Ecological interactions, host plant defenses, and control strategies in managing soybean looper, (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

Soybean looper (SBL), (Walker 1858) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is one of the most damaging insect pests of soybean, (L.) Merr., in the mid-south region of the United States, and causes significant economic losses to cotton, sunflower, tomato, and tobacco crops in the United States, Brazil, and Argentina.

Charge-transfer mediated J-aggregation in red emitting ultra-small-single-benzenic -fluorophore crystals.

Red emission in crystals has been observed with an ultra-small-single-benzenic -fluorophore () with a molecular weight (MW) of only 197 Da, bettering the literature report of fluorophores with the lowest MW = 252 Da. Supramolecular extensive hydrogen-bonding and J-aggregate type centrosymmetric discrete-dimers or a 1D chain of s led to red emission ( = 610-636 nm) in crystals. Unlike in the solution phase showing one absorption band, in thin films and in crystals the transition from the S state to both the S state and S state becomes feasible.

ICAM1 gingival fibroblasts modulate periodontal inflammation to mitigate bone loss.

Tissue-resident fibroblasts are heterogeneous and provide an endogenous source of cytokines that regulate immunologic events in many osteolytic diseases. Identifying distinct inflammatory fibroblast subsets and conducting mechanistic studies are critical for understanding disease pathogenesis and precision therapeutics, which is poorly explored in periodontitis. Here, we surveyed published single-cell datasets for fibroblast-specific analysis and show that Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM1) expression selectively defines a fibroblast subset that exhibits an inflammatory transcriptional profile associated with nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway.

A global fairtrade partnership needed to address injustices in the supply chains of clean energy technology materials.

Abstract: Renewable sources produced close to one-third of the world's electricity in 2023. However, a limited but growing body of research suggests rapid renewable energy development is leading to conflict and resource exploitation in energy-transitioning communities. Such injustices are attributable to the extractivist nature of renewable energy development, where raw materials, also known as Clean Energy Technology Materials (CETMs), are in limited quantities and often concentrated in resource-constrained zones in the Global South.

Underestimation of personal carbon footprint inequality in four diverse countries.

Extensive research highlights global and within-country inequality in personal carbon footprints. However, the extent to which people are aware of these inequalities remains unclear. Here we use an online survey distributed across four diverse countries: Denmark, India, Nigeria and the USA, to show widespread underestimation of carbon footprint inequality, irrespective of participants' country and income segment.

Recent Advances in Multifaceted Drug Delivery Using Natural Polysaccharides and Polyacrylamide-Based Nanomaterials in Nanoformulation.

Rapid growth in nanotechnology, also known as 21st-century technology, is occurring in response to the increasing diversity of diseases. The development of safe and effective drug delivery methods to enhance bioavailability is of paramount importance. Researchers have focused on creating safe, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly nanoparticle construction processes.

Understanding and addressing microplastic pollution: Impacts, mitigation, and future perspectives.

Improper disposal of household and industrial waste into water bodies has transformed them into de facto dumping grounds. Plastic debris, weathered on beaches degrades into micro-particles and releases chemical additives that enter the water. Microplastic contamination is documented globally in both marine and freshwater environments, posing a significant threat to aquatic ecosystems.

Glioblastoma stem cell long non-coding RNAs: therapeutic perspectives and opportunities.

Glioblastoma poses a formidable challenge among primary brain tumors: its tumorigenic stem cells, capable of self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation, contribute substantially to tumor initiation and therapy resistance. These glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs), resembling conventional stem and progenitor cells, adopt pathways critical for tissue development and repair, promoting uninterrupted tumor expansion. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a substantial component of the human transcriptome, have garnered considerable interest for their pivotal roles in normal physiological processes and cancer pathogenesis.

Emergent Inhomogeneity and Nonlocality in a Graphene Field-Effect Transistor on a Near-Parallel Moiré Superlattice of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides.

At near-parallel orientation, twisted bilayers of transition metal dichalcogenides exhibit interlayer charge transfer-driven out-of-plane ferroelectricity. Here, we report detailed electrical transport in a dual-gated graphene field-effect transistor placed on a 2.1° twisted bilayer WSe.

Postoperative revision, complication and economic outcomes of patients with reverse or anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty at one year: a retrospective, United States hospital billing database analysis.

Background: Data on the 1-year postoperative revision, complication, and economic outcomes in a hospital setting after total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) are sparse.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study using the Premier Healthcare Database, a hospital-billing data source, evaluated 1-year postoperative revision, complication, and economic outcomes of reverse (RTSA) and anatomic (ATSA) TSA for patients who underwent the procedure from 2015 until 2021. All-cause revisits, including revision-related events (categorized as either irrigation and débridement or revision procedures and device removals) and shoulder/nonshoulder complications were collected.

Heterocyclic compounds as xanthine oxidase inhibitors for the management of hyperuricemia: synthetic strategies, structure-activity relationship and molecular docking studies (2018-2024).

Hyperuricemia is characterized by higher-than-normal levels of uric acid in the bloodstream. This condition can increase the likelihood of developing gout, a form of arthritis triggered by the deposition of urate crystals in the joints, leading to inflammation and pain. An essential part of purine metabolism is played by the enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO), which transforms xanthine and hypoxanthine into uric acid.

Clinicopathological profile of ependymomas with special reference to survival data - Experiences of a tertiary care center'.

Background And Aims: Ependymomas exhibit heterogeneity across age, location, histology, molecular nature and survival suggestive of an epigenetic component in its pathogenesis. The CNS WHO classification (2021) classifies ependymomas based on DNA methylation profiles. Studies suggest that molecular sub-types remain stable throughout the course of disease.

Contrasting gut bacteriomes unveiled between wild Antheraea assamensis Helfer (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) and domesticated Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) silkworms.

Background: Insect gut microbiomes play a fundamental role in various aspects of insect physiology, including digestion, nutrient metabolism, detoxification, immunity, growth and development. The wild Muga silkworm, Antheraea assamensis Helfer holds significant economic importance, as it produces golden silk.

Methods And Results: In the current investigation, we deciphered its intricate gut bacteriome through high-throughput 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing.

Genome sequencing and assembly of Indian golden silkmoth, Antheraea assamensis Helfer (Saturniidae, Lepidoptera).

Muga silkworm (Antheraea assamensis), one of the economically important wild silkmoths, is unique among saturniid silkmoths. It is confined to the North-eastern part of India. Muga silk has the highest value among the other silks.

ΔNp63 regulates MDSC survival and metabolism in triple-negative breast cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) contributes greatly to mortality of breast cancer, demanding new targetable options. We have shown that TNBC patients have high expression in tumors. However, the function of ΔNp63 in established TNBC is yet to be explored.

Identifying American climate change free riders and motivating sustainable behavior.

Free riders, who benefit from collective efforts to mitigate climate change but do not actively contribute, play a key role in shaping behavioral climate action. Using a sample of 2096 registered American voters, we explore the discrepancy between two groups of free riders: cynics, who recognize the significance of environmental issues but do not adopt sustainable behaviors, and doubters, who neither recognize the significance nor engage in such actions. Through statistical analyses, we show these two groups are different.

Insurer costs of COVID-19 by disease severity and duration.

Objectives: To analyze US commercial insurance payments associated with COVID-19 as a function of severity and duration of disease.

Study Design: Retrospective database analysis.

Methods: Patients with COVID-19 between April 1, 2020, and June 30, 2021, in the Merative MarketScan Commercial database were identified and stratified as having asymptomatic, mild, moderate (with and without lower respiratory disease), or severe/critical (S/C) disease based on the severity of the acute COVID-19 infection.

AIE active fluorescent organic nanoparticles based optical detection of Cu ions in pure water: a case of aggregation-disaggregation reversibility.

An AIE-active pyrene-terpyridine derivative, (4'-(pyren-1-yl)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine) (1) was found to form nanoaggregate in an aqueous medium. The probe involved hydrogen bonding with solvent molecules that modulated the charge transfer behavior and consequently resulted in different spectroscopic behavior due to the formation of fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs). In the presence of Cu ions, FONs displayed a ratiometric red shift of the absorption band (360 to 420 nm) accompanied by a prominent naked-eye color change from colorless to light yellow.

Life table parameters and digestive physiology of Baly (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on three (L.) Roxb. (Cucurbitaceae) cultivars.

Baly (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is an important pest of (L.) Roxb. (Cucurbitaceae) in India.

Attention, sentiments and emotions towards emerging climate technologies on Twitter.

Public perception of emerging climate technologies, such as greenhouse gas removal (GGR) and solar radiation management (SRM), will strongly influence their future development and deployment. Studying perceptions of these technologies with traditional survey methods is challenging, because they are largely unknown to the public. Social media data provides a complementary line of evidence by allowing for retrospective analysis of how individuals share their unsolicited opinions.