Only 7.5% of United States (U.S.

Firearm Storage in US Households With Children: Findings From the 2021 National Firearm Survey.

This survey study uses responses from the 2021 National Firearms Survey to analyze firearm storage practices in US households with children.

Child Access Prevention Laws and Firearm Storage: Results From a National Survey.

Introduction: Child Access Prevention Negligent Storage (CAP-NS) laws seek to reduce pediatric firearm injury by imposing sanctions on gun owners if children gain access to unlocked guns. Whether these laws affect the storage behavior they aim to encourage is not known because historical panel data on firearm storage do not exist. As a result, assessing how much, if at all, firearm storage changed because of CAP-NS laws requires an indirect approach.

Firearm-related research articles in health sciences by funding status and type: A scoping review.

Federal funding for firearm-related research in the health sciences has incurred Congressional restrictions and executive actions. Little is known about the funding landscape for published scholarship in this field. This study's aim was to characterize the number and sources of funding, including federal and non-federal sources, for firearm-related research articles published in health sciences journals.

Firearm Purchasing During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results From the 2021 National Firearms Survey.

Background: The surge in background checks beginning in March 2020 suggested an acceleration in firearm purchases. Little was known about the people who bought these guns.

Objective: To estimate the number and describe characteristics of firearm purchasers over a period spanning prepandemic and pandemic time, characterize new gun owners, and estimate the number of persons newly exposed to household firearms.

Perceptions of firearm-related harm among US adults living in firearm-owning households: a nationally representative study.

Decision-making on having firearms at home may be contingent on perceptions of the likelihood of their negative and positive outcomes. Using data from a nationally representative survey (n=4030) conducted during 30 July 2019 to 11 August 2019, we described how US adults living in firearm-owning households perceived the relative likelihood of firearm-related harm by injury intent ('accidentally harm self or someone else with a gun', 'injure self on purpose with a gun' and 'injure someone else on purpose with a gun') for groups at risk of compromised decision-making (children; adolescents and individuals with mental health issues, substance use disorders or cognitive impairment). We found that US adults living in firearm-owning households believe that unintentional firearm injuries are more likely than intentional self-inflicted or assault-related firearm injuries, despite evidence to the contrary.