Randomized Trial of Aromatase Inhibitors, Growth Hormone, or Combination in Pubertal Boys with Idiopathic, Short Stature.

Context: Growth of short children in puberty is limited by the effect of estrogen on epiphyseal fusion.

Objectives: To compare: 1) the efficacy and safety of aromatase inhibitors (AIs) vs GH vs AI/GH on increasing adult height potential in pubertal boys with severe idiopathic short stature (ISS); and 2) differences in body composition among groups.

Design: Randomized three-arm open-label comparator.

Benefits of integration of radiology services across a pediatric health care system with locations in multiple states.

Background: Integration was implemented of previously independently practicing pediatric radiology services across a pediatric health care system with sites 1,000 miles apart.

Objective: The purpose of this manuscript is to describe the process utilized to integrate imaging services across our enterprise and to study the direct effects on report turnaround time and other parameters.

Materials And Methods: Parameters were evaluated both the year before integration as well as the 2 years following integration and compared for improvement.

Metformin use in children with obesity and normal glucose tolerance--effects on cardiovascular markers and intrahepatic fat.

Objective: To determine if metformin improves markers of inflammation, thrombosis, and intrahepatic fat contents in children with uncomplicated obesity.

Methods: Obese children with normal glucose tolerance but elevated highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and/or fibrinogen concentrations (>2 standard deviations) were randomized to structured diet/exercise or diet/exercise and metformin for 6 months. Blood samples, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry data, and liver magnetic resonance images were obtained.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of anastrozole in pubertal boys with recent-onset gynecomastia.

Context: Use of aromatase inhibitors to suppress estrogen production is being actively investigated in a variety of experimental conditions in both females and males. Anastrozole (Arimidex) is a potent and selective reversible inhibitor of the aromatase enzyme in females.

Objective: Our objective was to characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of anastrozole in adolescent males with gynecomastia of less than 1 yr duration.

Hip ultrasound.

Sonography has been widely utilized for several decades in the diagnosis and follow-up of developmental dysplasia of the hip due to its ability to visualize the nonossified femoral head and portions of the acetabulum in neonates, dynamic capabilities, accuracy, and lack of nonionizing radiation. Furthermore, hip sonography is also used throughout parts of the world to diagnose and guide intervention for both children and adults. The hip joint, tendons, and periarticular structures can be delineated with sonography in a variety of congenital, developmental, infectious, inflammatory, arthritic, traumatic, and neoplastic disorders.