Microdermabrasion followed by a 5% retinoid acid chemical peel vs. a 5% retinoid acid chemical peel for the treatment of photoaging - a pilot study.

Background: Both retinoid acid (RA) chemical peeling and microdermabrasion are minimally invasive procedures recently developed for the treatment of photoaging. The efficacy of each procedure has been proved, but the results of the combination of these two methods have not been studied until now.

Objectives: To assess and compare the efficacy of microdermabrasion followed by a 5% RA chemical peel with that of a 5% RA chemical peel alone.

Phosphatidylcholine in the treatment of localized fat.

Phosphatidylcholine was initially used in emergencies and in the treatment of atheroma plaques in cardiac diseases. Recently, it has also been used in the treatment of localized fat deposits. We report on the authors' clinical experience of the use of 250 mg/ml phosphatidylcholine injections in the treatment of subcutaneous fat deposits, showing the clinical response and side-effects.

Multicenter, double-blind study of the efficacy of injections with botulinum toxin type A reconstituted up to six consecutive weeks before application.

Background: It is recommended that botulinum toxin be used immediately or within 2 weeks after its reconstitution because its efficacy might be compromised by prolonged storage.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) reconstituted over 6 consecutive weeks for the treatment of glabellar frown lines.

Methods: Four vials of BTX-A were reconstituted each of 7 days over a period of 6 weeks, totaling 28 vials, corresponding to seven reconstitution dates.